scholarly journals Carbon Stock and Storage Capacity of Tree Species in Strict Nature Reserve of Omo Biosphere Reserve, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Rosemary Egodi Ubaekwe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

Carbon is the main casual factor for global warming and climate change. Increased industrialization is known to be the chief contributor to increased atmospheric carbon concentration. Forest ecosystem plays significant role as a major terrestrial carbon sinks that reduces atmospheric carbon concentration. This study assessed the amount of carbon sequestered in the Strict Nature Reserve (SNR) of Omo Biosphere Reserve and the contribution of individual tree species to the carbon stocks. A non-destructive approach was deployed in the study. Systematic random sampling technique was used to demarcate 20 sample plots of 30x30 m. In each sample plot, all tree species (DBH ≥ 10 cm) were identified and measured for their total heights while diameter were measured at breast height (DBH), base, medium and top. Findings indicated 616 stems/ha in the reserve, Strombosia pustulata (63stems/ha) had the highest tree population. Diversity indices showed that the reserve is rich in tree species diversity with potentials for incessant growth due to the existence of young trees in the lower canopy. The high biomass and carbon storage of the tree species revealed the contribution of the reserve to climate change mitigation through co2 absorption from the atmosphere. Ceiba pentandra (9stems/ha) contributed most (26.14%) to the entire carbon stock in the reserve. However higher stem density of tree species hectare-1 did not translate to higher percentage of carbon stock input of the tree species to the entire carbon stock of the reserve. Trees with higher DBH and wood density store more carbon than trees with lesser DBH and wood density. Thus, tree species ability to sequester more carbon is dependent on its DBH and wood density, rather than its population. The need to conserve and increase the tree species diversity is implicated in the study.

scholarly journals Estimation of Ecosystem Carbon Stock and Tree Species Diversity at National Botanical Garden, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Md. Delwar Hossain ◽  
Md. Ehsanul Haq ◽  
Manna Salwa ◽  
Md. Nazmul Islam Shekh ◽  
Aisha Siddika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon

The study was conducted from January to April 2018 to estimate ecosystem carbon stock and tree species diversity at National Botanical Garden, Bangladesh. Transects line method square plots with a size of 20 m × 20 m were used. So altogether there were total eighty-three sample plots in National Botanical Garden. Above ground carbon (AGC) and below ground carbon (BGC) biomass stock was 192.67 and 31.34, respectively and soil organic carbon mean value of 27.52 Mg ha-1, 21.45 Mg ha-1 and 16.23 Mg ha-1, respectively for 0-10 cm depth, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm depth. The average number of tree species per hectare was 128 with a mean value of each plot 3.00 to 9.00 species. The average number of trees in National Botanical Garden (233 tree ha-1), basal area (21.45 m2 ha-1) and mean DBH (39.86 cm). Tree diversity range from 0.25 to 1.86 and the mean value of (0.93 ± 0.14) in National Botanical Garden. A relationship such as biomass carbon with the basal area, mean DBH, stem density and tree diversity were estimated. Among these, the relationship between basal area and biomass carbon showed positive significant correlation. Therefore, the results of the study confirmed that the selected botanical garden can serve as a valuable ecological tool in terms of carbon sequestration, diverse tree species and storage of soil organic carbon.

scholarly journals Assessment of tree species diversity and above-ground biomass in two disturbed tropical dry evergreen forests of Coromandel coast of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 981-992
Author(s):  
Elumalai Pandian ◽  
Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy ◽  
Balaraman Tamil Selvan
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Coromandel Coast

The tree diversity and carbon stock of all woody plants were investigated in two-hectare square plots (100 m x 100 m) were established in Suryanpet (SP) and Velleripet (VP) which is tropical dry evergreen forest (TDEF) sites on the Coromandel Coast of peninsular India. All trees ? 10 cm girth at breast height measured at 1.3 m from the rooting point were enumerated. A total of 35 tree species (? 10 cm gbh) belonging to 34 genera and 23 families were recorded in tropical dry evergreen forests. Tree species richness in 27 (dominant species Dimorphocalyx glabellus Thw.) and 18 (dominant species Strychnos nux-vomica L.) in SP and VP respectively. A total density of woody plants 671 and 1154 individuals in SP and VP respectively. The basal area of trees in the two study sites SP (40.70 m2 ha-1) and VP (45.46 m2 ha-1). Most abundant families are Loganiaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Rutaceae and its family index value (FIV) is 56.14, 39.12 and 21.40 respectively. The aboveground biomass (AGB) of trees totaled in site SP (405.3 Mg ha-1) and VP (721.3 Mg ha-1). The extent of tree species diversity and estimated carbon stock of the TDEF sites, which provides the baseline data on the floristic structure and diversity of this forest for better management and conservation.

The role of alpha and beta diversity in buffering the effects of intensifying natural disturbance regimes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Sebald ◽  
Timothy Thrippleton ◽  
Werner Rammer ◽  
Harald Bugmann ◽  
Rupert Seidl
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Disturbance Regimes ◽  
The Impact

