scholarly journals Association and Path Coefficient Study in F2 Population for Yield Attributing and Micronutrient Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
S. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Index Test ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Days To Maturity

In view to overcome the major problem of ‘hidden hunger’ mainly caused by micronutrient deficiency, breeding for micronutrient enriched staple food crops is important. In developing countries, iron and zinc deficiencies are reported to be major health risk factor causing a high mortality rate. So, for overcoming these nutritional deficiencies through genetic improvement, F2 population of two rice crosses obtained by crossing diverse parents for micronutrients (mainly, Fe and Zn) were evaluated using randomised complete block design  during  Kharif, 2019  to study the relationship between different traits and to study the estimates of direct and indirect effect. Among the F2 population of cross-I, grain yield per plant exhibited significant and positive association with seeds per panicle, tillers per plant, flag leaf area, harvest index, test weight, days to 50% flowering and days to maturity while negative and significant correlation with canopy temperature. For cross-II, grain yield per plant exhibited significant and positive association with seeds per panicle, tillers per plant, plant height, flag leaf area, SPAD value, harvest index, test weight and days to maturity while significant and negative correlation with grain Zn content, grain Fe content and canopy temperature. Hence, selection for the traits showing positive and significant association with grain yield in both the crosses will be rewarding. Highest positive direct effect on yield was shown by harvest index in cross-I. So, selection based on harvest index for grain yield per plant would be the most effective strategy for improvement of grain yield. No direct positive or negative effect of grain Fe and Zn content on yield was found.

Estimate of genetic parameters and correlation coefficient analysis for yield and its traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
Anant Kumar ◽  
Joginder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficients were studied in 104 genotypes of wheat genotypes for yield and yield contributing traits. Both GCV and PCV were found to be moderate for flag leaf area, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and ash content. The days to ear emergence, days to maturity, plant height, harvest index and 1000-grain weight low GCV and PCV values were observed. Number of productive tillers per plant and spike length recorded moderate value of PCV and low value of GCV. High estimate of heritability in narrow sense was recorded for number of productive tillers per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and grain yield per plant, while it was moderate for days to ear emergence, days to maturity, plant height, flag leaf area, spike length, grains per spike and low heritability were recorded for 1000-grain weight. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance in per cent of mean was recorded for biological yield per plant and grain yield per plant. Grain yield per plant exhibited highly significant and positive association with 1000-grain weight, harvest index, biological yield per plant, grains per spike, number of productive tillers per plant and days to maturity.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters of yield and yield traits in wheat genotypes under rainfed conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Fida Mohammad ◽  
Fahim Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Development of superior crop varieties is the prime objectives of all plant breeding programs. To determine genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, 24 elite bread wheat lines were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar under rainfed conditions. Data were recorded on days to heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), flag leaf area (cm-2), spike length (cm), grain yield (kg ha-1), biological yield (kg ha-1), 1000 grain weight (g), grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1(g), and harvest index (%). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits studied. Broad sense heritability was high for days to heading (0.89), grain weight spike-1(0.61g), spike length (0.70 cm), 1000-grain weight (0.62g), grain yield (0.78 kg ha-1) and harvest index (0.62%); and was moderate for days to maturity (0.52), plant height (0.38 cm), and grains spike-1 (0.49), while low heritability was estimated for spike weight (0.25g), flag leaf area (0.28 cm-2) and biological yield (0.25 kg ha-1). The values of genetic advance for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, flag leaf area, and harvest index were; 5.47, 1.88, 4.01, 6.42, 0.16, 5.02, 0.71, 418.83, 379.64, 2.89 and 3.92, respectively. Genotype PR 105 surpassed all other genotypes in grain yield (3144.33 kg ha-1) and hence it can be recommended for rainfed area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12637 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 193-205

scholarly journals Heterosis in Local Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
MM Islam ◽  
U Sarker ◽  
MG Rasul ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Blade Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Standard Heterosis

