scholarly journals Prevalence and extent of chronic periodontitis and its risk factors in a Portuguese subpopulation: a retrospective cross-sectional study and analysis of Clinical Attachment Loss

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Machado ◽  
João Botelho ◽  
António Amaral ◽  
Luís Proença ◽  
Ricardo Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attachment Loss

Objectives To assess the prevalence and extent of chronic periodontitis, and its risk factors in a Portuguese subpopulation referred to periodontal examination. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study used a subset of data from patients who sought dental treatment in a university dental clinic in the Lisbon metropolitan area. The sample consisted of 405 individuals (225 females/180 males), aged 20–90 years. All patients underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination and chronic periodontitis was defined as Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) ≥ 3 mm affecting two or more teeth. Aggressive periodontitis cases were excluded from the analysis. Results Prevalence of chronic periodontitis was 83.5% (95% CI [80.4–86.6%]). For these subjects, CAL ≥ 3 mm affected 86.0% (95% CI [84.7–87.2]) of sites and 83.7% (95% CI [81.7–85.6]) of teeth, respectively. Mean CAL ranged from 3.6 to 4.3 mm, according to age. In the multivariate logistic regression model, smoking (OR = 3.55, 95% CI [1.80–7.02]) and older age (OR = 8.70, 95% CI [3.66–20.69] and OR = 4.85, 95% CI [2.57–9.16]), for 65+ and 45–64 years old, respectively, were identified as risk indicators for CAL ≥ 3 mm. Conclusions This particular Portuguese adult subpopulation had a high prevalence of chronic periodontitis, with severe and generalized clinical attachment loss, and its presence was significantly associated with age and smoking. This data should serve to prepare future detailed epidemiological studies and appropriate public health programs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Bronchial Asthma among Adult Patients in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia 2018: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisay Tegegnework ◽  
Sindew Muhamud ◽  
Alebachew Demelash
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Abstract Objective Bronchial asthma is one of the major public health challenges throughout the world that negatively impact patients, families and community. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of bronchial asthma among patients in adult emergency department of Debre Berhan Referral Hospital. A hospital based cross-sectional study design was used among 257 study participants. A systematic sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data was collected by using pretested and structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of asthma. Results Prevalence of bronchial asthma among adult patients was 29.6%. Being an urban resident (AOR: 1.5: 95%CI: 1.3 - 3.9), income of household less than 1000 EBr/ month (AOR: 1.7: 95%CI: 1.6 - 4.1), having family history of asthma (AOR: 2.7: 95%CI: 1.3 - 5.8), and presence of vermin in the house (AOR: 2.4: 95%CI: 1.2 – 4.7) were significantly associated with bronchial asthma. The authors concluded that the prevalence of bronchial asthma among adult patients was high. Therefore, educational program about the risk factors and preventive measures of asthma is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of bronchial asthma among adult patients in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia 2018: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisay Shine ◽  
Sindew Muhamud ◽  
Alebachew Demelash
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Objective Bronchial asthma is one of the major public health challenges throughout the world that negatively impact patients, families and community. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of bronchial asthma among patients in adult emergency department of Debre Berhan Referral Hospital. A hospital based cross-sectional study design was used among 257 study participants. A systematic sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data was collected by using pretested and structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of asthma. Results Prevalence of bronchial asthma among adult patients was 29.6%. Being an urban resident (AOR: 1.5: 95% CI 1.3–3.9), income of household less than 1000 EBr/month (AOR: 1.7: 95% CI 1.6–4.1), having family history of asthma (AOR: 2.7: 95% CI 1.3–5.8), and presence of vermin in the house (AOR: 2.4: 95% CI 1.2–4.7) were significantly associated with bronchial asthma. The authors concluded that the prevalence of bronchial asthma among adult patients was high. Therefore, educational program about the risk factors and preventive measures of asthma is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Cusp Fractures in Posterior Permanent Teeth—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9299
Author(s):  
Susana Morimoto ◽  
Wilma K. C. Lia ◽  
Flavia Gonçalves ◽  
Denis Yudi Nagase ◽  
Thais Gimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the frequency and risk factors associated with cusp fractures in posterior permanent teeth. Methods: Patients presented cusp fractures on posterior permanent teeth, clinically assessed in up to 7 days after the event, and requesting dental treatment at two public services were included in this cross-sectional study. Fractured teeth already treated, with antagonist absence, or with prosthesis (total or removable) were excluded. Demographic and clinical data were collected to draw the patient profiles and establish how teeth were affected individually. Statistical analysis was performed by the Fisher exact test, and uni- and multivariate logistic regression (α = 0.05). Results: One hundred and seventy-seven (177) patients from 16 to 66 years old (±41.56), from 1998 to 2016, were included in this study. Non-functional and lingual cusps presented a higher fracture than functional and buccal cusps, respectively. Fractures were more common in teeth with isthmus wider than 1/3 of the intercuspid distance and/or more than three restored surfaces. Teeth with endodontic treatment presented a higher subgingival fracture. On lingual cusps, fracture type and location were significantly associated, being that total fractures were 3.2 times more likely to occur than partial fractures, and subgingival were 3.62 times more likely to occur than supragingival fractures. Conclusion: Indications of classic protection on functional cusps (LUBL) was refuted since, generally, nonfunctional cusps fractured more than the functional cusps. However, upper pre-molars showed more fractures in functional cusps and lower molars presented more fractures on the nonfunctional cusps. In general, lingual cusps were the most fractured and were associated with a higher prevalence of severe fractures (total fractures at the subgingival level). Fractures were more common in teeth where the restoration had an isthmus wider than 1/3 of the intercuspid distance and/or involved more than three restored surfaces. Most of the patients did not show previous symptoms and signs. Overall, teeth with endodontic treatment presented a higher subgingival fracture.

