STATUS KEBERLANJUTAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN MINAPOLITAN PERIKANAN BUDIDAYA DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT

This study aims to determine the existing conditions, analyze the level of sustainability and formulate priority policies for the development of the minapolitan Region in West Seram Regency. The analytical method used in this study includes descriptive analysis, Rapfish analysis, and Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP). An assessment of the existing conditions shows that the geographical location is a potensial area, has superior commodities, and production units, limited of facilities and processing infrastructure, and the lack of market information and marketing institutions to support the business process and needs to be improved in order to develop the minabisnis in minapolitan area. The analytical results of the sustainable status in the ecological, economic and institutional dimensions obtain an index value that is quite sustainable, and the social dimension in technology receives a index value in a sustainable manner. Institutional factor is a criterion that becomes the main priority in the direction of the development of the minapolitan area in Kotania Bay. So that it is necessary to increase the role of local government to optimally utilize the potential of aquaculture.

KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN PERIKANAN HUHATE DI MALUKU

Skipjack resources are quite potential in Maluku waters and are generally caught with pole and line. Skipjack is an important economic commodity with the aim of domestic and export markets, so it is expected to improve the welfare of the community. The purpose of this study is to formulate a pole and line fisheries development policy strategy in Maluku. The analytical method uses the SWOT approach technique and continued with AHP. Policy priorities for pole and line fisheries development in Maluku include: (1) optimal utilization of fishery resources; (2) empowering fishing communities; (3) government and private collaboration in the field of fisheries; (4) increasing business productivity; (5) market development through product quality improvement; (6) increasing capital assistance for business development; (7) strengthening the quality of fishermen's resources; and (8) supervision and law enforcement in the field of fisheries.

KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA PERIKANAN HUHATE DI KECAMATAN SAPARUA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

Saparua is a district in Central Maluku Regency which has 8 units of huhate (pole and line) fishing fleet and can be operated throughout the season. This condition shows that this business should be able to provide benefits, both for the owners and fishermen. However, the utilizing of skipjack resources that have exceeded the MSY value and also the substantial operational costs cause income to decline. Therefore this study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of the pole and line fisheries business in Saparua District. A survey for 5 pole and line business units in Saparua was conducted to obtain data, which were then analyzed by using several investment criteria such as NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return), and B / C (Benefit Cost Ratio). The results show that: 1). The implementation of business management is still simple, but the tasks division among fishermen is clear. The decision is generally made by the owner. The frequency of fishing depends on the fishing season. During the west season, the fishing ground is in Banda Sea to the southern part of Seram Sea, while in the eastern season is in the northern part of Seram Sea; 2). Based on the pattern of revenue sharing, the average fishermen's income / month is lower than the minimum wage provincial (UMP) in Maluku; and 3). The highest economic benefit is achieved by the 4th pole and line unit, as well as the B / C Ratio criteria index so that it becomes a development priority because B / C Ratio shows the comparison of sacrifice (output) and results (input).

TRADISI LOKAL MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN KONSERVASI PULAU YAMDENA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGGARA BARAT

West Southeast Maluku Regency is one of the districts in Maluku Province. This regency has several large and small islands. One of the big islands is Yamdena Island. This island has been designated by the government as a water conservation area. This area is an important area for several marine species such as turtles, dugongs, whales and dolphins and plays an important role in the ecological connectivity of waters through local governance. The purpose of this study is to describe local traditions in the management of territorial waters in the Yamdena Island conservation area. The method used is a social survey method. The approach adopted was focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The analysis used is descriptive qualitative. This research shows that some villages still apply local traditions, namely sasi teripang and kima. Another tradition is the existence of prohibitions and sanctions in the management of marine resources made orally by the village government along with traditional institutions and local organizations. This local tradition was made since ancestors and is still ongoing to this day as a form of conservation of marine resources in order to remain sustainable and sustainable.

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KERUSAKAN TERUMBU KARANG DI TELUK AMBON DALAM

The coral reefs in Inner Ambon Bay are in the bad category or can even be said to be almost gone where the percentage of coral cover is very small. Efforts to deal with damage to coral reefs have been carried out through rehabilitation programs in Ambon Bay. One of the recommendations given through this program is the need for the participation of coastal communities near the coral transplantation site. It is expected that a good / positive community perception of the existence of coral reefs will encourage the community to participate in efforts to repair damaged coral reefs. For this reason, this research aims to assess public perceptions of damage to coral reefs in Inner Ambon Bay. The survey method was conducted on 318 samples of household heads for primary data collection using a Likert scale questionnaire. The data is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that people's perception of coral reefs in Inner Ambon Bay was "know". This means that people have knowledge about coral reefs, the benefits of coral reefs, and damage to coral reefs. For this reason, local governments need to manage coral reefs at Inner Ambon Bay in collaboration with local communities, through the establishment of coral reef management institutions at the village level or to utilize coastal and marine management institutions or Kewang institutions in Poka Village, Hunuth Village, and Halong Village to conduct various coral reef rehabilitation program activities.