An experiment was conducted to study the heterosis of 27 F1 hybrids produced from nine CMS lines and three restorer lines of rice with their parental lines and BRRI Dhan29 as standard check for 17 yield and its contributing traits. Mid parent, better parent and standard heterosis of most of the crosses were significant for most of the characters studied either in positive or in negative direction. Desirable and significant mid parent and better parent heterosis was observed in 13 and seven cross combinations, respectively for grain yield and most of its related traits. Considering more than 20% mid parent and better parent heterosis for grain yield along with most of its related traits, nine and five cross combinations, respectively were identified as good heterotic combinations over mid parental and better parental value. On the basis of individual trait significant and desirable mid parent heterosis was observed in eight cross combinations for plant height, 12 for leaf blade length, nine for flag leaf blade length, 13 for flag leaf sheath length, eight for tillers per hill, eight for panicles per hill, 14 for days to 50% flowering, four for days to maturity, four for panicle length, 14 for panicle weight, nine for primary branches per panicle, 16 for secondary branches per panicle, six for filled grains per panicle, 15 for 1000 seed weight, 13 for grain yield per hill and 15 for harvest index. Significant and desirable better parent heterosis was observed in 12 cross combinations for plant height, 11 for leaf blade length, 5 for flag leaf blade length, nine for flag leaf sheath length, seven for tillers per hill, seven for panicles per hill, 25 for days to 50% flowering, one for days to 100% flowering, seven for days to maturity, three for panicle length, nine for panicle weight, five for primary branches per panicle, 12 for secondary branches per panicle, four for filled grains per panicle, nine for 1000 seed weight, seven for grain yield per hill and nine for harvest index. None of the crosses were identified as good heterotic over standard check for grain yield per hill but many good and desirable heterotic crosses were identified over standard check for most of the yield related characters. Twenty cross combinations were identified as heterotic over standard check due to desirable and significant standard heterosis for most of the yield related traits.   Keywords: Heterosis; rice; Oryza sativa; boro DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i1.9314 BJPBG 2010; 23(1): 19-30

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic parameters for grain yield, various yield components and some quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kamboj ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Devi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Excellent Candidate ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study was conducted during two crop season (Kharif, 2011-12 and 2012-13) for estimating the genetic parameters by involving 10 parents and their 45 F1s in rice crop. The estimates of h2 (overall dominance effects) were positive and significant for days to 50 % flowering (9.11), days to maturity (0.24), plant height (2.95), panicle length1(39), productive tillers per plant (3.22), branches per panicle (5.61), flag leaf area (5.50), 1000-grain weight (0.27), biological yield (7.35) and amylose content (1.03) which indicated dominance of genetic components in F1s crosses. The theoretical value (0.25) of (H2/4H1) for all the traits except kernel length and amylose content indicated the asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes in the parents. The proportion of dominant and recessive alleles for panicle length, productive tillers, branches per panicle, 1000 grain weight, biological yield, kernel length and L/B ratio reflected more dominant alleles, whereas for days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height, grains per panicle, flag leaf area, grain yield, harvest index, kernel breadth, kernel length after cooking, elongation ratio, amylose content and hulling %, reflected more recessive alleles in the parents. The estimates of specific combining ability (SCA) effects revealed that the cross Vallabh Basmati 21 x Pusa 1121 could be an excellent candidate for improving grain yield (1.52**), harvest index (1.86**) and flag leaf area (6.20**) whereas Pusa 1121 x CSR 10 is excellent candidate for panicle length (0.89**) and amylose content (1.54**). The characters showing more than 60 % narrow sense heritability along with positive and significant correlation with each other and also with grain yield could be rewarding for further improvement of yield and quality in rice. Therefore, these parental lines can be used as donors in future by following bi-parental mating and the diallel selective mating system could be the best breeding method in an early segregating generation for improvement in these traits in rice crop.

scholarly journals GENETIC ANALYSIS AND SELECTION CRITERIA IN ADVANCED BREEDING LINES OF DEEP WATER RICE

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Khaleda Akter ◽  
S. H. Habib ◽  
M. K. Bashar ◽  
A. M. Nurunnabi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Breeding Lines

