scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Performance Evaluation of Cowpea [(Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] Accessions on High Altitude of Jos Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
D. Timon ◽  
E. H. Kwon- Ndung
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Jos Plateau ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
And Performance

The present study was carried out to evaluate the genetic variability and performance evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) accessions with the objective of selecting accessions with the best adaptability and potentiality for upgrading grain yield and other related traits on high altitude of Jos plateau. A field experiment was therefore carried out at Dagwom farm at the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) Vom, in Jos South Local Government area of Plateau state, during the 2013 and 2014 rainy seasons. The treatments consisted of eighty (80) cowpea g accessions obtained from International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in two replicates. The result was analysed using (ANOVA) model and showed significant difference at (P<0.01) among the entries for all the characters accessed. High phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV) compared with genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) coupled with low environmental coefficient of variability (ECV) were observed for all the yield and related traits accessed. High broad sense heritability (h2) coupled with high genetic advance (GAM %) attributed to high additive gene effect observed for all the characters observed in this study, except days to maturity which recorded high heritability with moderate genetic advance. In terms of performance, TVU-2972 and TVU-2174 were selected as accessions with high establishment capacity, TVU-4578 and TVU-7705 were selected as the early maturing accessions, while TVU-10431 was selected as the bold seeded genotype. The highest grain yield was produced by TVU-3188 and TVU-7918. All the above accessions were selected based on their high mean performance compared to other accessions. There is, therefore, need for hybridization between these selected accessions for evolving unique varieties of cowpea on high altitude area of Jos plateau.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Its Implications on Early Generation Sorghum Lines Selection for Yield, Yield Contributing Traits, and Resistance to Sorghum Midge

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massaoudou Hamidou ◽  
Abdoul Kader M. Souley ◽  
Issoufou Kapran ◽  
Oumarou Souleymane ◽  
Eric Yirenkyi Danquah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Sorghum Midge ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Panicle Weight

Sorghum is the second most important cereal crop in Niger. The crop is grown in a wide range of ecological environments in the country. However, sorghum grain yield in Niger is limited by both abiotic and biotic constraints. Recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of a local variety with a midge resistant variety and two local checks were evaluated during the 2015 rainy season across two planting dates in two environments in Niger. The objective was to investigate genetic variability for yield, yield related traits, and resistance to sorghum midge. High phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) versus genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was observed in both sites and planting dates. Across planting dates at both Konni and Maradi, grain yield, plant height, panicle weight, and midge damage had high heritability coupled with high estimates of genetic advance. At Konni, high genetic advance coupled with high heritability was detected for grain yield, plant height, panicle weight, and resistance to midge. There were similar results at Maradi for grain yield, plant height, and panicle weight. Therefore, selection might be successful for the above characters in their respective environments.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for growth, yield and yield related traits in maize genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Roshesh Rai ◽  
Prakash Khanal ◽  
Prabin Chaudhary ◽  
Rabin Dhital
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Ear Height

Evaluation of the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of traits is an essential task in any plant improvement program. Twenty maize genotypes were replicated twice in a randomized complete block design on a research plot of Prithu Technical College, Deukhuri Dang of Nepal from June 2017 to September 2017 to determine genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for different agronomic traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in the traits tassel length, ear height, days to fifty percent tasseling, days to fifty percent silking, kernels’ rows ear-1, kernels row-1 and grain yield. The highest GCV (31.53%) and PCV (39.20%) were recorded on grain yield. Grain yield and ear height recorded high heritability along with high genetic advance as a percent of mean (GAM). Tassel length and kernels row-1 showed high heritability integrated with moderate GAM and moderate heritability integrated with moderate GAM respectively. Further, grain yield showed a significant and positive correlation with plant height, tassel length, ear height, cob length, cob diameter, kernels’ rows ear-1, and kernels row-1. Thus the selection of ear height, tassel length and kernels row-1 is suggested as they performed better in terms of both heritability and GAM than other traits and they also recorded a significant and positive correlation with yield.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic variability and character association for grain yield and its component traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 797-804
Author(s):  
Satnam Singh Nagar ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
S.R. Vishwakarma ◽  
Gyanendra Singh ◽  
B. S. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study was conducted for estimating genetic variability and characters association for eleven yield components using 169 genotypes (13 parents, 78 F1 and 78 F2) of bread wheat through half-diallel mating design during rabi season 2012-13 and 2013-14. The genetic variability, heritability in broad sense, genetic advance, correlation coefficients and path analysis were carried out for the assessment of genotypes through eleven yield component traits namely; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per spikelet, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, harvest index and grain yield per plant. Analysis of variance showed significant differences (at1% level of significance) for all the traits under study in both the generations (F1 and F2). The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high for plant height followed by number of effective tillers per plant, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, while high heritability coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for plant height and spike length in both F1 and F2 generations, respectively. Grain yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with a number of effective tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant and harvest index while significantly but negatively associated with plant height. Path analysis revealed that the traits namely biological yield per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, plant height and harvest index exhibited positive direct effects on grain yield at both phenotypic and genotypic level in both generation (F1 and F2). These results, thereby suggests that yield improvement in breads wheats could be possible by emphasizing these traits while making selections in early generations.

