attachment loss
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2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 703-708
Author(s):  
Dimas I. Hutomo ◽  
Sri Lelyati C. Masulili ◽  
Fatimah M. Tadjoedin ◽  
Lindawati S. Kusdhany

Background: Menopause is a physiological phenomenon that occurs in aging women. Periodontal disease is associated with menopausal status. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) plays a role in general and periodontal bone turnover. Calcium is essential for the maintenance of bone and teeth, and serum ALP and calcium are specific bone markers related to the acceleration of bone mass loss in elderly women and periodontitis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate the levels of serum ALP and calcium with periodontal status in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with periodontitis. Methods: A total of 22 perimenopausal and 49 postmenopausal women underwent a full periodontal examination assessing the pocket depth, number of teeth lost, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, calculus index, and papillary bleeding index. Using these measurements, the subjects were divided according to periodontal severity. Serum ALP and calcium were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. A correlation between serum ALP and calcium to periodontal status was investigated. Results: Serum ALP was significantly correlated with the severity of periodontitis, clinical attachment loss, and the number of teeth lost among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (p < 0.05). Serum calcium levels were not correlated with periodontal status. Conclusion: Postmenopausal women tended to have more periodontal breakdown, and the level of serum ALP was increased in severe periodontitis.


2021 ◽  
pp. 191-209
Author(s):  
Reidun Ingebretsen ◽  
Per Erik Solem
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3376-3377
Author(s):  
Marryam Riaz ◽  
Sohaib Shujaat ◽  
Ayesha Fahim ◽  
Shamail Zafar ◽  
Mariyah Javed ◽  
...  

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Methods: Five hundred and twenty arthritis patients were included in the study, using consecutive non-probability sampling from the outpatient department of various public and private hospitals of Pakistan. Patients with periodontitis along with systemic Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) were included in the study. Clinical parameters taken for the severity of periodontitis were the Gingival recession (GV), Periodontal Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL). Independent sample t-test was used for significance before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Data was presented with mean (standard deviation). Results: The PPD and CAL of Rheumatoid Arthritis patients were found to be decreased significantly following non-surgical periodontal treatment (p value < 0.05), unlike the gingival recession, which did not decrease significantly (p value > 0.05). Conclusion: The PPD and CAL values of periodontal patients with rheumatoid arthritis were significantly reduced after giving non-surgical Periotherapy along with oral hygiene instruction. Keywords: arthritis; gingiva; periodontitis; periodontal pocket


Author(s):  
Milind Wasnik ◽  
Suryakant Kumar ◽  
Arun Sajjanar ◽  
Niharika Gahlod ◽  
Sneha Khekade ◽  
...  

The term “periodontal diseases” includes any inherited or acquired disorders of the tissues that are supporting the teeth i. e Gingiva, Cementum, PDL, and Alveolar bone. The periodontal disease can be either localized or generalized. Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) patients have interproximal attachment loss on at least two permanent first molars and incisors, with attachment loss on no more than two teeth other than first molars and incisors. In children and adolescents LAgP occurs without clinical evidence of systemic disease and it is characterized by the severe loss of alveolar bone around permanent teeth [10]. Most commonly the disease is localized to the permanent first molars and incisors. Aim: The aim of this review article is explain in details about aggressive periodontitis including different management aspect of the same. Methods: This paper presents a review of the aggressive periodontitis in children. An electronic search was conducted using Pub Med®/MEDLINE, and Google search using the terms: Periodontium, Localized Aggressive Periodontitis, Children and periodontal health, periodontal health in adolescents, gingival disease in children, periodontal disease in children,  gingivitis, periodontitis, gingival disease and its prevalence, periodontal disease and its prevalence.


