scholarly journals Lipid Extraction from Nannochloropsis sp. Microalgae for Biodiesel Production Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Seok Choi ◽  
Jae-Hun Ryu ◽  
Dong-Jun Park ◽  
Sea-Cheon Oh ◽  
Hyun Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

scholarly journals Microwave Irradiation Assisted Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Bio-Oils from Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
S. N. Ibrahim ◽  
K. A. Radzun ◽  
K. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Chlorella vulgaris is one of the promising microalgae strains that can produce high yield of bio-oils. The C. vulgaris was pretreated with microwave irradiation prior to extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed microwave irradiation pretreatment does not affect the material composition of C. vulgaris. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the microwave irradiation pretreated microalgae showed an agglomeration of the cells with the cells shape became distorted due to rupturing of the cell walls. Optimization of the SCCO2 process parameters (pressure, temperature and CO2 flow rate) was performed by using response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD). Two factors significantly affecting the extraction yield were temperature and pressure. The model equation also predicted the optimum condition for the SCCO2 (without microwave pretreatment) at 70 , 5676 psi and 7 sL/ min while optimum condition for SCCO2 (microwave irradiation pretreatment) at 63 , 5948 psi and 10 sL/ min. High amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), -linolenic acid and palmitoleic acid were found in the extracted oil with microwave irradiation pre-treatment sample.  In addition, the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content in the microwave irradiation pretreated oil was considerably low and is desirable for biodiesel production. 

scholarly journals Enhancement of Lipid Extraction from Soya Bean by Addition of Dimethyl Ether as Entrainer into Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1223
Author(s):  
Hideki Kanda ◽  
Yuji Fukuta ◽  
Wahyudiono ◽  
Motonobu Goto
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Soya beans contain a variety of lipids, and it is important to selectively separate neutral lipids from other lipids. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction has been used as an alternative to the selective separation of neutral lipids from soya beans, usually using non-polar hexane. However, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction has a high operating pressure of over 40 MPa. On the other hand, liquefied dimethyl ether extraction, which has attracted attention in recent years, requires an operating pressure of only 0.5 MPa, but there is concern about the possibility of an explosion during operation because it is a flammable liquefied gas. Therefore, this study aims to reduce the operating pressure by using a non-flammable solvent, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction mixed with liquefied dimethyl ether as an entrainer. The extraction rate and the amount of neutral lipids extracted increased with increasing amounts of added liquefied dimethyl ether. In the mixed solvent, the amount of neutral lipids extracted was higher at an operating pressure of 20 MPa than in pure supercritical carbon dioxide extraction at 40 MPa. The mixing of liquefied dimethyl ether with supercritical carbon dioxide allowed an improvement in the extraction of neutral lipids while remaining non-flammable.

scholarly journals Preliminary study on lipid extraction from Nannochloropsis salina using supercritical carbon dioxide method

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-377
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayah Zainan ◽  
Mohd Azizi Che Yunus ◽  
Razif Harun
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Nannochloropsis Salina ◽  
Chemical Waste ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

The issues involved with conventional lipid extraction methods, such as the usage of toxic solvents and accumulation of chemical waste, has motivated researchers to find an alternative approach to the extraction technology. One of the alternatives is via the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SC-CO2) method. This extraction method is considered as green as it provides a clean, selective and efficient process. Although the SC-CO2  method has been successfully used to extract lipids from microalgae, there are still some issues related to sample preparation and process parameters that need to be resolved. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of adding a modifier (ethanol) and using different types of holders (cotton and steam bun cloth) has on the yield of lipid from Nannochloropsis salina. The usage of a holder is required during the process due to the fine particles of the microalgae which have the potential to clog the instrument used. The SC-CO2 extraction without the modifier was conducted for 4 hours at 60°C, 30 MPa and CO2 flow rate of 4 ml/min, while the extraction with the modifier was conducted using 3.8 ml/min CO2 and 0.2 ml/min ethanol. It was found that the highest lipid yield of 0.16 g lipid / g dried microalgae was achieved using cotton cloth as a holder with the addition of the modifier. Lower amount of lipids were obtained when using the Soxhlet method (0.08 g lipid / g dried microalgae) and SC-CO2 without modification (0.02 g lipid / g dried microalgae). These preliminary findings show that the SC-CO2 process requires modifications to enhance the lipids yield from microalgae.

scholarly journals Effect of Lipid Extraction Methods on Total Dietary Fiber and Nonstarch Polysaccharide Contents of Selected Nuts and Seeds

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Betty W Li ◽  
Zhenkun Zhao ◽  
Jill J Jekot
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Abstract Three extraction methods were used to remove lipid materials from 8 edible nuts and seeds before analysis for their total dietary fiber (TDF) and non- starch polysaccharide (NSP) contents. Portions of ground materials were extracted by: n-hexane, followed by 80% methanol, n-hexane-acetic acid (95 + 5, v/v), and supercritical carbon dioxide. Defatted samples were gelatinized in water and incubated with amyloglucosidase; 95% ethanol was added to the hydrolyzates, and the residues were collected on tared glass crucibles. TDF was calculated according to a simplified enzymatic-gravimetric method developed in our laboratory, and NSP was determined as described by Englyst and coworkers. Dietary fiber values obtained with any of the extraction methods range from 3.47 g/100 g for cashews to 28.56 g/100 g for sunflower seeds. Nonstarch polysaccharide values range from 2.43 g/100 g for pecans to 5.56 g/100 g for peanuts. With the exception of sunflower seeds, samples extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide had lower TDF contents but similar amounts of NSP compared with samples extracted by the other 2 methods.

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