Steroid Hormones in Reproduction and Roles of GnRH-a in Gonadal Maturation of Marine Fish: A Review

Reproduction in teleosts is regulated by a series of hormones including gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRHs), gonadotropins (GTHs) and steroid hormones. To contribute better understanding of steroid hormones in reproduction and GnRH-a in gonadal maturation, this literature review is concerned with the changes of steroid hormone levels in relation with sex inversion, reproductive behavior and gonadal development as well as the application of GnRH-a for inducing maturation of marine fish. The results revealed that in many species of teleost, steroid hormones E2, 11-11-KT and DHP are abundantly produced in gonadal tissues under the control of pituitary gonadotropins, and are essential for critical steps of gametogenesis. Plasma steroid levels have been used as indicators for both of the sex of the fish and its stage in the seasonal reproductive cycle, particularly with regard to induction of spawning. Determination of plasma steroid levels in relation with the sexual status of the gonads over several reproductive seasons might provide valuable information on the mechanisms of sex inversion in ambisexual fish species. In addition, changes of plasma steroid levels in correlation with gonadal development, number of spawning, fecundity, were described clearly in many marine species. The review also indicated that exogenous administration of GnRH-a triggered for final maturation of brood stock of some teleosts. In summary E2, T, 11-KT and C21 steroids are in relation with sex inversion, reproductive processes and GnRH-a is successful for inducing gonadal maturation in some fish species.

Download Full-text

A Survey On Marine Fish Species In River of Mahakam East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Omni-Akuatika ◽

10.20884/1.oa.2017.13.2.332 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Iwan Suyatna ◽

Muhammad Syahrir ◽

Mislan Mislan ◽

Yuni Irawati Wijaya ◽

Abdunnur Abdunnur

Keyword(s):

Marine Fish ◽

Fish Species ◽

Water Depth ◽

Fish Community ◽

Marine Species ◽

Demersal Fish ◽

Middle Part ◽

Marine Fish Species ◽

East Kalimantan ◽

Velocity Water

A first survey on a community marine species in river of Mahakam East Kalimantan was performed in December 2015 and May 2016. Fish samplings were carried out from two locations the lower and the middle part of Mahakam. Whilst hydrometric observation of current velocity, water depth and tide was measured not only at the locations but also along the river from 2013 to 2017, tide was only observed in the lower part of Mahakam. However, marine fish species were recognized to reach up the middle part of Mahakam, 230 km from coastline. To describe a community fish structure and its dissimilarity of the two surveyed locations, diversity and bray Curtis index were applied. Almost 15 marine fish species identified in river of Mahakam was demersal fish and index of the similarity of marine fish community between the locations only 0.106.

Download Full-text

Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252010005000001 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 155-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rodrigo N. dos Santos ◽

Sidinéia Amadio ◽

Efrem J. G. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Energy Content ◽

Energy Allocation ◽

Flood Pulse ◽

Gonadal Development ◽

Body Cavity ◽

Energy Reserves ◽

Flooded Area ◽

Reproductive Processes

The study considered the influence of the hydrological cycle and gonadal development on the accumulation and use of energy in three fish species from an Amazonian flooded area. Fishes were sampled over a 24 hour period at monthly intervals between July 2004 and June 2005 using gillnets of different mesh sizes. Body cavity fat and gonadosomatic indices were determined, as well as energy content of gonads and muscles. Amongst the studied species, different means of energy allocation for reproduction were found: Acestrorhynchus falcirostris allocate energy from body cavity fat to its gonads; Pygocentrus nattereri uses mainly energy accumulated in the muscles for the process of gonadal maturation; and Hoplosternum littorale uses energy accumulated in their muscles and body cavity fat for reproductive processes. It is quite clear that the flood pulse regulates the gain and use of the energy reserves in fishes from the Amazonian floodplain.

Download Full-text

Fish distribution in the Ba Che and Tien Yen rivers

ACADEMIA JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY ◽

10.15625/2615-9023/v42n2.14782 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ta Thi Thuy ◽

Tran Duc Hau ◽

Nguyen Xuan Huan ◽

Pham Van Long

Keyword(s):

Marine Fish ◽

Fish Species ◽

Marine Species ◽

River Basins ◽

Fish Distribution ◽

Research Areas ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Data Book ◽

Downstream Area ◽

Distribution Of Fish

The ichthyo-fauna in the Ba Che and Tien Yen rivers, northern Vietnam is highly diverse, with a total of 245 species determined. However, data on the distribution of fish species are not sufficiently provided for the whole area. This study was conducted from 2008 to 2011 at 27 stations from the Ba Che and Tien Yen river basins to determine the distribution of fish species according to different sections of the rivers, water bodies, seasons, and salinity levels. The results show that fish species are distributed mainly in the river (with 210 species), concentrated in the downstream area (with 213 species). Fishes are mainly collected in the dry season when the salinity level of river is high, due to seawater intrusion which also brings in 160 species of marine fish. This shows that fish distribution in the research areas is mainly dominated by the presence of marine species. While for freshwater fish, it is clearly affected by the mountainous features. Apart from the common characteristics sharing between the two river basins, but the number of both freshwater and marine fish species in the Tien Yen river are larger than those of Ba Che river, which is related to fresh water surface, river morphology, the width and location of the estuary to the sea. The downstream area is home to the fish species recorded in the Red Data Book of Vietnam and the complementary species for Vietnam, while the middle and upstream of the rivers may offer a high potential of biodiversity, with many possibly new species for science. These are important data for the conservation and sustainable development of fish resources in the Ba Che and Tien Yen river basins.

