scholarly journals Effects of complex training versus heavy resistance training on neuromuscular adaptation, running economy and 5-km performance in well-trained distance runners

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Robert U. Newton ◽  
David Sutton ◽  
Yue Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Neuromuscular Adaptation ◽  
Heavy Resistance Training ◽  
Complex Training

Background Recently, much attention has been paid to the role of neuromuscular function in long-distance running performance. Complex Training (CT) is a combination training method that alternates between performing heavy resistance exercises and plyometric exercises within one single session, resulting in great improvement in neuromuscular adaptation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of CT vs. heavy resistance training (HRT) on strength and power indicators, running economy (RE), and 5-km performance in well-trained male distance runners. Methods Twenty-eight well-trained male distance runners (19–23 years old, VO2max:65.78 ± 4.99 ml.kg−1.min−1) performed one pre-test consisting of: maximum strength (1RM), counter movement jump (CMJ) height, peak power, a drop jump (DJ), and RE assessments, and blood lactate concentration (BLa) measurement at the speeds from 12–16 km.h−1, a 50-m sprint, and a 5-km running performance test. They were then divided into 3 groups: complex training group (CT, n = 10), that performed complex training and endurance training; heavy resistance training group (HRT, n = 9) that performed heavy strength training and endurance training; and control group (CON, n = 9) that performed strength-endurance training and endurance training. After the 8 weeks training intervention, all participants completed a post-test to investigate the training effects on the parameters measured. Results After training intervention, both the CT and HRT groups had improvements in: 1RM strength (16.88%, p < 0.001; 18.80%, p < 0.001, respectively), CMJ height (11.28%, p < 0.001; 8.96%, p < 0.001, respectively), 14 km.h−1RE (−7.68%, p < 0.001; −4.89%, p = 0.009, respectively), 50-m sprints (−2.26%, p = 0.003; −2.14%, p = 0.007, respectively) and 5-km running performance (−2.80%, p < 0.001; −2.09%, p < 0.001, respectively). The CON group did not show these improvements. All three training groups showed improvement in the 12 km.h−1RE (p ≤ 0.01). Only the CT group exhibited increases in DJ height (12.94%, p < 0.001), reactive strength index (19.99%, p < 0.001), 16 km.h−1 RE (−7.38%, p < 0.001), and a reduction of BLa concentrations at the speed of 16 km.h−1 (−40.80%, p < 0.001) between pre- and post-tests. Conclusion This study demonstrated that CT can enhance 1RM strength, CMJ height, 12 and 14 km.h−1REs, 50-m sprints and 5-km running performances in well-trained male distance runners and may be superior to HRT for the development of reactive strength and 16 km.h−1RE, and reduction of BLa concentrations at speed of 16 km.h−1. Young male distance runners could integrate CT into their programs to improve the running performance.

scholarly journals Relation between 1,500-m running performance and running economy during high-intensity running in well-trained distance runners

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiya Tanji ◽  
Yusuke Shirai ◽  
Toshiki Tsuji ◽  
Wataru Shimazu ◽  
Yoshiharu Nabekura
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Running Performance

Dissociation between running economy and running performance in elite Kenyan distance runners

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Mooses ◽  
Kerli Mooses ◽  
Diresibachew Wondimu Haile ◽  
Jérôme Durussel ◽  
Priit Kaasik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Running Economy ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Running Performance

A comparative study of the antidiabetic effect of two training protocols in streptozotocin-nicotinamide diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bayat ◽  
Mona Alaee ◽  
Ahmad Akbari ◽  
Mehdi Sadegh ◽  
Seied Amirhossein Latifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Derangement ◽  
Better Regulation

AbstractBackgroundPhysical inactivity is the major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of resistance training and endurance training on diabetic-related metabolic parameters in diabetic rats.Materials and methodsTwenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of six rats each: control group (C), diabetic group (D), resistance training group (RES) and endurance training group (END). T2D was induced intraperitoneally using nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg). The training period was 70 days. The irisin, betatrophin, insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profiles were measured in the serum of all rats.ResultsDiabetes significantly increased serum levels of FBG (p < 0.001), which were decreased significantly after the administration of training (p < 0.001). Training administration had a significant effect in normalizing serum lipid profiles (p < 0.001) and it was shown to increase the serum levels of irisin, betatrophin (p < 0.001) and insulin (END: p < 0.001 and resistance training: p < 0.05). It was also found that the endurance training was more effective in improving this parameters when compared with resistance training (p < 0.05). In addition, the irisin revealed a significant positive association with betatrophin (END: p < 0.01 and resistance training: p < 0.05) and insulin (END: p < 0.01 and RES: p < 0.05) values in diabetic groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that endurance training was more effective in diabetic related metabolic derangement compared with resistance training. This effect is probably due to better regulation of irisin, betatrophin and insulin relative to resistance training.