Thirty advanced breeding lines of deep-water rice were evaluated during T. Aman season (rainfed ecosystem) with a view to finding out variability and genetic association for grain yield and its component characters. All the tested characters showed significant variation. The highest genetic variability was obtained in filled grains/panicle followed by plant height. Panicles/plant, filled grains/panicle and grain yield had high genetic coefficient of variation and heritability in broad sense coupled with high genetic advance in percentage of mean. Panicle length, panicles/plant, plant height, filled grains/panicle and harvest index showed significant positive association with grain yield. Path coefficient analysis also revealed maximum positive and direct contribution of filled grain to grain yield followed by panicles/plant, 1000-grain weight and flag leaf area. Moreover, plant height had the highest indirect effect on grain yield through filled grains/panicle. Flag leaf area, harvest index and panicle length also had higher positive indirect effect on grain yield through filled grains/panicle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v20i1.17024

scholarly journals Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and its component traits in restorer lines of rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZ Islam ◽  
MAK Mian ◽  
NA Ivy ◽  
N Akter ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct

Twenty nine restorer lines of rice were evaluated for fourteen agro-morphological traits during Boro (irrigated rice) season of 2012-2013 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, and Bangladesh. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the restorer lines for all the traits studied.The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits indicating the presence of little environmental influence in the phenotypic expression. Heritability estimate was found high for all the yield contributing traits. High heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for secondary branches per panicle followed by number of effective tillers, flag leaf area and panicle weight. Contrary, days to flowering and days to maturity showed high heritability coupled with low genetic advance as per cent of mean. Pearson correlation revealed grain yield had positive association with number of effective tillers per hill, panicle length, spikelet fertility, flag leaf area, plant height and thousand grain weights. Mentioned characters also found positive association with yield in both genotypic and phenotypic level. Spikelet fertility, number of secondary branches per panicle, thousand grain weights and number of effective tiller possessed higher positive direct effect on grain yield. It indicated the importance of these traits as selection criteria of yield improvement in hybrid rice programme. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(2): 291-301, June 2019

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of grain yield and its contributing traits for their implications in improvement of bread wheat cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Gyanendra Singh ◽  
Sarvan Kumar ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Ashish Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Peduncle Length

Genetic analysis was carried out in 55 genotypes (10 parents and 45 F1s) through diallel mating design excluding reciprocals in bread wheat. Analysis of variance showed appreciable variability among the breeding material for almost all the traits under study. The highest value of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was found for flag leaf area (PCV=18.82, GCV=17.74), biological yield (PCV=12.98, GCV=11.70), grain yield (PCV=11.90, GCV=10.39) and harvest index (PCV=10.39, GCV=10.05). Highest heritability with highest genetic advance was estimated for flag leaf area (h2=52.24, GA=34.64), biological yield (h2=15.04, GA=21.71), harvest index (h2=18.19, GA=20.01), peduncle length (h2=31.72, GA=15.96) and spikelets per spike (h2=34.92, GA=12.96), therefore selection will be effective based on these traits. Grain yield was found significantly correlated (at <1% level of significance) with productive tillers (gr=0.3283**, pr=0.4347**), spike length (gr=0.1959**, pr=0.2203**), spikelets per spike (gr=0.4342**, pr=0.3813**), grains per spike (gr=0.7188**, pr=0.4918**), biological yield (gr=0.6101**, pr=0.6616**), harvest index (gr=0.3518**, pr=0.3227**) and thousand grain weight (gr=0.5232**, pr=0.3673**). Similarly path coefficient analysis estimates for biological yield (g=1.0524, p=1.0554), harvesting index (g=0.8862, p=0.8291), thousand grain weight (g=0.0588, p=0.0269), grains per spike (g=0.0496, p=0.0074), spike length (g=0.0209, p=0.0289), days to maturity (g=0.0142, p=0.0127), productive tillers (g=0.0186, p=0.0147), peduncle length (g=0.0123, p=0.0157), days to 50% flowering (g=0.0093, p=0.0072) and plant height (g=0.0042, p=0.0020) showed high positive direct effects on grain yield indicating that due importance should be given to these traits during selection for high yield.

