SHORELINE CLEANUP IN NORWAY: LESSONS LEARNED AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal C. Guénette ◽  
Linn Aasnes ◽  
Odd Arne Folium
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Current Response ◽  
Current State ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Oil Type

ABSTRACT A summary of shoreline cleanup case studies in Norway is presented. Six spills, spanning more than two decades, are reviewed in terms of spill size, oil type, shoreline type, extent of oiling, cleanup techniques that were used, and lessons learned. This evaluation is based on situation reports, follow-up studies, and papers. The lessons learned and recommendations for improving the current response practices are discussed in terms of recent advances regarding current state of knowledge in oil spill behavior and cleanup techniques. These issues are addressed with reference to the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority's stated aim to strengthen shoreline cleanup response capabilities in Norway.

scholarly journals The Downside of Indonesia's Successful Liberal Democratisation and the Way Ahead. Notes from the Participatory Surveys and Case Studies 2000–2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olle Törnquist ◽  
Hasrul Hanif ◽  
Eric Hiariej ◽  
Willy P. Samadhi ◽  
Amalinda Savirani
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Critical Case ◽  
Political Capacity ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
The Way

Indonesia is a critical case of liberal democratisation. Most of the country's old dominant actors were included in compromises aimed at democracy and were expected to become democrats by adjusting to the new institutions. The pro-democrats were expected to propel change from civil society. However, the recurrent participatory surveys and follow-up studies summarised herein point to remarkable freedoms, along with deplorable governance and representation. The major causes are biased institutions of representation, plus weak political capacity of the crucial actors of change within modern business and among the middle classes and labourers. Advances presuppose new ways to represent their interests.

scholarly journals Deepwater Horizon oil spill impacts on Alabama beaches

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3639-3649 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Hayworth ◽  
T. P. Clement ◽  
J. F. Valentine
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Deepwater Horizon ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Abstract. From mid June 2010 to early August 2010, the white sandy beaches along Alabama's Gulf coast were inundated with crude oil discharged from the Deepwater Horizon well. The long-term consequences of this environmental catastrophe are still unfolding. Although BP has attempted to clean up some of these beaches, there still exist many unanswered questions regarding the physical, chemical, and ecological state of the oil contaminated beach system. In this paper, we present our understanding of what is known and known to be unknown with regard to the current state of Alabama's beaches in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon disaster. Motivated by our observations of the evolving distribution of oil in Alabama's beaches and BP's clean-up activities, we offer our thoughts on the lessons learned from this oil spill disaster.

scholarly journals Moose Habitat Management and Timber Management Planning: Three Case Studies

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
D. Payne ◽  
J. McNicol ◽  
G. Eason ◽  
D. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Three case studies are presented in this paper that illustrate how timber harvesting practices were modified to address wildlife and silvicultural concerns. The planning process (i.e., negotiations between the Ministry of Natural Resources and the logging companies), problems encountered, and lessons learned are emphasized. Modifications to clearcutting most commonly used were block cuts (i.e., cut and leave) and linear reserves. Timing and communication are cited as serious problems in two cases and solutions are offered. Also, the logging companies in all three cases were concerned about the added expense of modified harvesting (e.g., higher road and layout costs, some loss of timber volume, and higher operating costs). Throughout, the need for more high quality moose inventory data and long-term follow-up study is made clear. Key words: case histories, modified harvest, forest management planning, moose habitat management.

Lessons Learned From Three Iterative Studies on Creativity Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sahar ◽  
L. H. Shu
Keyword(s):  
Study Participant ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Conflict Processing ◽  
Design Creativity ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
And Control

Abstract Previous work by the authors suggested that performing conflict-processing tasks improved subsequent creative output on the Alternative Uses Test (AUT). Although a positive relationship was established, the number of conflict levels was limited, i.e., previous work included only conflict and no-conflict conditions. Two online follow-up studies included an additional high-conflict level to better understand the relationship between conflict processing and creative performance. These two follow-up studies did not replicate the previous study’s results, but revealed similar, yet non-significant trends. The current paper compares the three studies, emphasizing differences between them, including study environments, instructions, types of tasks used as interventions, and participant backgrounds, etc. Key conclusions relevant to future, particularly online, studies in design creativity and beyond are as follows. Effective in-person studies may not translate well to online studies, where participant distraction and lack of motivation are more difficult to detect, monitor and control. Imposing a minimum number of correct responses to complete study tasks may reduce the effects of distraction and lack of motivation. Without in-person presence of both the researcher and the study participant, enhanced feedback for online responses may promote comprehension of instructions. However, enabling online participants to ask questions directly can further reduce confusion and improve task completion.

Rapid International Mobilization of Oil Spill Response Equipment: Recent Experiences1

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-338
Author(s):  
Scott Read
Keyword(s):  
Poster Presentation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Delivery Time ◽  
Load Planning ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Tier 3