KELAYAKAN USAHA POLE AND LINE DI NEGERI HATIVE KECIL KOTA AMBON

Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) is a superior commodity of Maluku which is generally caught by pole and line. This pole and line business in Maluku, especially in Ambon is currently faced some problems including the availability of live bait, distant of fishing ground that have impact on fishing trips and operational costs. Even the investment of this business is quite large, but it is managed simply. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of pole and line fisheries business in Negeri Hative Kecil, Ambon. The survey was conducted on 5 pole and line business units and the data obtained were analyzed with 4 investment criterias. The results show that 1). The average fixed costs, variable costs and revenues of the 5 pole and line business units during the year amounted to Rp 80,566,238; Rp. 72,571,200 and Rp. 878,034,000; and 2). The five pole and line business units in Negeri Hative Kecil are feasible to be developed. The highest NPV value is the second unit, Rp 298,623,599; IRR 38.33%; B/C value 3.04 with a payback period (PP) 1.17 years.

EFISIENSI TEKNIS DAN EKONOMI PERIKANAN TUNA HAND LINE DI NEGERI TIAL KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

The resources of large pelagic including tuna (Thunnus sp) in Maluku are quite potential with moderate status and must be utilized optimally. In Tial, the utilizing of these resources uses hand lines; especially fishing line. Tuna hand line is classified as small-scale fisheries which has various problems. One of it is fishing inputs allocation that leads to inefficient. This study in general aims to analyze the hand line tuna fisheries business based on technical and economical efficiency. It was conducted by using survey method in Tial, Central Maluku Regency for 20 units hand line fishermen. Data was analized by Cobb-Douglas production function approach to identify efficient inputs; several financial parameters to determine business feasibility; and CPUE to measure the level of technical productivity. The results show that efficient production factors are fishermen’s fishing experience and fishing frequency. During the four months of observation, all business units made an average profit of Rp 31,199,139 or Rp 458,810.86/trip. R/C and PP parameters show that the business is feasible to be developed; while the largest ROI (135.2%) is in the 18th business unit. Business units that have CPUE >1 are unit 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 9th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th. Based on several technical-economical measurements, the hand line tuna fishery business in Tial is efficient and feasible to be developed

PRODUKTIVITAS DAN RESIKO USAHA PURSE SEINE DI NEGERI LATUHALAT

The decline of small pelagic resources production in Ambon sea waters during a certain season has an impact on the continuity of the purse seine business in Latuhalat Village. This poses a high business risk, given that capture fisheries have different characteristics. This study aims to calculate the productivity and risk of purse seine business in Latuhalat. Survey was conducted to collect primary data to 5 purse seine business owners in Latuhalat as respondents, and productivity calculations were carried out based on comparison of production values ​​and total costs, as well as business risk calculations based on probability density. The results showed that the purse seine business in Latuhalat was productive with a value of 1.28 for respondents 1, 2, 3 and 5; and 1.30 for respondents 4 during March to May. The risk of purse seine business in Latuhalat from March to May (west season) is high because each respondent has the potential to experience losses of Rp10,140,219.45 / month, Rp5,906,561.73 / month, Rp5,280,774.25 / month, Rp4. 463,428.57 / month and Rp. 5,173,572,36 / month.

EFISIENSI DAN KEBERLANJUTAN USAHA PURSE SEINE DI KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH DAN KOTA AMBON

The level of purse seine business income is determined by the efficient allocation of resources for alternative capture fisheries activities. If resources are not used efficiently, there will be unexploited potential to increase income and create surpluses. Conversely, if resources are allocated efficiently, additional capture fisheries can be obtained through growth-oriented development efforts. Therefore, it is important to identify the efficient use of resources to determine the existence of purse seine fisheries. The results show that the estimated technical efficiency of the catch with SPF (Stochastic Production Frontier) analysis for purse seine fisheries in Central Maluku Regency and Ambon was influenced by the length and width of fishing gear, number of fishermen, amount of investment value and time of capture operations. The minimum value of catch technical efficiency is 0.10 and the maximum is 0.99 with an average 0.48. Factors influencing the technical inefficiency of fishing are the experience of captain and the education level of fishermen. Purse seine fishery business in Central Maluku Regency and Ambon City is feasible to be developed, showing by NPV value Rp. 30,514,684 / year, IRR 23.97% and B / C ratio 5.85. The average return on investment (PP) based on the analysis is 2.16 years, with BEP price Rp. 6,606 and BEP production 3,765 kgs. The main priorities of purse seine fisheries development policy strategy in Central Maluku Regency and Ambon are the development of assistance to fishing groups, the development of appropriate technology to handle catches, increase fisheries production, and infrastructures development.

KELAYAKAN USAHA KERAMBA JARING APUNG DENGAN SISTEM MONOKULTUR DAN POLIKULTUR DI TANJUNG MARTHAFONS KOTA AMBON

Fish culture in floating net cages can be done through monoculture and polyculture systems. Those systems have been carried out technically by farmers in Tanjung Marthaalfons Ambon Bay. The development of fish culture business does not only pay attention to technical issues, but also the level of fish mortality and operational costs. Thus, this business needs to be evaluated financially. Through survey, the data was collected from key informants, and analyzed in qualitative and quantitative descriptive method. The result shows that fish farming business with floating net cages in Tanjung Marthaalfons Ambon Bay in financially feasible to be developed. When the income is compared to regional minimum wage of Maluku, fish culture business with polyculture system is more profitable because the income is above the regional minimum wage value of Rp. 3,645,698 / month. The value of return on investment and revenue cost ratio of fish culture with polyculture systems is higher than monoculture systems, and its payback period is faster than monoculture systems.