CFD Modeling of Multi-fuel Combustion of Coal and Meat and Bone Meal (MBM) in a Cement Rotary Kiln

The article considers the role and place of water and water vapor in combustion processes with the purpose of reduction the effluents of nitrogen oxides and carbon oxide. We have carried out the complex of theoretical and computational researches on reduction of harmful nitrogen and carbon oxides by gas fuel combustion in dependence on humidity of atmospheric air by two approaches: CFD modeling with attraction of DRM 19 chemical kinetics mechanism of combustion for 19 components along with Bowman’s mechanism used as “postprocessor” to determine the [NO] concentration; different thermodynamic models of predicting the nitrogen oxides NO formation. The numerical simulation of the transport processes for momentum, mass and heat being solved simultaneously in the united equations’ system with the chemical kinetics equations in frame of GRI methane combustion mechanism and NO formation calculated afterwards as “postprocessor” allow calculating the absolute actual [CO] and [NO] concentrations in dependence on combustion operative conditions and on design of furnace facilities. Prediction in frame of thermodynamic equilibrium state for combustion products ensures only evaluation of the relative value of [NO] concentration by wet combustion the gas with humid air regarding that in case of dry air – oxidant. We have developed the methodology and have revealed the results of numerical simulation of impact of the relative humidity of atmospheric air on harmful gases formation. Range of relative air humidity under calculations of atmospheric air under impact on [NO] and [CO] concentrations at the furnace chamber exit makes φ = 0 – 100%. The results of CFD modeling have been verified both by author’s experimental data and due comparing with the trends stated in world literature. We have carried out the complex of the experimental investigations regarding atmospheric air humidification impact on flame structure and environmental characteristics at natural gas combustion with premixed flame formation in open air. The article also proposes the methodology for evaluation of the nitrogen oxides formation in dependence on moisture content of burning mixture. The results of measurements have been used for verification the calculation data. Coincidence of relative change the NO (NOx) yield due humidification the combustion air revealed by means of CFD prediction has confirmed the qualitative and the quantitative correspondence of physical and chemical kinetics mechanisms and the CFD modeling procedures with the processes to be studied. A sharp, more than an order of reduction in NO emissions and simultaneously approximately a two-fold decrease in the CO concentration during combustion of the methane-air mixture under conditions of humidification of the combustion air to a saturation state at a temperature of 325 K.

Download Full-text

Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Meat-and-Bone Meal, Flash-Dried Poultry By-Product Meal, and Enzyme-Digested Poultry By-Product Meal in Practical Diets for Juvenile Red Drum

North American Journal of Aquaculture ◽

10.1577/1548-8454(2000)062<0266:profmw>2.0.co;2 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 266-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Nasir Kureshy ◽

D. Allen Davis ◽

C. R. Arnold

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Red Drum ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Meat And Bone Meal ◽

Bone Meal

Download Full-text

Real-Time PCR Detection of Ruminant DNA

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-67.3.550 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 550-554 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

LUIS MENDOZA-ROMERO ◽

EDWARD L. C. VERKAAR ◽

PAUL H. SAVELKOUL ◽

ARNOLD CATSBURG ◽

HENK J. M. AARTS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽

Meat And Bone Meal ◽

Bone Meal ◽

Dna Targeting ◽

Species Origin ◽

Semiquantitative Method

To control the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, several DNA methods have been described for the detection of the species origin of meat and bone meal. Most of these methods are based on the amplification of a mitochondrial DNA segment. We have developed a semiquantitative method based on real-time PCR for detection of ruminant DNA, targeting an 88-bp segment of the ruminant short interspersed nuclear element Bov-A2. This method is specific for ruminants and is able to detect as little as 10 fg of bovine DNA. Autoclaving decreased the amount of detectable DNA, but positive signals were observed in feeding stuff containing 10% bovine material if this had not been rendered in accordance with the regulations, i.e., heated at 134°C for 3 instead of 20 min.

Download Full-text

Bovine meat and Bone Meal as an Economically Viable Alternative in Quail Feeding in the Final Phase

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science ◽

10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0057 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (spe) ◽

pp. 7-12

Author(s):

CC Pizzolante ◽

JE Moraes ◽

SK Kakimoto ◽

FEL Budiño ◽

C Móri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viable Alternative ◽

Meat And Bone Meal ◽

Bone Meal ◽

Final Phase

Download Full-text

Effect of isoproteinous feed on growth and survival of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12110 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 169-174

Author(s):

I Siddika ◽

M Das ◽

K R Sumi

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Meat And Bone Meal ◽

Bone Meal ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Significant Difference

A four week experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of isoproteinous (35%) feed prepared named diet 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively by substituting 0%, 50% , 75% and 100% fish meal with meat and bone meal in view of preparing a cost effective tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry feed. The four experimental diets (diet 1 to 4) each were randomly assigned to twelve hapas with three replications. Tilapia fry (0.011g) were randomly stocked in 100 fry/9ft² hapa and fed five times a day up to their apparent satiation. The results of the study showed that the weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), the apparent net protein utilization value and survival (%) of the fish were significantly (P<0.05) higher and better feed utilization with lower FCR value was observed in fish fed on the diet 4 where meat and bone meal was used as sole source of protein base. There was no significant difference between the carcass moisture and lipid of fish fed with different experimental diets. The results of the study indicated that diet 1 containing fish meal (45.15% Fish meal, 27.43% Rice bran and 27.43% Wheat flour) can be replaced by meat and bone meal containing diet 4 (54.06% Meat and bone meal, 22.97% Rice bran and 22.97% Wheat flour) with no adverse effects on growth and survival of O. niloticus. Before recommendation several trials will be necessary in different farms to be sure of the reproducibility of the result obtained in the present experiment. Cost- benefit analysis reveals that the meat and bone meal containing diet certainly provides cheaper feed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12110 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 169174, 2012

Download Full-text

Response of breeding sows to long term dietary supplementation with folic acid

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600026982 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 1994 ◽

pp. 153-153

Author(s):

P.B. Lynch ◽

P.J.A. Sheehy

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Red Cell ◽

Restricted Feeding ◽

Meat And Bone Meal ◽

Bone Meal ◽

Soyabean Meal ◽

Dietary Treatments

Dietary supplementation with folic acid has been shown to improve reproductive performance in sows (Lindemann 1993). However most studies have been for one cycle only and few have examined the effect of supplementation over several parities.One hundred and thirty four crossbred sows ranging in parity from 2 to 4 were selected at farrowing and randomly allocated to two dietary treatments of low and high supplemental folic acid (0 and 10 g per tonne, Roche Products Ltd.). Treatments were applied for the following three lactations and post weaning periods, two full pregnancies and to day 30 of the pregnancy following the third lactation. The diet fed contained barley, wheat, soyabean meal and meat and bone meal with nutrient levels of 14.0 MJ DE/kg and 1.02% lysine. Sows were individually penned throughout with restricted feeding in pregnancy (2.2 kg/day increasing to 2.5 kg/day in the final month), and ad libitum in lactation (approx 5.0 kg/day) and post weaning (approx 3.4 kg/day). Blood samples for determination of plasma and red cell folate were taken from 14 sows per treatment on days 4, 50 and 110 of one cycle. These were determined by a microbiological assay (modification of methods of Scott et al 1974 and Wilson and Home 1982).

Download Full-text