scholarly journals Curative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Scalp Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Xing ◽  
Supan Hettige ◽  
Lessandra Yan Shan Chee ◽  
Rohan Nair ◽  
Rajendra Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Curative Radiotherapy

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Pembrolizumab With Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Phase IB Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (21) ◽  
pp. 2427-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven F. Powell ◽  
Kathryn A. Gold ◽  
Mark M. Gitau ◽  
Christopher J. Sumey ◽  
Michele M. Lohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Phase Ib ◽  
Curative Radiotherapy ◽  
Weekly Cisplatin

PURPOSE Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks interaction between programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) and its ligands (PD-L1, PD-L2). Although pembrolizumab is approved for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), its role in the management of locally advanced (LA) disease is not defined. We report a phase IB study evaluating the safety and efficacy of adding pembrolizumab to cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy in patients with LA HNSCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients included those with oral cavity (excluding lip), oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, or laryngeal stage III to IVB HNSCC (according to American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition, staging system) eligible for cisplatin-based, standard-dose (70 Gy) chemoradiotherapy. Pembrolizumab was administered concurrently with and after chemoradiotherapy with weekly cisplatin. Safety was the primary end point and was determined by incidence of chemoradiotherapy adverse events (AEs) and immune-related AEs (irAEs). Efficacy was defined as complete response (CR) rate on end-of-treatment (EOT) imaging or with pathologic confirmation at 100 days postradiotherapy completion. Key secondary end points included overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS The study accrued 59 patients (human papillomavirus [HPV] positive, n = 34; HPV negative, n = 25) from November 2015 to October 2018. Five patients (8.8%) required discontinuation of pembrolizumab because of irAEs, all of which occurred during concurrent chemoradiotherapy; 98.3% of patients completed the full planned treatment dose (70 Gy) of radiotherapy without any delays ≥ 5 days; 88.1% of patients completed the goal cisplatin dose of ≥ 200 mg/m2. EOT CR rates were 85.3% and 78.3% for those with HPV-positive and -negative HNSCC, respectively. CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab in combination with weekly cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy is safe and does not impair delivery of curative radiotherapy or chemotherapy in HNSCC. Early efficacy data support further investigation of this approach.

scholarly journals Safe Administration of Cemiplimab to a Kidney Transplant Patient with Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Scalp

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 574-580
Author(s):  
Luca Paoluzzi ◽  
Thomas J Ow
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Kidney Transplant Patient ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Immunotherapies directed at T-cell activation through antibodies targeting checkpoint proteins, such as programmed cell death 1 (PD1), are rapidly becoming the new standard of care in the treatment of several malignancies. Cemiplimab is a monoclonal antibody targeting PD1 that has recently emerged as a highly active treatment for locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Patients who have received an organ transplant (OTRs) have been traditionally excluded from clinical trials with checkpoint inhibitors (CIs), given concerns for organ rejection. Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) are more likely to develop cancers than the general population, and skin cancers are among the most frequent malignancies. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with a history of a kidney transplant who presented with a rapidly growing, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the scalp that recurred within four weeks from surgical resection. The patient was able to safely receive ten cycles of cemiplimab so far with significant clinical benefit, and no issues with his kidney function, while continuing immunosuppression with low dose prednisone alone. An ongoing clinical trial (NCT04339062) is further exploring the safety of CIs in patients with metastatic CSCC who have previously received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant or a kidney transplant.

scholarly journals Cav1/EREG/YAP Axis in the Treatment Resistance of Cav1-Expressing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3038
Author(s):  
Mickaël Burgy ◽  
Aude Jehl ◽  
Ombline Conrad ◽  
Sophie Foppolo ◽  
Véronique Bruban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Hnscc Cell

The EGFR-targeting antibody cetuximab (CTX) combined with radiotherapy is the only targeted therapy that has been proven effective for the treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC). Recurrence arises in 50% of patients with HNSCC in the years following treatment. In clinicopathological practice, it is difficult to assign patients to classes of risk because no reliable biomarkers are available to predict the outcome of HPV-unrelated HNSCC. In the present study, we investigated the role of Caveolin-1 (Cav1) in the sensitivity of HNSCC cell lines to CTX-radiotherapy that might predict HNSCC relapse. Ctrl- and Cav-1-overexpressing HNSCC cell lines were exposed to solvent, CTX, or irradiation, or exposed to CTX before irradiation. Growth, clonogenicity, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, metabolism and signaling pathways were analyzed. Cav1 expression was analyzed in 173 tumor samples and correlated to locoregional recurrence and overall survival. We showed that Cav1-overexpressing cells demonstrate better survival capacities and remain proliferative and motile when exposed to CTX-radiotherapy. Resistance is mediated by the Cav1/EREG/YAP axis. Patients whose tumors overexpressed Cav1 experienced regional recurrence a few years after adjuvant radiotherapy ± chemotherapy. Together, our observations suggest that a high expression of Cav1 might be predictive of locoregional relapse of LA-HNSCC.

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