scholarly journals Effect of Land Cover Change on Atlantic Forest Fragmentation in Rio Largo, Al, Brazil

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-114
Author(s):  
Lucas Galdino da Silva ◽  
Arthur Costa Falcão Tavares ◽  
Carlos Frederico Lins E. Silva Brandão ◽  
João Pedro dos Santos Verçosa ◽  
Raquel Elvira Cola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Digital Format

This study's objective was to analyze the effect of land cover change, between 1965 and 2018, using statistical metrics and geoprocessing tools. And consequently, to provide information of area (ha) and spatial fragmentation of the Atlantic Forest in the municipality of Rio Largo/AL, Brazil. The samples were collected and transferred by CECA, CADEH, and INCRA, between November 2019 and April 2020. The basic materials used in this work were multi-temporal aerial images in digital format, derived from the 1965 aerophotogrametric survey on the scale 1:25000, belonging to the collection of the Engineering and Agrarian Sciences Campus - UFAL, and images of Landsat satellites (5 and 8) processed and made available by the Mapbiomas Project. The statistic landscape metrics were calculated using Landscape ecology Statistics (LECOs), a QGIS plugin. The analysis of forest fragmentation areas over the 53 years showed a reduction between 32.17% (1965) and 12.04% (2018) concerning the total extension of the municipality. In 1965, the average area obtained from 49 fragments was 201.13 ha. The values show a higher distance of forest fragments between 1965 and 1989, and disappearance by 2018.The Pearson correlation coefficient for 1965 and 2018 presented the value of r = -0.525, indicating a moderate and negative correlation between the mean values of areas (ha) of forest fragments and the number of forest fragments. The worst-case scenario for the maintenance of native forests occurred in 1989, where the reduction of continuous forest areas had 10.87 ha for forest area average, being spaced in 327 fragments. In the period 1986 and 1996, there was a decrease in fragmentation, reaching 200 fragments. In 1996 and 1997, there was an imbalance in forest maintenance, again increasing the number of fragments to 250 areas, and being explained by the loosening of surveillance in previous years, followed by deforestation.

scholarly journals Forest fragmentation in the landscape in the Atlantic Forest Biome: A systematic review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephany Diolino Cunha ◽  
Bruna Sampaio Crivilin ◽  
Matheus da Silva Araújo ◽  
Luís Antônio Coimbra Borges
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Forest Biome ◽  
Degree Of Fragmentation

Forest fragmentation is defined as the process by which a continuous area of habitat is reduced in size and divided between spaces. Therefore, due to the increase in these areas, this study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature on forest fragments in the Atlantic Forest biome in order to verify their main characteristics and landscape ecology. Publications in search platforms referring to the period from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed such as: SciELO, Google academic and CAPES journals portal. The search terms entered were: “Studies of forest fragments in the Atlantic Forest biome” and “Landscape ecology in forest fragments”. A total of 15 articles were selected from among the works found, and 5 of these were chosen to be evaluated in the present study. Four of the five works were carried out in the state of Espírito Santo, close to basins and sub-basins, and only one work was carried out in a state park. Thus, the evaluated works with the theme, study of fragmentation and ecology of the landscape showed a high degree of fragmentation, meaning that they have fragments smaller than 5 hectares; in addition, all fragments have an irregular edge effect. Therefore, measures aimed at the conservation of biodiversity are needed in all places so that there is ecological restoration of the landscape and conservation of fauna and flora in the Atlantic Forest biome. 

scholarly journals Effects of Climate Change on Land Cover Change and Vegetation Dynamics in Xinjiang, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haochen Yu ◽  
Zhengfu Bian ◽  
Shouguo Mu ◽  
Junfang Yuan ◽  
Fu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Vegetation Growth

Since the Silk-road Economic belt initiatives were proposed, Xinjiang has provided a vital strategic link between China and Central Asia and even Eurasia. However, owing to the weak and vulnerable ecosystem in this arid region, even a slight climate change would probably disrupt vegetation dynamics and land cover change. Thus, there is an urgent need to determine the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land-use/Land-cover (LULC) responses to climate change. Here, the extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD) method and linear regression method (LRM) were applied to recognize the variation trends of the NDVI, temperature, and precipitation between the growing season and other seasons. Combining the transfer matrix of LULC, the Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to reveal the response of NDVI to climate change and climate extremes. The results showed that: (1) Extreme temperature showed greater variation than extreme precipitation. Both the ESMD and the LRM exhibited an increased volatility trend for the NDVI, with the significant improvement regions mainly located in the margin of basins. (2) Since climate change had a warming trend, the permanent snow has been reduced by 20,436 km2. The NDVI has a higher correlation to precipitation than temperature. Furthermore, the humid trend could provide more suitable conditions for vegetation growth, but the warm trend might prevent vegetation growth. Spatially, the response of the NDVI in North Xinjiang (NXC) was more sensitive to precipitation than that in South Xinjiang (SXC). Seasonally, the NDVI has a greater correlation to precipitation in spring and summer, but the opposite occurs in autumn. (3) The response of the NDVI to extreme precipitation was stronger than the response to extreme temperature. The reduction in diurnal temperature variation was beneficial to vegetation growth. Therefore, continuous concentrated precipitation and higher night-time-temperatures could enhance vegetation growth in Xinjiang. This study could enrich the understanding of the response of land cover change and vegetation dynamics to climate extremes and provide scientific support for eco-environment sustainable management in the arid regions.

