Genetic Variability and Its Implications on Early Generation Sorghum Lines Selection for Yield, Yield Contributing Traits, and Resistance to Sorghum Midge

Sorghum is the second most important cereal crop in Niger. The crop is grown in a wide range of ecological environments in the country. However, sorghum grain yield in Niger is limited by both abiotic and biotic constraints. Recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of a local variety with a midge resistant variety and two local checks were evaluated during the 2015 rainy season across two planting dates in two environments in Niger. The objective was to investigate genetic variability for yield, yield related traits, and resistance to sorghum midge. High phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) versus genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was observed in both sites and planting dates. Across planting dates at both Konni and Maradi, grain yield, plant height, panicle weight, and midge damage had high heritability coupled with high estimates of genetic advance. At Konni, high genetic advance coupled with high heritability was detected for grain yield, plant height, panicle weight, and resistance to midge. There were similar results at Maradi for grain yield, plant height, and panicle weight. Therefore, selection might be successful for the above characters in their respective environments.

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Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Interrelationships for Agronomic and Yield Traits of Sorghum B-Lines under Different Environments

Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.9734/ajbgmb/2018/v1i1443 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

A. M. M. Al-Naggar ◽

R. M. Abd El-Salam ◽

M. R. A. Hovny ◽

Walaa Y. S. Yaseen

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Block Design ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Planting Dates ◽

High Heritability ◽

Selection For ◽

Strength Of Association ◽

B Lines

Information on heritability and trait association in crops assist breeders to allocate resources necessary to effectively select for desired traits and to achieve maximum genetic gain with little time and resources. The objectives of this investigation were to determine the amount of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and strength of association of yield related traits among sorghum lines under different environments in Egypt. Six environments with 25 sorghum B-lines were at two locations in Egypt (Giza and Shandaweel) in two years and two planting dates in one location (Giza). A randomized complete block design was used in each environment with three replications. Significant variation was observed among sorghum lines for all studied traits in all environments. Across environments, grain yield/plant (GYPP) showed positive and significant correlations with number of grains/plant (r = 0.71), days to flowering (r = 0.47), 1000-grain weight (r = 0.16) and plant height (PH) (r = 0.19). In general, the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). Combined across the six environments, the highest PCV and GCV was shown by PH trait (95.14 and 43.57%) followed by GYPP (36.42 and 30.78%), respectively, indicating that selection for high values of these traits of sorghum would be effective. GYPP and PH traits showed high heritability associated with high genetic advance from selection, indicating that there are good opportunities to get success in improvement of these traits via selection procedures. Results concluded that PH is good selection criterion for GYPP and therefore selection for tall sorghum plants would increase grain yield.

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Assessment of genetic variability and character association for grain yield and its component traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v10i2.1688 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 797-804

Author(s):

Satnam Singh Nagar ◽

Pradeep Kumar ◽

S.R. Vishwakarma ◽

Gyanendra Singh ◽

B. S. Tyagi

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Spike Length ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Component Traits ◽

Biological Yield ◽

1000 Grain Weight

A study was conducted for estimating genetic variability and characters association for eleven yield components using 169 genotypes (13 parents, 78 F1 and 78 F2) of bread wheat through half-diallel mating design during rabi season 2012-13 and 2013-14. The genetic variability, heritability in broad sense, genetic advance, correlation coefficients and path analysis were carried out for the assessment of genotypes through eleven yield component traits namely; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per spikelet, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, harvest index and grain yield per plant. Analysis of variance showed significant differences (at1% level of significance) for all the traits under study in both the generations (F1 and F2). The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high for plant height followed by number of effective tillers per plant, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, while high heritability coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for plant height and spike length in both F1 and F2 generations, respectively. Grain yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with a number of effective tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant and harvest index while significantly but negatively associated with plant height. Path analysis revealed that the traits namely biological yield per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, plant height and harvest index exhibited positive direct effects on grain yield at both phenotypic and genotypic level in both generation (F1 and F2). These results, thereby suggests that yield improvement in breads wheats could be possible by emphasizing these traits while making selections in early generations.

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Genetic variability studies for yield and its contributing traits in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v8i3.1014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1634-1637

Author(s):

Pravin Kumar Sharma ◽

D. P. Mishra ◽

Amit Pandey

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Wide Range ◽

High Heritability ◽

Range Of Variation ◽

Genotypic Coefficient Of Variation

The experiment comprising 30 okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) genotypes were grown and analysed for yield and its attributing traits at the Department of Vegetable science, Kumarganj, Faizabad during Zaid (2011) period. All the characters studied showed a wide range of variation. The variability for yield among the accessionsevaluated was also remarkable. The magnitude phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all traits. Both phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high for plant height (11.10 and 10.60, respectively). Fruit weight exhibited low value of GCV (2.31) and PCV (4.74) and likely to show less response under selection. High heritability (91.3) with high genetic advance (26.74) was recorded for plant height, whereas, ridges per fruit had high heritability (97.0) with moderate genetic advance (18.45). This study aimed to evaluate okra genotypes for variability with a view to providing information on the development of high yielding genotypes to meet the growing food demand of the populace.