Author(s):  
Maria Lenk ◽  
Barbara Noack ◽  
Kerstin Weidner ◽  
Katrin Lorenz

Abstract Objectives Periodontitis is a highly prevalent multifactorial disease associated with various mental disorders. However, study results about this association are still contradictory. One methodological reason could be the neglect of potential confounders, such as socioeconomic factors or mental comorbidity. Our study examined a wide range of potential psychosocial risk indicators to identify those with relevant associations to periodontitis. Materials and methods In a cross-sectional study, 111 patients with periodontitis (PERIO) (> 30% teeth with approximal attachment loss ≥ 5 mm) and 110 patients without periodontitis (NON-PERIO) were recruited in four dental practices in Germany. Clinical attachment loss, pocket depth, plaque, bleeding on probing, and DMFT were measured. Psychopathologic symptoms and socioeconomic status were recorded using self-report questionnaires (DAS, PHQ-8, GAD-7, CTS, SCOFF, AUDIT, FTND, SSS-8, SES). Results The PERIO group reported significantly lower socioeconomic status (Cohen’s d = 0.49) and higher psychopathological symptom burden than the NON-PERIO regarding dental anxiety (d = 0.86) and avoidance behavior, nicotine dependency (d = 0.84), depressiveness (d = 0.46), general anxiety (d = 0.45), somatic symptoms (d = 0.42), and childhood traumatization (d = 0.34). No significant group differences existed for alcohol abuse and eating disorders. Dental anxiety was the strongest predictor of periodontitis and showed significant correlations with other psychopathologies and social status. Conclusions Out of all psychosocial factors, socioeconomic status and dental anxiety showed the greatest association with periodontitis. Clinical relevance Dentists should encourage socially disadvantaged and dentally anxious patients in the utilization of prevention and dental care. Furthermore, physicians and psychotherapists can contribute to the early detection of dental anxiety, oral diseases, and avoidance behavior.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Parisa Soltani ◽  
Sajad Sami ◽  
Jaber Yaghini ◽  
Ehsan Golkar ◽  
Francesco Riccitiello ◽  
...  

Introduction. Evaluation of detailed features of the supporting bone is an important step in diagnosis and treatment planning for teeth with clinical attachment loss. Fractal analysis can be used as a method for evaluating the complexity of trabecular bone structures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trabecular bone changes in periapical radiographs of patients with different stages of periodontitis using fractal analysis. Methods. This comparative cross-sectional study was performed on patients with and without clinical attachment loss in mandibular first molars. Teeth with clinical attachment loss were divided into mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis groups. Digital periapical radiographs were obtained from the mandibular first molars using the same exposure parameters. DICOM file of the radiographs was exported to ImageJ software for fractal analysis. Three regions of interest (ROIs) were considered in each radiograph: two proximal ROIs mesial and distal to the mandibular first molar and one apical ROI. Fractal dimension (FD) values were calculated using the fractal box counting approach. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Mann–Whitney test, intraclass correlation coefficient, and ANOVA (α = 0.05). Results. FD values were significantly different between moderate and severe periodontitis and healthy periodontal bone ( P < 0.05 ), except for the distal ROI for moderate periodontitis cases ( P = 0.280 ). However, FD values of the supporting bone in periodontally healthy teeth and teeth with mild periodontitis did not show a statistically significant difference ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Fractal analysis is a useful tool for evaluation of bone alterations in moderate and severe periodontitis, but was not able to detect the most initial radiographic bone signs of mild periodontitis.


2021 ◽  
pp. 2602-2612
Author(s):  
Poranee Banyatworakul ◽  
Nopadon Pirarat ◽  
Sujin Sirisawadi ◽  
Thanaphum Osathanon ◽  
Chanin Kalpravidh