Download Full-text

First gonadal maturation of Pinirampus pirinampu (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842006000200014 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 66 (1b) ◽

pp. 317-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Peixer ◽

L. A. F. Mateus ◽

E. K. Resende

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Gonadal Development ◽

Breeding Period ◽

Maturation Process ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Male And Female ◽

Gonadal Maturation ◽

Males And Females ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽

Immature Fish

Information regarding the reproductive cycle of commercially exploited fish species is extremely important for their appropriate management. The reproductive size of Pinirampus pirinampu (Spix, 1829) was determined for a population studied in the Pantanal wetlands of western Brazil. Samples were taken in September, October, and December 1997, and in February and March 1998. Gonadal stages were macroscopically determined and a monthly gonadossomatic index (GSI) was used to determine the breeding period. The length of the first gonadal maturation was determined by classifying male and female adults and immature fish into length classes. The data on the adult individuals were plotted on graphs and the median values estimated to find the length at which 50% of the individuals reached maturity (L50). L100 was also determined. Males and females in the gonadal maturation process were recorded from October on, and the highest frequency was found to occur in February. Individuals with empty gonads occurred from February onwards. The GSI showed that gonadal development began in September and reached its peak in February. The L50 was 574 mm for females and 536 mm for males, while the L100 was 590 mm for females and 580 mm for males.

Download Full-text

Sex inversion as a model for the study of sex determination in vertebrates

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.1988.0117 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 322 (1208) ◽

pp. 97-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

Sex Determination ◽

Steroid Hormones ◽

Gonadal Development ◽

Sensitive Period ◽

Differential Growth ◽

Sexual Steroid ◽

Gene Level ◽

Sex Inversion ◽

Opposite Sex ◽

Or Gene

As a consequence of genetic sex determination, the indifferent gonadal blastema normally becomes either a testis or an ovary. This applies to mammals and to the majority of non-mammalian vertebrates. With the exception of placental mammals, however, partial or complete sex inversion can be induced in one sex by sexual steroid hormones of the opposite sex during a sensitive period of gonadogenesis. There is evidence that also during normal gonadogenesis in these species, in the XY/XX mechanism of sex determination testicular differentiation is induced by androgens, and in the ZZ/ZW mechanism, ovarian differentiation by oestrogens. In either case, the hormones may act via serological H-Y antigen as a morphogenetic factor. In contrast, in placental mammals including man, primary gonadal differentiation is independent of sexual steroid hormones, and factors directing differential gonadal development have not yet been conclusively identified. However, various mutations at the chromosome or gene level, resulting respectively in sex inversion or intersexuality, have provided clues as to some genes involved and their possible nature. In this context also, serological H-Y antigen is discussed as a possible factor acting on primordial gonadal cells and inducing differential growth or morphogenesis or both. The data available at present allow a tentative outline of the genetics of sex determination in placental mammals.

Download Full-text

Nutrient contents of some popular freshwater and marine fish species of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology ◽

10.3329/bjz.v42i2.23367 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 251-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maria Zaman ◽

M Niamul Naser ◽

Abu Tareq Mohammad Abdullah ◽

Nasima Khan

Keyword(s):

Marine Fish ◽

Fish Species ◽

Proximate Composition ◽

Marine Species ◽

High Energy ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Marine Fish Species ◽

Mineral Contents ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Protein Energy

An investigation was carried out on the proximate and mineral contents of widely consumed freshwater small indigenous species (SIS), culture and marine fish species of Bangladesh. Proximate composition (crude protein, fat, ash, moisture, carbohydrate and energy) and selected mineral (Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn) contents were determined eighteen locally available fish species of Bangladesh. Considering proximate composition high protein fishes are Thai Sarpunti 17.5 ± 0.15%, Rui 16.82% ± 0.02; high fat fishes are Thai Pangus 10.03±0.1%, Thai Sarpunti 9.38±0.37%; high Ash contents in Poa 4.78 ± 0.92 %, Ganges Chapila 3.96 ± 0.51%, Thai Sarpunti 3.31 ± 0.14%; high energy found in Thai Sarpunti 157.02 ± 2.61 Kcal/g and Thai Pangus 151.59 ± 2.71 Kcal/g. Considering mineral compositions, Ca rich fishes are Punti 1984.32 ± 1.1 mg, Mola 1267 ± 2.2 mg, Dhela 1717.8 ± 3.1 mg, Chapila 1100.6 ± 1.21 mg, Thai Sarpunti 1373.9 ± 5.32 mg. K rich fishes are Taki 501.47 ± 2.9 mg, Coral 415.24 ± 2.8 mg and Na rich fishes are Thai Sarpunti 780.01 ± 3.8, Ganges Chapila 415.32 ± 2.34 mg, Loitta 497.38 ± 4.21 mg. Trace mineral, Mg is high in Coral 187.98 ± 0.61 mg, Punti 148.16 ± 0.62 mg, Datina 144.05 ± 0.35 mg, Kachki 143.49 ± 0.3 mg fishes, whereas Fe are high in Chapila 15.95 ± 0.03mg, Punti 10.31 ± 0.2, Poa 7.01±0.66 and Zn in Thai Sarpunti 40.20 ± 0.34 mg, Poa 29.32 ± 0.32 mg fishes. Considering Mn, Chapila 6.34 ± 0.04 mg is the highest. This study indicate that small fishes with bones are important source of essential minerals especially Ca. Culture species found to be rich in source of protein, energy and lipids. Marine species exhibit good combination of protein and minerals. This study also encourage to take a culture species like Thai Sarpunti (Barbonymus gonionotus) for its high nutritional meat values and also to consume marine fishes and small fishes with bones for better nourishment. Promotion of the production and consumption of small fishes therefore be encouraged for better nutritional achievement.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(2): 251-259, 2014

Download Full-text