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Genetic Evaluation and Correlation Analysis Among Various Quantitative Traits in Maize Single-Cross Hybrids Under Diverse Environments

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v13n5p104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Fortunate Makore ◽

Cosmos Magorokosho ◽

Shorai Dari ◽

Edmore Gasura ◽

Upenyu Mazarura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Grain Moisture ◽

High Heritability ◽

Ear Height ◽

Positive Direct

Genetic variation abundance, high genetic advance coupled with high heritability estimates presents the most suitable condition for selection. Ninety-five hybrids generated from elite and new inbred lines crossed using half diallel mating design were evaluated under diverse environments. The objectives were to estimate genetic variances, heritability of traits and genetic advance and to determine correlations of grain yield and its component characters in maize hybrids. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all traits studied except for ear rots. Estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all traits suggesting low influence of environment in the expression of these traits. High heritability and genetic estimates were recorded for grain yield (79%; 30.27%), plant height (85%; 102.42%) and ear height (86%; 117.15%) whilst high heritability and low genetic advance were observed for anthesis date (87%; 5.8%), texture (75%; 8%) and ear position (71%; 0.23%). Correlation between environments using grain yield data revealed existence of a very strong positive correlation between CIMMYT2 and RARS2 suggesting that the sites have the same discriminating effect. Correlation among traits revealed that grain yield had significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation with plant height and ear height. Similarly, plant height had significant and positive correlation with ear height while ear position was positively correlated to ear height. Path analysis showed that plant height, ears per plant and ear position had positive direct effects on grain, while anthesis date, ear height, ear position, grain moisture content at harvest and texture indirectly influenced grain yield. These characters’ contribution to grain yield is important and the strong association with grain yield implied that these can be used as secondary traits to indirectly select for grain yield performance in this set of germplasm across all the environments.

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Genetic variability study in F2 population of tetraploid dicoccum wheat crosses

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v10i2.1777 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 773-778

Author(s):

Channappagouda Patil ◽

Deepak Koujalagi

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Tiller Number ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

F2 Population ◽

Spike Number ◽

The Cross ◽

High Degree

The aim of the present investigation was to estimate the genetic variability parameters in Wheat (Triticum dicoccum) F2 population of the cross DDK1025 X ML-1. The traits involved in study were grain yield, threshability, rachis percent and other yield contributing traits such as tiller number, number of grains per spike, number of spikelet’s per spike, etc. and the genetic variability parameters estimated are mean, range, Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), heritability and genetic advance over mean. The results obtained from the study reveals higher mean and wider range for all the traits especially for plant height, tiller number, spikelets per spike, number of grains per spikelet, spike length, grain yield per plant, threshability and rachis. High degree of PCV with moderate GCV was observed for the traits like number of tiller per plant (20.96 PCV and 15.96 GCV), number of grains per spike (21.92 PCV and 18.79 GCV), rachis % (22.5 PCV and 19.10 GCV) and grain yield per plant (20.07 PCV and 18.10) . Heritability and genetic advance was recorded to high for all the traits in both the populations. On the basis of an overall consideration of the genetic variability parameters it may be concluded that F2 population of the cross, DDK-1025 x ML-1 have the potential source for improving the yield and its associated traits and also offering some scope in altering the plant height.

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Studies on Genetic Variability Parameter under Artificial Epiphytotic Condition for Leaf Rust in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v38i630389 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Ashutosh Kumar ◽

Yashavantha Kumar Kakanur ◽

Suma Biradar ◽

Srinivas A. Desai ◽

T. N. Satisha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Breeding Programme ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Advanced Backcross ◽

Slow Rusting ◽

Component Traits ◽

High Heritability

Present investigation was conducted to study the genetic variability for grain yield, its component traits and slow rusting component in advanced backcross segregating lines of bread wheat at AICRP on wheat, MARS, UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka during Rabi season of 2015-2016. The study revealed highly significant differences for the yield, its component traits and for slow rusting components, indicating the presence of sufficient genetic variability in these lines which is basis for the effective selection in any breeding programme. High genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) values coupled with high heritability and high genetic advance over mean were recorded for some of the studied traits such as grain yield per plant and no. of productive tillers per plant. Also high PCV and GCV along with high heritability and high genetic advance over mean (GAM) was found for the slow rusting components. The presence of sufficient variability along with high heritability for all these traits indicates that simple phenotypic selection for these traits may be effective for genetic improvement of these traits. Hence based on present findings it can be concluded that practicing selection considering the traits like productive tillers per plant, grain yield per plant along with slow rusting components will be more beneficial for achieving durable type of resistance in future breeding programme.

