scholarly journals Determination of Optimum Crop Mix Using Linear (LP) Programming among Small Holder Farmers in Agricultural Zone Four of Adamawa State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
D. O. A. Phillip ◽  
E. Peter ◽  
A. A. Girei
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Resource Levels ◽  
Programming Analysis

Linear programming was applied to farm data collected from 120 smallholder farmers in 2017/18 cropping season in agricultural zone four (4) of Adamawa state, Nigeria for the purpose of identifying optimal crop mix to maximize revenue. A total of twenty (20) cropping enterprises were identified in the existing cropping pattern, fifteen (15) mixed and five (5) sole cropping enterprises. Popular enterprises identified included four mixed and two sole cropping enterprises and all the six enterprises showed positive net return. The result of the linear programming analysis however, showed that the optimal farm plan at observed maximum resource levels admitted only groundnut and sorghum in the final plan to be produced at 2 hectares with an associated total gross margin of N478, 380.00. In the sensitivity analysis identified with the observed maximum resource level, land was the only binding resource in the final plan. The optimal farm plan at observed average resource levels showed that three enterprises; groundnut/sorghum, maize/sorghum and sole maize were admitted in the final plan under 0.45ha, 0.21ha and 0.17ha, respectively. The associated total gross margin was N153, 003.99. In the sensitivity analysis associated with the observed average resources, only NPK, SSP, Laraforce were binding resources. The study recommended that the optimum enterprises and resources combination obtained in the Linear Programming output should be extended to the farmers to enhance their profit level, beside; farmers should be encouraged through adequate support and promotions to improve the production techniques of these recommended enterprises.

Outcome of intercropping garlic with brinjal for the small holder farmers of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Islam ◽  
M. F. Hossain ◽  
M. A.K. Mian ◽  
J. Hossain ◽  
M. A. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Monetary Return ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Equivalent Yield

The objective of the experiment was to find out the best combination and efficiency the productivity of garlic for intercropping at different planting densities with brinjal. The treatment combinations were brinjal 100% + garlic 70%, brinjal 100% + garlic 60%, brinjal 100% + garlic 50%, brinjal 100% + garlic 40%, brinjal 100% + garlic 30% with sole crop of brinjal. A randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Different intercropping combinations were evaluated by performed on basis of several intercropping indices such as land equivalent ratio (LER), competitive ratio (CR), monetary advantages index (MAI), replacement value of intercrops (RVI) and economics performance. The monetary return of intercropping of garlic with brinjal with different planting ratio was significantly higher as compared to sole cropping of brinjal. The highest brinjal equivalent yield (91.65 t ha-1), gross return (Tk.1374800 ha-1), gross margin (Tk.1003426 ha-1), BCR (3.70) and LER (2.65) were in intercropping of brinjal 100% + garlic 70% compared to other intercropping combination and sole cropping of brinjal. Brinjal 100% + garlic 60% showed same BCR in intercropping. The study also revealed that brinjal 100% + garlic 70% intercropping system exhibited higher MAI (Tk. 855950 ha-1) and replacement value of intercropping (5.34) compared to the other planting ratio and the sole crop.

Impact of Optimal Cropping Patterns on Incomes in a Punjab District

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
M. Arshad Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Optimal Cropping

To improve farm incomes in developing countries, the foremost question that the farmer must address himself to is: what cropping pattern best uses the fixed resources in order to get the highest returns? During the last decade, the agricultural economists have shown great interest in applying the tools of linear programming to individual farms. Most of the studies conducted elsewhere have shown that, under existing cropping pattern, farm resources were not being utilized optimally on the small farms.[l, 4]. We conducted a survey in the canal-irrigated areas of the Punjab province of Pakistan1 to investigate into the same problem. This short note aims at identifying the opti¬mal cropping pattern and to estimate the increase in farm incomes as a result of a switch towards it on the sampled farms.

MAKSIMASI KEUNTUNGAN USAHA PUKAT CINCIN DI NEGERI LATUHALAT PADA MUSIM TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Willem Talakua ◽  
Eygner Gerald Talakua
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Profit Analysis ◽  
Business Profit ◽  
Programming Analysis

The purpose of this study is to study the maximization of business profits through the determination of the optimal use of production factors in the trawl ring business in Latuhalat. Observations and direct interviews based on questionnaires were carried out on 3 fishermen who owned trawl ring businesses in 3 hamlets in Latuhalat. Data were analyzed using business profit analysis methods and linear programming analysis. The results showed that: 1). The optimal use of production factors for trawling by the respondents in Latuhalat is 41 - 45 trips in June using 15.2 - 21.1 liters of gasoline, 280.9 - 304.4 liters of gasoline, 10.1 - 21 , 2 liters of oil, using labor as much as 15-17 people for 8 hours / day, and using transportation and FAD services as much as 351.3 - 360 HOK or 8 hours per day; and 2). The maximum profit that can be obtained from trawling rings by respondents in Latuhalat is Rp. 165,545,500 - up to Rp. 184,800,000, - in June. To achieve this maximum profit, respondents need to produce 25,270.3 kg of fish to 27,540.98 kg in June.

scholarly journals Crop productivity as affected by fertilizer management options in Boro -T.aman cropping pattern at farmers' fields

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
M Akkas Ali ◽  
M Robiul Alam ◽  
MSH Molla ◽  
F Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