ABSTRACT Rapid mobilization of response equipment to the scene of an incident is critical to mitigate its effects. If the scale of the response requires support from an international Tier 3 response center, it is essential to have in place a robust logistics chain to ensure that appropriate equipment is delivered rapidly and deployed effectively. With delivery time a priority, all transportation options must be explored to reduce mobilization period. This paper will refer to three recent response mobilizations of Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL) to demonstrate the reality of transporting response equipment internationally by air. It will examine the options available including the use of the response center's permanently chartered aircraft, full or part charter available from the charter market, and the use of scheduled freighter aircraft. Transport choices are based on clearly defined procedures and the experience of the staff involved, combined with well-established and exercised contingency plans. Assessment of these various options will highlight the uniqueness of every response and demonstrate how flexibility and cooperation by all concerned parties is essential to provide the solutions to the real-time challenges that occur. A variety of systems are in place to assist rapid equipment mobilization and developments in equipment packaging and load planning are reducing further the time taken to load and discharge cargo. The case studies will show the lessons learned, pitfalls, and benefits of these systems and in particular will focus on the advantages in speed, cost, and flexibility that are obtained from the use of aircraft pallet modules as part of a specialized aircraft palletization system. The concept and development of the aircraft pallet system attracted attention as the poster presentation “Packaging of Tier 3 Oil Spill Equipment for a Faster Response” (Read, 1999) at the 1999 International Oil Spill Conference in Seattle, Washington. This paper follows up with the realities of 2-years use.

Lessons Learned from Deepwater Horizon Incident - Adapting an Integrated Command System with Governmental Takeover of the Incident Command

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Marius Ly ◽  
Kathrine Idas ◽  
Rune Bergstrøm ◽  
Egil Dragsund
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
National Level ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Deepwater Horizon ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Operating Company

ABSTRACT Both the Norwegian authorities and the oil industry have completed assessments and evaluations with respect to the lessons learned and experiences gained from the Deepwater Horizon incident in 2010. This paper will focus on the establishment of a national system for handling very large oil spills and governmental takeover of the incident command from the responsible operating company. The Norwegian oil industry is subject to preparedness requirements following the Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) regulations for petroleum related activities. Based on this, all offshore operating companies must have contingency plans and be able to respond to an oil spill resulting from their own activities. The Norwegian Coastal Administration (NCA) has a duty on behalf of the government to maintain preparedness and respond to major instances of acute pollution and, by law, has the obligation to take command and direct major response operations. On the Norwegian Continental Shelf there have only been two incidents involving the offshore oil industry with the release of crude oil estimated at more than 4,000 m3. The Bravo blow-out occurred in 1977, with a release of oil of approximately 12,700 m3. The Statfjord A release occurred in 2007 during a shuttle tanker loading with a release of oil of approximately 4,400 m3. The Bravo blowout lasted for eight days and resulted in a high focus on oil spill response both within the oil industry and for the authorities. The Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies (NOFO) was established in 1978 as the industry's operational organization within oil spill contingency. In 2013 an updated national risk picture was presented with fourteen defined scenarios. One of these is an offshore oil and gas blow-out spilling approximately 300,000 tonnes and resulting in approximately 3,000 km of polluted shoreline. Together with the lessons identified from the Deepwater horizon response in 2010 there was a need to assess and improve how spills with an extreme nature and magnitude were organized on a national level. Within the framework of the Pollution Control act and HSE regulations a system has been developed in a joint effort between the oil industry and the authorities. The system is based on the already existing integrated command structure in Norway and will be part of the national contingency plan. The system for governmental takeover of the incident command, how the takeover is organized, and how the responsibilities are distributed is described in a bridging document. One of the main issues is how to be prepared to make full use of the Pollution Control Act and international agreements to bring added value to the spill response operations. A decision for governmental takeover will be based on a holistic assessment of the actual oil spill and the environmental consequences, and will build upon the already existing spill response organization established by the responsible operating company.

scholarly journals Motivation, Satisfaction, and Risks of Operational Forces and Helpers Regarding the 2021 and 2013 Flood Operations in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12587
Author(s):  
Alexander Fekete
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Information Distribution ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
Infrastructure Resilience ◽  
Moving Storm ◽  
Public Critique

Pluvial floods claimed more than 180 lives in Germany in July 2021, when a large and slow-moving storm system affected Germany and many neighbouring countries. The death tolls and damages were the highest since 1962 in Germany, and soon after, the crisis management was under public critique. This study has undertaken an online survey to understand crisis management better and identify lessons to learn. It has received a positive interest among operational relief forces and other helpers (n = 2264). The findings reveal an overall satisfaction with the operation in general as well as personal lessons learned. It also reveals shortcomings in many areas, ranging from information distribution, coordination, parallel ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, infrastructure resilience, and other factors. Just as well, areas for improvement of the crisis management system are suggested by the respondents. Cooperation and support by the affected population are perceived as positive. This helps to inform other areas of research that are necessary, such as studies on the perception by the affected people. The gaps in assessments of operational forces and some methodological constraints are discussed to advance future follow-up studies.

scholarly journals Deepwater Horizon oil spill impacts on Alabama beaches

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6721-6747 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Hayworth ◽  
T. P. Clement ◽  
J. F. Valentine
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Deepwater Horizon ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Abstract. From mid June 2010 to early August 2010, the white sandy beaches along Alabama's Gulf coast were inundated with crude oil discharged from the Deepwater Horizon well. The long-term consequences of this environmental catastrophe are still unfolding. Although BP has attempted to clean up some of these beaches, there still exist many unanswered questions regarding the physical, chemical, and ecological state of the oil contaminated beach system. In this paper, we present our understanding of what is known and known to be unknown with regard to the current state of Alabama's beaches in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon disaster. Motivated by our observations of the evolving distribution of oil in Alabama's beaches and BP's clean-up activities, we offer our thoughts on the lessons learned from this oil spill disaster.

What graduate follow-up studies can tell us

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 976-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda H Distlehorst
Keyword(s):  
Follow Up Studies
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document