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Study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in Soybean[Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-3874 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ravindra Kumar Jain ◽

Arunabh Joshi ◽

Hem Raj Chaudhary ◽

Abhay Dashora ◽

Champa Lal Khatik

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Block Design ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Test Weight ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

High Heritability ◽

Weight Number

Soybean, an important legume crop, serves as a good source of protein and oil with tremendous ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen for soil improvement. To study the genetic variability, genotypic, phenotypic and environmental coefficient of variation, broad sense heritability and genetic advance in soybean, a field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2013. The experiment, laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications, comprised of 24 genotypes and observations on 9 traits of soybean were recorded. In this experiment, analysis of variance indicated that significant variation were present among the different genotypes of the soybean for all the traits under study. The highest genotypic (GCV) and phonotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were exhibited by the test weight, number of pods per plant, harvest index and plant height. The PCV was found higher than GCV which indicates the important role of environment in the expression of the characters. High heritability and high genetic advance were observed in the test weight, number of pods per plant, harvest index and plant height. The combination of the high heritability and high genetic advance provide the clear image of the trait in the selection process for crop improvement programme.

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Evaluation of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) genotypes for genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation studies

Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources ◽

10.3126/janr.v3i2.32497 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 150-159

Author(s):

Geleta Gerema

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Triticum Turgidum ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

High Heritability

The present investigation was undertaken to study the genetic variability, heritability and correlation coefficient analysis for 7 metric traits in 12 durum wheat genotypes at western Oromia during 2015-2018. Significant genotypic differences were observed for the majority traits studied, indicates considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. The estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were high for kernels per spikelet, thousand kernels weight, and number of kernels per spike and grain yield. The remaining traits were ranged from low to moderate estimates. High heritability estimates were recorded for the majority traits studied. The estimated broad – sense heritability (h2) has ranged from 31.6% for maturity to 80.8% for grain yield. High genetic advance combined with high heritability was recorded for plant height, thousand kernel weight, kernels per spike and grain yield, indicates that most likely selection based on phenotype of genotypes could be effective to improve these characters. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with spike length, kernels per spike and thousand kernels weight both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. The strong correlation of grain yield with the mentioned traits showed that grain yield could be indirectly improved through improving these traits. This information might be used in the genetics and breeding programmes for improvement of durum wheat.

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Genetic Variability in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Heat Stress Condition

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v38i630443 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Sanjay Kumar ◽

B. G. Suresh ◽

Anand Kumar ◽

G. R. Lavanya

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Canopy Temperature ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Biological Yield ◽

High Heritability ◽

100 Seed Weight

The present experiment was carried out at field experimentation centre of the Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Uttar Pradesh) to study genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in fifty germplasm of chickpea during rabi, 2017-18. The maximum phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were noticed for 100-seed weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and number of primary branches per plant. High heritability were recorded by 100 seed weight, biological yield per plant, primary branches per plant, grain yield per plant, effective pods per plant, total number of pods per plant, secondary branches per plant, plant height, days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for 100 seed weight, biological yield per plant, primary branches per plant, grain yield per plant, effective pods per plant, total number of pods per plant, secondary branches per plant and plant height which suggested that these characters can be considered as favorable attributes for the improvement through selection. Path coefficient analysis for grain yield per plant revealed that biological yield, harvest index, secondary branches, canopy temperature at vegetative stage, effective pods per plant had given the highest contribution on yield per plant. So the utmost importance should be given to these characters during the selection for yield improvement in late sown chickpea.

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Genetic Variability and Inter-relationship between Yield and Yield Components in Jhum Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes of Khagrachhari District in Bangladesh

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v18i1.49453 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Mohammad Zahidul Islam ◽

Nadia Akter ◽

Md Ferdous Rezwan Khan Prince ◽

Nashirum Monir ◽

Mohammad Khalequzzaman

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Selection For ◽

Positive Direct ◽

1000 Grain Weight

The present investigation consists of 47 rice genotypes and the experiment was conducted during Aus season, 2016 in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The data were recorded for 13 quantitative characters to study genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient analysis and path analysis. Analysis of variance among 47 genotypes showed a significant difference for all characters studied. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were observed for grain yield followed by the number of effective tillers, the number of filled grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight indicating that these characters could be used in selection for the crop improvement program. High estimates of heritability was observed for grain yield, grain length, plant height, number of filled grain per panicle, 1000 grain weight and days to 50% flowering. High genetic advance was observed for the number of filled grains per panicle and plant height, indicating predominance of additive gene effects and possibilities of effective selection for the improvement of these traits. Grain yield showed positive association with number of effective tiller and number of filled grain per panicle at genotypic in conjunction with phenotypic level. Days to maturity possessed the highest positive direct effect and significant indirect correlation with yield. The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 01-09

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