<div> <div> <div> <p>Forests are strongly affected by climatic changes, but impacts vary between tree species and prevailing site conditions. A number of studies suggest that increasing tree species diversity is a potent management strategy to decrease climate change impacts in general, and increase the resilience of forest ecosystems to changing disturbance regimes. However, most studies to date have focused on stand-level diversity in tree species (alpha diversity), which is often difficult to implement in operational forest management. Inter-species competition requires frequent management interventions to maintain species mixture and complicates the production of high-quality stemwood. An alternative option to increasing alpha diversity is to increase tree species diversity between forest stands (beta diversity). Here we quantify the effects of alpha and beta diversity on the impact of forest disturbances under climate change. We conducted a simulation experiment applying two forest landscape models (i.e. iLand and LandClim) in two landscapes with strongly contrasting environmental conditions in Central Europe. Simulations investigate different levels of tree species diversity (no diversity, low diversity and high diversity) in different spatial arrangements (alpha diversity, beta diversity). Subsequently a standard forest management regime and a series of prescribed disturbances are applied over 200 years. By analyzing biomass values relative to a no-disturbance run, variation in biomass over time and the number of trees > 30 cm dbh per hectare, we isolate the effect of tree species diversity on the resistance of forests to disturbances.</p> </div> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Anthropogenic Pressure on Tree Species Diversity, Composition, and Growth of Balanites aegyptiaca in Dinder Biosphere Reserve, Sudan

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Elmugheira M. I. Mohammed ◽  
Elhag A. M. H. ◽  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi ◽  
Anna C. Treydte
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Disturbed Site

Anthropogenic disturbances, such as illegal harvesting and livestock browsing, often affect natural forests. However, the resulting tree species diversity, composition, and population structure have rarely been quantified. We assessed tree species diversity and importance value indices and, in particular, Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. population structure, across 100 sample plots of 25 m × 40 m in disturbed and non-disturbed sites at the Dinder Biosphere Reserve, Sudan, from April 2019 to April 2020. We found that the tree species diversity in non-disturbed sites was more than double that of disturbed sites (p < 0.001, T = 32.6), and seedlings and saplings comprised more than 72% of the entire tree population (F2,48 = 116.4, p = 0.034; F2,48 = 163.2, p = 0.021, respectively). The tree density of B. aegyptiaca in the disturbed site was less than half that of the non-disturbed site (p = 0.018, T = 2.6). Balanites aegyptiaca was seven times more aggregated in disturbed sites compared to more regularly spaced trees in non-disturbed sites (T = 39.3 and p < 0.001). The poor B. aegyptiaca population status of the disturbed site shows that the conservation of this vulnerable species is essential for a sustainable management and utilization scheme.

scholarly journals TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY, STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CARBON STOCK IN A ONE-HECTARE PLOT OF THE PROTECTION FOREST AREA IN WEST LAMPUNG REGENCY, INDONESIA

REINWARDTIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Muhammad Heriyanto ◽  
Ismayadi Samsoedin ◽  
Kuswata Kartawinata
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Protection Forest

HERIYANTO, N. M.,  SAMSOEDIN,  I. & KARTAWINATA, K. 2018. Tree species diversity, structural characteristics and carbon stock in a one-hectare plot of the protection forest area in West Lampung Regency, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 18(1): 1‒18. — A study of species composition, structure and carbon stock in the lower montane forest in the Register 45B of  the protection forest area  in the Tri Budi Syukur  District, Kebun Tebu Village, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province was conducted in September 2016. The objective of the study was to undertake quantified measurements of floristic composition and structure of and carbon storage in the lower montane forest at 965 m asl in the protection forest area.  A one hectare plot (100 m × 100 m) was established   randomly. The plot was further divided into 25 subplots of 20 m × 20 m each to record trees. Quadrats of 5 m × 5 m for saplings and subquadrats of 2 m × 2 m for seedlings were nested in the tree subplots. We recorded  247 trees with diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm representing 25 species and 19 families, with a total basal area of 59.14 m2. Overall including seedlings and saplings we recorded 31 species.  The species richness was very low due to disturbances, and was the lowest compared to that of other forests in Sumatra, Kalimantan and Java. The dominant species in terms of importance values (IV) were Litsea cf. fulva (IV=77.02), Lithocarpus reinwardtii (IV=45.21) and Altingia excelsa (IV=26.95). Dominant species in seedling and sapling stages were Polyalthia lateriflora (IV=27.54) and Memecylon multiflorum (IV=41.58).  Biomass and carbon stock of trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm was 50.87 ton/ha and 25.43 ton C/ha, respectively. Regeneration was poor. Structurally and floristically the forest was a developing disturbed forest and the composition  will remain unchanged in many years to come. The successions leading to terminal communities similar to the original conditions would be very slow and should be assisted and enhanced by applying ecological restoration through planting tree species native to the site.   

scholarly journals Biodiversity and climate change: consequences for upper tree line in Slovakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Minďaš ◽  
Jana Škvareninová
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Gap Model ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Model Calculations

Abstract Study of the effects of climate change on upper tree limit has mainly focused on the diversity of tree species as a result of the ability of species to tolerate temperature and moisture changes as well as some effects of disturbance regime changes. The tree species diversity changes due to climate change has been analysed via gap model and biodiversity indices. Gap models are individually based on simulations of establishment, growth, and mortality of each tree on the forest plot. Input ecological data for model calculations have been taken from the permanent research plots located in primeval forests in mountainous regions in Slovakia. The results of regional scenarios of the climatic change for the territory of Slovakia have been used, from which the values according to the CGCM3.1 (global) model, KNMI and MPI (regional) models. Model results for conditions of the climate change scenarios suggest a shift of the upper forest limit to the region of the present subalpine zone, in supramontane zone. The most significant tree species diversity changes have been identified for the upper tree line and current belt of dwarf pine (Pinus mugo) occurrence. Hill’s index of biodiversity in the upper forest line increased by 30 – 35% for horizon of 2050, resp. by 45 – 50% modeled for the horizon of 2075. Calculated values of Shannon’s index show an even higher increase due to climate change. For horizon 2050 is a roughly of three fold increase and horizon for 2075 by almost fivefold increase in the value of the index. Results from the gap model indicate the increase of tree species diversity 2 – 2,5 times.

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