Concurrent speed endurance and resistance training improves performance, running economy, and muscle NHE1 in moderately trained runners

2014 ◽  
Vol 117 (10) ◽  
pp. 1097-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casper Skovgaard ◽  
Peter M. Christensen ◽  
Sonni Larsen ◽  
Thomas Rostgaard Andersen ◽  
Martin Thomassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Heavy Resistance Training ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
Trained Runners

The purpose of this study was to examine whether speed endurance training (SET, repeated 30-s sprints) and heavy resistance training (HRT, 80–90% of 1 repetition maximum) performed in succession are compatible and lead to performance improvements in moderately trained endurance runners. For an 8-wk intervention period (INT) 23 male runners [maximum oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) 59 ± 1 ml·min−1·kg−1; values are means ± SE] either maintained their training (CON, n = 11) or performed high-intensity concurrent training (HICT, n = 12) consisting of two weekly sessions of SET followed by HRT and two weekly sessions of aerobic training with an average reduction in running distance of 42%. After 4 wk of HICT, performance was improved ( P < 0.05) in a 10-km run (42:30 ± 1:07 vs. 44:11 ± 1:08 min:s) with no further improvement during the last 4 wk. Performance in a 1,500-m run (5:10 ± 0:05 vs. 5:27 ± 0:08 min:s) and in the Yo-Yo IR2 test (706 ± 97 vs. 491 ± 65 m) improved ( P < 0.001) only following 8 wk of INT. In HICT, running economy (189 ± 4 vs. 195 ± 4 ml·kg−1·km−1), muscle content of NHE1 (35%) and dynamic muscle strength was augmented ( P < 0.01) after compared with before INT, whereas V̇o2max, muscle morphology, capillarization, content of muscle Na+/K+ pump subunits, and MCT4 were unaltered. No changes were observed in CON. The present study demonstrates that SET and HRT, when performed in succession, lead to improvements in both short- and long-term running performance together with improved running economy as well as increased dynamic muscle strength and capacity for muscular H+ transport in moderately trained endurance runners.

scholarly journals Efecto del entrenamiento combinado de fuerza y pliometría en variables biomecánicas del salto vertical en jugadoras de baloncesto Effects of combined plyometric and resistance training in biomechanical variables of the vertical jump in basketball players)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Alberto Sánchez-Sixto ◽  
Pablo Floría
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Combined Training

Objetivo. El propósito de la presente investigación fue determinar y comparar el efecto de un entrenamiento combinado de fuerza y pliometría en el rendimiento del salto vertical y en los parámetros de aplicación de fuerza, velocidad y desplazamiento del centro de gravedad durante el salto vertical. Material y método. Veinticinco jugadoras de baloncesto participaron en éste estudio y fueron asignadas de forma aleatoria a dos grupos: grupo entrenamiento y grupo control. El grupo de entrenamiento añadió a sus sesiones en pista 2 sesiones por semana de entrenamiento combinado: sentadilla profunda (50-65% de 1 repetición máxima de 3-6 repeticiones) y saltos repetidos (5-7 series de 5 saltos repetidos). El salto con contra-movimiento fue medido antes y después de las 6 semanas de entrenamiento. Resultados. Mejoras substanciales y probables fueron encontradas en la altura del salto vertical (12.2%). También se hallaron incrementos en la velocidad máxima durante el contramovimiento (14.0%), en la posición de máxima profundidad del centro de gravedad en la fase de bajada (10.9%). Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias en la fuerza máxima durante la fase de subida. Conclusión. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que el entrenamiento combinado mejora el rendimiento en el salto vertical en jugadoras de baloncesto y modifica el desplazamiento y las velocidades del centro de gravedad. Abstract. Purpose. The purpose of this investigation was determine and compare de effects of a combined plyometric and resistance training in the jump performance and the variables of force applied, velocity and displacement of the center of mass during the countermovement jump. Material and Method. Twenty five woman basketball players participated in this study and they were randomized assigned in two groups: a training group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 12). The training group performed 2 sessions per week of a combined plyometric and resistance training: deep squat (55-75% of 1RM of 3-6 repetitions) and jumps (5-7 series of 5 jumps). The countermovement jump was measured before and after 6 weeks of training. Results. The jump height showed a substantial increase after the training intervention (12.2%). In addition, the maximum velocity of the center of mass during the downward movement phase showed an increase (14.0). The crouch position was a 10.9% deeper after the training intervention. No differences were found in the force application variables of the countermovement when the training intervention ended. Conclusion. The outcomes of this investigation show that the combined training improve the jumping performance in women basketball players and modify the velocity and displacement of the center of mas during the countermovement jump.

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