Background and Aim: Fibrin forms in the coagulation process, enhancing local hemostatic properties and promoting wound healing. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bubaline-derived fibrin glue in silk ligature-induced periodontitis rats. Materials and Methods: Bubaline blood–derived fibrin glue was prepared using cryoprecipitation and cryocentrifugation. Periodontitis was induced in rats by placing 5-0 silk ligatures around the mandibular first molars. The animals were divided into two groups: (1) Non-treatment and (2) bubaline fibrin glue–treated groups. Plaque, gingival inflammation, and mobility index were scored on days 1, 7, and 14 after intervention. Histological examinations were performed. The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors was evaluated using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Ligature-induced periodontitis was confirmed by the increase in inflammatory cell infiltration as well as histological bone and attachment loss. Results: Compared to the non-treatment group, bubaline fibrin glue application reduced mononuclear cell infiltration into periodontal tissues corresponding to the reduction of collagen destruction. On days 7 and 14 after intervention, the inflammatory score and histological attachment loss were significantly lower in the bubaline fibrin glue–treated group than in the non-treatment group. A significant reduction in histological bone loss was observed in the treated group on day 7. Bubaline fibrin glue application led to a significant reduction of Tnfa and Il1b mRNA levels, while an increased expression of Pdgfa, Tgfb1, and Il10 was observed compared with the control. Conclusion: Bubaline fibrin glue could be beneficial in periodontitis treatment aiming to reduce inflammation and delay the progression of periodontal disease.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3327
Author(s):  
Yu-Jung Lai ◽  
Rena Takahashi ◽  
Po-Yen Lin ◽  
Ling Kuo ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
...  

Oral biofilm reactor (OBR) and pH cycling (pHC) artificial caries model were employed to evaluate the anti-demineralization effects of four composite filling systems on enamel–root dentin junction. Sixty-four enamel–root dentin blocks (6 mm × 6 mm × 2 mm) each with a cylindrical cavity were randomly assigned to the pHC and OBR group, then four subgroups (n = 8) and filled with either the Beautifil II (BEF, SPRG-filler-containing) or Estelite (EST) composite after the adhesive (either Single Bond Universal (SBU) or FL Bond II (FL, SPRG-filler-containing)). The demineralization lesions of filling interface were examined by micro-computerized tomography (μCT) and swept-source-optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). According to the degree of interface damage, the caries lesions were sorted into four types: Type A and B (no attachment loss); Type C and D (attachment loss). EST/SBU showed the worst demineralization lesion and attachment loss (100% Type D), while BEF/FL exhibited the shallowest lesion depth (p < 0.05, 145 ± 45 μm on enamel, 275 ± 35 μm on root dentin) and no attachment loss (75% Type A and 25% Type B). Using FL adhesive alone does not effectively reduce enamel demineralization. BEF plays a leading role in acid resistance. The combination of BEF and FL showed a cumulative synergistic effect on anti-demineralization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10349
Author(s):  
Xingzhi Wang ◽  
Fuyuki Sato ◽  
Keiji Tanimoto ◽  
Niveda Rajeshwaran ◽  
Lakshmi Thangavelu ◽  
...  

Periodontal inflammation is a common inflammatory disease associated with chronic inflammation that can ultimately lead to alveolar attachment loss and bone destruction. Understanding autophagy and pyroptosis has suggested their significant roles in inflammation. In recent years, studies of differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed genes 1 and 2 (Dec1 and Dec2) have shown that they play important functions in autophagy and in pyroptosis, which contribute to the onset of periodontal inflammation. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the roles of clock genes, including Dec1 and Dec2, that are related to periodontal inflammation and other diseases.


Author(s):  
Lean Heong Foo

AbstractGuided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been proven to promote attachment and regeneration of periodontal tissue. However, there is a 20 to 40% incidence of attachment loss on regenerated attachments reported in the literature. To my knowledge, this is the first case report on a second attempt in GTR on a previous successful grafted site with clinical attachment loss. A healthy 17-year-old Chinese male patient had GTR performed with xenograft particles and bovine resorbable membrane on his root-canal treated, fused upper right lateral incisor and upper right canine (#12-#13) in 2007. Probing depth on the mid-palatal region of #12-#13 was reduced to 4 mm and maintained for the next 4 years. But in the fifth year, probing depth increased to 11 mm with no endodontic symptoms, and a second attempt of GTR using the same materials was carried out. The probing depth at the surgical site was reduced to 4 mm and successfully maintained for another 5 years. Irregular maintenance and the presence of plaque retentive factor could have caused the clinical attachment loss on #12-#13. This case shows it is possible to attempt GTR on a previous successfully grafted site. GTR did not increase tissue resistance against periodontal breakdown. Hence, proper maintenance planning for GTR sites is important to prevent periodontal breakdown.


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