The experiment was conducted at multilocation testing (MLT) site, Sujanagar, Pabna during the year of 2003-2004 to find out a soil test based economically viable fertilizer recommendation for the cropping pattern Boro-T. aman. Six treatments viz., moderate yield goal (MYG), high yield goal (HYG), integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS), recommended fertilizer of FRG' 97 (BARC) guide (RF), farmers' practice (FP), and absolute control were employed for the study. The grain yield of Boro and T. aman rice increased 18 and 14%, respectively, by IPNS compared to farmers' practice. Total grain yield of rice was increased by about 16% in the IPNS fertilizer package compared to farmers' practice. Fertilizer nutrients supplied both from organic and inorganic sources in adequate amount have a positive effect on productivity of soil. On an average it was found that highest grain yields of Boro rice (5.37 t/ha) and T. aman (4.49 t/ha) were obtained from integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS) where farmers’ practice gave yield of 4.55 and 3.94 t/ha. The highest average gross margin (70385 Tk./ha) and marginal benefit cost ratio (3.78) was also obtained from IPNS plots. Keywords: Crop productivity; fertilizer management; cropping pattern. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i2.5892Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(2) : 287-296, June 2010

scholarly journals Economic analysis of smallholder maize farmers: implications for public extension services in Eastern Cape

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Agbugba ◽  
M. Christian ◽  
A. Obi
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Smallholder Farmer ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Gross Margins

ABSTRACT This study sought to determine the economics of maize farmers in Amatole District, Eastern Cape. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select hundred and nine (109) smallholder farmers (homestead and irrigators). Descriptive statistics and gross margin analysis were used to determine the economics and profitability of maize in the study area. Findings indicated that majority (66 per cent) of them were men with an average age of 61 years old, majority (69 per cent) were married, with mean household size of 4 persons and household heads having some primary education. Moreover, majority (76 per cent) of the farmers depended on irrigation technology; majority (33 per cent) of the famers spent between 9 and 11 years of experience in farming; majority (89 per cent) of the respondents in the study area were dependent on farming as their major occupation and livelihood. Pertaining to land acquisition, majority (48%) of the farmers believed that the traditional or community leaders set rules and regulations regarding land acquisition. From the profitability analysis, smallholder farmer irrigators generated significantly higher yield, total revenues and gross margins more than the homestead gardeners at 5, 10 and 5 per cent levels, respectively. Moreover, homestead gardeners spent more money in purchase of inputs and this may have contributed to their low gross margins. On the other hand, smallholder-farmer irrigators who incur less input costs have higher chances of benefiting from price discounts and transport offer by input suppliers than the homestead gardeners. This results in smallholder farmer irrigators wielding more profits, thereby creating more income and wealth which is pivotal in the improvement of farmers' livelihoods. Keywords: Economics, profitability, Maize farmers, Extension service, Eastern Cape.

scholarly journals EVALUASI BIAYA AGGREGATE PLANNING PADA PERUSAHAAN MJNUMAN RINGAN P.T.COCA COLA TIRTALINA BOTLING COMPANY UNIT JAWA TIMUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Rahayu Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Storage Cost ◽  
The Third ◽  
Programming Analysis ◽  
Product Storage

In order to efficient costs related with enormous production quantity, in less than a year a company should balance its resources compare to the plan so that the cost could be minimized. This research is about aggregate planning cost of a soft drink company, P.T. COCA-COLA TIRTALINA BOTTLING COMPANY East Java Unit. Cost elements of the company including: product storage cost, raw material storage cost, and direct workers cost. A specific and thorough account of available input usage is needed in order to balance production level with the company's resources, and this accounting process required an analysis model that could the amount of minimum cost in a plann ing process.The research 'purpose is to evaluate efficiency lebel of aggregate planning cost at a soft drink company, PT COCA COLA TIRTALINA BOTTLING COMPANY East Java Unit. The evaluated aggregate planning data are those three-moonth plans from the third three-moonth period of 1996 until the second three-moonth period of 1999. Based on high demands and aggregate planning cost realization the company had spent, if the accounting  output  using  linear  programming   analysis  model  is  less  (<)   than  the aggregate planning cost realization the company had spen, it could be said that PT. COCA TIRTALINA BOTTLING COMPAN'Y East Java Unit aggregate planning cost is notyet optimal (efficient).Research, results show that accounting using linear programming analysis model has less accounts compared to company's aggregate planning cost is not yet optimal (efficient). While the cause of aggregate planning cost inejfciency at a soft drink company, PT. COCA COLA TIRTALINA BOTTLING COMPANY East Java unit, are:- Jn product storage cost, this cost element is efficient enough because it is related to the company's policy   to anticipate expired products in the market possibility and to maintain product's quality.- Jn raw material storage cost, it could be said that the aggregate planning cost inefficiency main cause is this cost element because of high storage cost of cocentrate material and soda-brix. This high cost is related to the company's concentrate raw material supply by using dropping system- In direct works cost, the inefficiency cause is idle capacity happenings, especially on machine operators, they work ejfective(v only for  30 minutes in an hour working time. In this section a lot of time is wasted for preparations for supervising and for cleaning thefloor from broken glasses that always happens. Inefficiency also caused by the 21 hour working time that divided into 3 shifts, because on the third shift the way workers work are greatly influenced by their physical condition, they are exhausted, sleepy, and lacking of supervision, they work slow.

The tolerance approach to sensitivity analysis in network linear programming

Networks ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ravi ◽  
Richard E. Wendell
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Tolerance Approach
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