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic components and regression analysis for grain yield and various morphological traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Vichitra Kumar Arya ◽  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
S. A. Kerkhi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Peduncle Length

The present study was conducted to estimate the gentic components and regression analysis for grain yield and various morphological traits in bread wheat involving 10 parents and their 45 F1s (half diallel) during 2012- 13 and 2013-14. Significant additive (D) and dominance (H1) variance for the traits indicated that expression of these traits is control by both additive and dominance gene action. Average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 were more than unity for the traits (peduncle length, flag leaf area, productive tillers, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index) indicating the preponderance of over dominance gene action. The estimates of h2 were positive and significant for days to ear emergence, peduncle length, productive tillers, biological yield and grain yield indicated dominance of genetic components in F1s. Positive and significant values of F were estimated for days to ear emergence, days to 50% flowering, spike length, flag leaf area and grain yield in F1s indicating the preponderance of dominance and positive genes in the parents involved. The theoretical value (0.25) of (H2/4H1) for all the traits indicated asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes. The proportion of dominant and recessive alleles indicated presence of dominant alleles in the parents. The traits showing more than 30% narrow sanse heritability could be rewarding for further improvement in grain yield in bread wheat. Regression analysis indicated that the traits (days to ear emergence, days to 50% flowering, peduncle length, flag leaf area, productive tillers, harvest index, biological yield and grain yield) control by over dominance type of gene action. The parent RAJ 4246 contained maximum dominant genes for days to ear emergence and days to 50% flowering; HD 2733 for spike length and flag leaf area and HD 2824 for productive tillers, biological yield and grain yield used as donors in multiple traits breeding programme to develop high yielding wheat genotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters and Selection Indices in F3 Progenies of Hill Rice Genotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulzar S. SANGHERA ◽  
Subhash C. KASHYAP
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The F3 population of eighteen different cross combinations using five local and seven exotic genotypes was used to study the genetic parameters, heritability, correlation and path coefficients for fourteen quantitative characters under temperate conditions. The selected progenies showed highly significant difference for most of the agro-morphological characters. Comparatively high phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for all the character than genotypic coefficient variation. High heritability (%) was recorded for days to 50% flowering (96%) followed by days to maturity (95%) and grain yield per plant (84%). High genetic advance were observed for grain yield (47%) followed by biological yield/plant (27%) and harvest index (25%). Days to 50% flowering was positively and significantly correlated with days to maturity, grain length with LB ratio flag leaf length with grain breadth and panicle length with grain breadth at genotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that harvest index and biological yield has highest direct effect on yield followed by days to maturity and number of grain per panicle. Biological yield per plant has highest indirect effect on yield via days to flowering followed by grain weight via biological yield per plant, grain breadth via days to 50 % flowering and flag leaf length via biological yield per plant. Therefore, information on the genetic parameters such as coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance and the influence of environment on the expression of these characters will help the breeder to evolve suitable cultivars within a short time for hill ecologies.

scholarly journals Study of genetic and phenotype correlations and heritability for twelve varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting under different environmental of Basrah

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
M. A. K. AL-Abody ◽  
W.A.J. Al-Sebahi ◽  
S.A.M. AL- Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Phenotypic Variations

"A field experiment was carried out during the winter seasons (2016-2017& 2017-2018) in three locations in Basrah Governorate: AL-Daire, the Qurna site and the location of the ALMadina (Marsh areas), to analysis of genetic stability of wheat cultivars and identify the high stability of grain yield. The experiment included twelve cultivars of wheat (Abu Graib-3, Fatih, Rasheed, Furat, Latifih, Tammoz-2, Baraka, IPA -95 and IBA -99, Bhooth-10, Bhooth22 and Bhooth-158). Grain yield showed a positive and highly significant genetic correlation with the characteristics of flag leaf area, the spike length, the tillernumber, the spike efficiency, the number of spike, and number of seed per spike of 0.498, 0.523, 0.698, 0.598, 0.702 and 0.693 respectively. The grain yield showed a positive and highly significant phenotypic correlation with the characteristics flag leaf area, the length of the spike, the number of tillers, spike fficiency, the number of spike and the number of spike grains of 0.506, 0.579, 0.786, 0.671, 0.801 and 0.763 respectively. The genetic environmental and phenotypic variations of cereal yield varied from 0.295, 0.064 and 0.359 respectively. The highest percentage of the heritability in the broad sense reached 94.572% in the number of days from planting up to 50% of spikes, while the harvest index registered the lowest the percentage reached 39.401%, and the grain yield gavin percentage of 82.172%."

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