scholarly journals Estimating Heritability and Genetic Advance in Bambara Groundnut

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
O. A. T. Namo ◽  
A. Damfami
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Net Assimilation

Aim: Bambara groundnut compares favourably with cowpea in terms of nutritional and economic values. The crop is, however, characterised by variable and unpredictable yields. Recently, there has been growing interest in the potential of the crop to contribute to food security in the sub-Sahara Africa. Therefore, there is the need for increased research attention, especially in the aspect of yield improvement. The selection of a superior genotype in a breeding programme depends on the amount of genetic variability present and the extent to which the characters are inherited and advanced. This study was aimed to estimate heritability and genetic advance in the Bambara groundnut. Place and Duration of the Study: The experiment was carried out in Kuru, Plateau State, Nigeria, during the rainy season between June and October 2018. Methodology: Nine genotypes of Bambara groundnut were laid out in the field using the randomised complete block design in five replicates. Genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, environmental variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, broad sense heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance as percent of  population mean were computed from analysis of variance tables using the respective mean squares for each of the parameters studied. Results: Results of the study showed significant differences amongst genotypes for emergence rate, plant height, number of leaves and dry matter content. The coefficient of variability ranged from 7.56 % for plant height to 45.95 % for total grain yield. The phenotypic coefficient of variability was generally higher than the genotypic and environmental coefficients of variability for all the traits studied. Low heritability estimates were observed for number of days to onset of flowering, number of days to 50 % flowering, leaf area index, harvest index, stand count, pods per plant, shelling %, seeds per pod, dry matter content and total grain yield.  Moderate heritability estimates were observed for plant height, leaf number per plant and net assimilation rate. High estimates of heritability were observed for emergence rate and relative growth rate. The genetic  advance as percent  of  population mean ( GAM) was low for plant height,  days to onset of flowering and 50 % flowering, harvest index, pods per plant, shelling  %, 100-seed weight  and dry matter content. GAM was high for emergence rate, leaf number per plant, leaf area index, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, seed number per pod and total grain yield. Conclusion: The coefficient of variability was generally high for many of the attributes studied. Similarly, the phenotypic coefficient of variability was higher than the environmental and genotypic coefficients of variability for all the attributes studied. Heritability estimates were high for emergence rate and relative growth rate but moderate for plant height, number of leaves per plant and net assimilation rate. Genetic advance as percent of population mean was high for emergence rate, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, number of seeds per pod and total grain yield, suggesting the involvement of both additive and non-additive genes in the expression of these characters. Therefore, these traits can be considered as major selection indices in the improvement of the Bambara groundnut in the Jos-Plateau environment.   

scholarly journals Genetic variability study in F2 population of tetraploid dicoccum wheat crosses

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 773-778
Author(s):  
Channappagouda Patil ◽  
Deepak Koujalagi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
The Cross ◽  
High Degree

The aim of the present investigation was to estimate the genetic variability parameters in Wheat (Triticum dicoccum) F2 population of the cross DDK1025 X ML-1. The traits involved in study were grain yield, threshability, rachis percent and other yield contributing traits such as tiller number, number of grains per spike, number of spikelet’s per spike, etc. and the genetic variability parameters estimated are mean, range, Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), heritability and genetic advance over mean. The results obtained from the study reveals higher mean and wider range for all the traits especially for plant height, tiller number, spikelets per spike, number of grains per spikelet, spike length, grain yield per plant, threshability and rachis. High degree of PCV with moderate GCV was observed for the traits like number of tiller per plant (20.96 PCV and 15.96 GCV), number of grains per spike (21.92 PCV and 18.79 GCV), rachis % (22.5 PCV and 19.10 GCV) and grain yield per plant (20.07 PCV and 18.10) . Heritability and genetic advance was recorded to high for all the traits in both the populations. On the basis of an overall consideration of the genetic variability parameters it may be concluded that F2 population of the cross, DDK-1025 x ML-1 have the potential source for improving the yield and its associated traits and also offering some scope in altering the plant height.

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