scholarly journals Cytological Studies on Graft Union Development with Perennial Chilli Rootstocks

Author(s):  
P. Keerthana ◽  
L. Pugalendhi ◽  
R. Swarna Priya ◽  
H. Usha Nandhini Devi

Grafting technology in vegetable crops is becoming increasingly popular as an alternative tool to improve the biotic and abiotic resistance besides improvement in horticultural traits. By utilizing the right combination of resistant rootstock and scion, desired variability can be achieved to improve the yield and quality of vegetables. A study was conducted at the College orchard, Department of Vegetable science, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during the year 2020-2021 to evaluate the graft compatibility with two chilli rootstocks. The experimental material consisted of two perennial rootstocks viz., CC-CBE-001 and CF-CBE-007 and three scion materials viz., TNAU Chilli Hybrid CO 1, Ranga hybrid and Bangaram hybrid. Wedge grafting was done using 60 days old rootstock and 45 days old scion seedlings with nine treatments. The adhesion line wall thickness of pith cells were determined at different stages after grafting. The wound healing of the scion-rootstock union was studied using microscopic examination of the grafting region on the 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th day after grafting. It was observed that ten days after grafting, vascular bundle was formed and a large amount of callus was produced to bridge the scion and rootstock. Despite interspecific grafting, callus formation, subsequent cell differentiation and vascular connection were established, resulting in effective graft compatibility, according to the anatomical and histological analysis.

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
В.А. Борисов ◽  
А.М. Меньших ◽  
В.С. Соснов

Для обеспечения населения РФ качественной, полезной и экологически безопасной овощной продукцией в требуемом количестве необходимо изучение потенциальной продуктивности новых сортов и гибридов овощных культур, применение современных элементов технологии и продуктов в области агротехнологий выращивания. Хороший вкус, высокое содержание ценных для человека витаминов, микроэлементов и органических кислот вывело сладкий перец в ранг наиболее популярных овощных культур. В мире выведено и культивируется огромное количество сортов сладкого перца. В нашей стране наиболее распространенным сортотипом является перец сладкий (Capsicum annuum), или болгарский. На обыкновенных черноземах Бирючекутской селекционной опытной станции (Новочеркасский район Ростовской области), имеющих слабощелочную реакцию среды, мощный гумусовый горизонт, среднюю обеспеченность подвижным фосфором и высокую обменным калием, в 2017–2018 годах была исследована потенциальная продуктивность перца сладкого гибрида Темп при высоком уровне обеспеченности растений влагой и питательными элементами. Оценено комплексное действие основного внесения расчетных доз минеральных удобрений, капельного орошения, трехкратной подкормки водорастворимыми удобрениями «Мастер» и органоминеральным наноудобрением «Арксойл» на урожайность и качество перца сладкого. Выяснено, что основное удобрение и подкормки влияют, в первую очередь, на число плодов на одном растении, увеличивая их в 2–3,3 раза при незначительном повышении массы плода. Установлено, что без применения минеральных удобрений при капельном поливе было получено 25–27 т/га плодов. Использование рекомендованной дозы удобрений N120P120K120 увеличило урожайность перца до 50,5 т/га, а комплексное применение основного удобрения с 3-кратной корневой подкормкой водорастворимым удобрением «Мастер» позволило получить урожайность перца до 64,8 т/га. Наиболее высокая продуктивность растений была получена при комплексном использовании расчетной дозы на урожайность 90 т/га в сочетании с корневой подкормкой – 86,8 т/га при хорошем качестве плодов перца. To provide the population of the Russian Federation with high-quality, healthy and environmentally friendly vegetable products in the required amount, it is necessary to study the potential productivity of new varieties and hybrids of vegetable crops, use modern elements of technology and products in the field of agricultural technologies. Good taste, high content of vitamins, microelements and organic acids valuable for humans have made sweet peppers one of the most popular vegetable crops. A huge number of varieties of sweet peppers have been bred and cultivated in the world. In our country, the most common cultivar type is bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) or Bulgarian. On ordinary chernozems of the Biryuchekutskaya selection experimental station (Novocherkassk district of the Rostov region), which have a weakly alkaline reaction of the environment, a powerful humus horizon, an average supply of mobile phosphorus and high exchangeable potassium, in 2017-2018, the potential productivity of sweet pepper the level of supply of plants with moisture and nutrients. The complex effect of the main application of the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers, drip irrigation, 3-fold top dressing with water-soluble fertilizers Master and organomineral nanofertilizers Arxoil on the yield and quality of bell peppers was evaluated. It was found that the main fertilization and feeding affect, first of all, the number of fruits per 1 plant, increasing them by 2-3.3 times with a slight increase in the weight of the fruit. It was found that without the use of mineral fertilizers with drip irrigation, 25-27 t/ha of fruits were obtained. The use of the recommended dose of fertilizers N120P120K120increased the yield of pepper to 50.5 t/ha, and the complex application of the main fertilizer with 3-fold root feeding with the water-soluble fertilizer Master allowed to obtain the yield of pepper up to 64.8 t/ha. The highest plant productivity was obtained with the integrated use of a calculated dose for a yield of 90 t / ha in combination with root feeding - 86.8 t/ha with good quality pepper fruits.