Prevalence and predictors for clinical attachment loss in adolescents in Latin America: cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 900-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Morales ◽  
Paola Carvajal ◽  
Hugo Romanelli ◽  
Mariel Gómez ◽  
Cristina Loha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attachment Loss

scholarly journals Risk Indicators and Treatment Needs of Children 2–5 Years of Age Receiving Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia in Saskatchewan

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Alyssa Weninger ◽  
Erica Seebach ◽  
Jordyn Broz ◽  
Carol Nagle ◽  
Jessica Lieffers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Home ◽  
The Mean

Background: When compared to national averages in Canada, Saskatchewan has one of the highest rates of dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) and average costs per child. Thus, the purpose of this cross-sectional study is to explore the risk indicators and treatment needs of children receiving dental treatment under GA in Saskatchewan. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited caregivers of children between 24 and 71 months of age in Saskatoon, Canada. Caregivers completed a 40-item questionnaire, which was supplemented with clinical data and then subject to statistical analysis (independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA). Results: A total of 90 caregiver/child dyads were enrolled with the mean age for children being 49.5 ± 12.3 months. The mean age of a child’s first dental visit was 34.7 ± 15.3 months with only 37.9% of children having a dental home. The mean deft index was 11.7 ± 3.4, with an average of 10.9 ± 3.5 teeth receiving treatment. Additionally, location of primary residence (p = 0.03), family income (p = 0.04), family size (p = 0.01), parental education (p = 0.03), dental home (p = 0.04), and body mass index (p = 0.04) had a statistically significant association with a higher mean deft. Conclusions: Our cross-sectional study confirms that children who require dental treatment under GA have a high burden of disease. While individual risk indicators such as diet and oral hygiene play a role in the progression of early childhood caries (ECC), we also demonstrate that children who do not have access to early preventive visits or a dental home are at a higher risk. In addition to improving motivation for oral hygiene at home and nutritional education, improving access to oral health care should be addressed in strategies to reduce ECC.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Risk Factors for Multiple Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders: A structured Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-510
Author(s):  
Kamis Gaballah ◽  
Asma Alkubaisy ◽  
Asmaa Aba Baker ◽  
Alma Bawzeer ◽  
Rawan Awad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleeping Problems ◽  
Multiple Symptoms ◽  
Had Scale

Background: The risk factors for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) are extensively studied, but the results showed no consistency. Only a small proportion of patients with TMD are likely to seek help and require treatment. Those individuals tend to present with multiple symptoms. This cohort of patients was not well investigated. Objective: The study aimed to examine the association between possible risk factors for presentation with multiple TMD symptoms. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted across 2101 individuals with an age range of 19-60 years. The condition was assessed via a detailed questionnaire comprising symptoms, habits, dental history, general health, sleep patterns, along with the completion of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, followed by an examination of the hypothesized clinical signs. The obtained data were tabulated and characterized the study population in a descriptive analysis in forms of percentages and frequencies. The significance level was set at P-value less than or equal to 0.005. The chi-squared test was implemented to assess the relationship between the multiple TMD symptoms reported and the potential risk factors. Results: Most participants reported a variable amount of stress. Moreover, 1528 (72.7 percent) mentioned abnormalities in sleep. About 80 percent had at least one TMD-related symptom. The multiple symptoms of TMD were identified among the 741 individuals. The following risk factors demonstrated association with a robust statistical significance (P=0.00), 1) occupation, 2) sleeping problems, 3) health concerns, 4) traumatic dental treatment, 5) various somatic symptoms, and 6) elevated HAD scale. When the outcomes of the clinical examination were analyzed, the statistical assessment could link soft tissue changes, namely; the cheek ridging and tongue indentations (P 0.00), with multiple symptoms of the condition. Conclusion: Multiple TMD symptoms were prevalent among individuals with elevated stress, abnormal sleep pattern, traumatic dental treatment, elevated HAD scale. The results highlighted the importance of psychological factors in the pathogenesis of TMD.

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