Pedosphere ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Hui LIU ◽  
Li-Hua JIANG ◽  
Xiao-Lin LI ◽  
R. HÄRDTER ◽  
Wen-Jun ZHANG ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
T.W. Walker

The basic aim in an efficient system of pastoral farming must be the highest possible sustained yields of animal products consistent with the maintenance and improvement of soil fertility. This involves the maximum production of dry matter of the right quality. This paper does not deal exhaustively with quality, but it is necessary to remind ourselves that quantity and quality are not necessarily highly correlated. Both yield and quality of dry matter depend on the soil, climate, herbage species and strains, stock and pasture management and fertiliser applications.


2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Velmurugan ◽  
P. P. Mahendran

A pot experiment was conducted under natural condition with green gram (cultivar CO 6) using twenty bulk soil samples collected from major soil series of Southern agro–climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. Application of graded levels of molybdenum (Mo) at 0, 0.025, 0.050, 0.075 and 0.1 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> positively influenced the yield, nodulation characteristics and nutritional quality of green gram crop. The highest number of nodules, dry weight nodules per plant, nodule N concentration and chlorophyll content of leaves were registered at 0.075 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> level. Similarly, the seed and stover yield, uptake of N, P, K and Mo by green gram were also increased with molybdenum application up to 0.075 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> level beyond which they declined. However, the amount of protein in seed significantly increased with increasing levels of Mo up to 0.1 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> level in different soils. Hence, Mo application not only increased the yield but also enhanced the nutritional quality of green gram through effective nodulation.


2018 ◽  
pp. 05-08
Author(s):  
P. POONKODI, A. ANGAYARKANNI ◽  
R. VIJAYAKUMAR, A. BALAKUMAR

A field experiment was conducted at farmer`s field in Sivapuri village, Chidambaram taluk, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu to study the effect of inorganic fertilizers and pressmud compost on soil properties, yield and quality of bhendi cultivar Arka anamika as a test crop. The experimental soil was sandy clay loam with a pH of 7.20, EC of 0.64 dSm-1 and CEC of 19.20 c mol (p+) kg-1. The results of the experiment clearly revealed that the application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer+15 tonnes of pressmud compost ha-1 (T4) registered the maximum fruit and stover yield of bhendi the same treatment T4 improved the quality attributes of bhendi viz., crude protein content, ascorbic acid content and crude fibre content. The available N, P, K and S content in the post harvest soil was maximum in the treatment T4. This treatment was followed by application of 75% recommended dose of fertilizer+15 tonnes of pressmud compost ha-1 (T7) regarding yield and quality attributes, as well as available nutrients status of post harvest soil. However, these two treatments were comparable to each other.


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