Flood Vulnerability Assessment of Settlements in the Niger-benue Trough, Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
O. O. Ifatimehin ◽  
P. S. U. Eneche ◽  
N. A. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Benue Trough ◽  
Livelihood Assets

Flooding has become a household phenomenon, particularly for communities in close proximity or situated in floodplain areas, although only on extreme cases that serious alarms are given. The brunt of this study assessed the flood vulnerability levels of settlements located in the Niger-Benue Trough of Central Nigeria by considering their livelihood assets. Data were sourced via a random administration of questionnaire in 36 communities in the study area earmarked; water level and discharge data obtained; communities were mapped; and remotely sensed data (Spot 5 and the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data were retrieved and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.5 and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 25) software. The simulated worst-case scenario of flooding revealed 22 settlements were inundated in the 2019 flood between July – September, covering larger areas before the confluence with more than 50% of the area under the high and moderately high-risk zones. Natural and physical livelihood assets were vulnerable and seriously damaged with indices greater than 3.0, while human, financial and social assets were all below 3.0. Generally, vulnerability index computed for all communities was 2.82, indicating moderate vulnerability of the communities to the flood event of 2019. Also, the Pearson correlation test revealed a strong, positive relationship (r = .769, α = .036) between the level of communities’ flood vulnerability and the livelihood assets in the study. It was therefore recommended that yearly flood events are worth simulating to aid prioritization of decisions and development of a comprehensive flood management plan for the area.

scholarly journals Land cover change and forest fragmentation analysis for Naypyidaw, Myanmar

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
In-Hye Kong ◽  
Gyoung-Hye Baek ◽  
Dong-Kun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Forest Fragmentation

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Forest Fragmentation in the Atlantic Forest Bioma Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Juliana Marchesan ◽  
Rudiney Soares Pereira ◽  
Elisiane Alba ◽  
Letícia Daiane Pedrali
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
R Language

The goal of this work was to calculate landscape ecology metrics using the R language, allowing the analysis of forest fragments under the Atlantic Forest domain located in the sub-basin of Arroio Jaquirana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the mapping of the forest fragments, we used images from the REIS/RapidEye sensor dated 2016, and the classification was supervised through the Bhattacharya algorithm. The fragments were analyzed in seven size classes, to separate them and to calculate the landscape metrics it was used R language. The results attained demonstrated that the native forest occupied 34.01% of the study area, covering a total of 1,995 fragments, of which 93.43% were less than 5 ha. The highest values of edge and perimeter-area ratio were found in the small fragments indicating a greater edge effect, with the central areas of these remnants being exposed to the external matrix effects. Thus, it is concluded that the Atlantic Forest is highly fragmented and is extremely important to establish measures to minimize the effects and/or increase the connectivity between the fragments through ecological corridors using the smaller fragments, in addition, it makes necessary the development of public policies and research for the management of the region in order to preserve the remnants.

Three decades of land-use and land-cover change in mountain regions of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 103948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Felipe Bicudo da Silva ◽  
James D.A. Millington ◽  
Emilio F. Moran ◽  
Mateus Batistella ◽  
Jianguo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Mountain Regions

scholarly journals Genetic variability of Conopophaga lineata (Conopophagidae) (Wied-Neuwied, 1831) in Atlantic Forest fragments

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (4 suppl) ◽  
pp. 859-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
GPM. Dantas ◽  
FR. Santos ◽  
MA. Marini
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Bird Populations

Forest fragmentation affects bird populations in many ways, modifying the composition of communities and favouring open country species. The Atlantic Forest is considered one of the most important biomes in the world, due to its great biodiversity, accelerated rates of deforestation, and high endemism. Despite these characteristics, few studies have evaluated the effects of forest fragmentation in the genetic structure of Atlantic forest bird populations. So, this study aims to verify the effects of forest fragmentation in the genetic population structure of Conopophaga lineata, through RAPD markers. To achieve this goal, 89 C. lineata individuals were captured in nine Atlantic Forest fragments in Minas Gerais State. The RAPD data indicate that forest fragmentation has not affected the genetic variation of C. lineata populations (Mann-Whitney U = 3.50; p = 0.11). Great part of the genetic variability of this species is found within populations and it was not observed a correlation between genetic and geographic distance (Mantel test t = 0.6250; p = 073). UPGMA analyses did not show defined clades and all branches showed low statistical support. The low population differentiation observed in this species can be due to a high gene flow among populations or a recent fragmentation. Thus, the current diversity status of C. lineata populations indicates that this species is not significantly affected by fragmentation. However, more genetic studies are essential to improve conservation strategies of Brazilian Atlantic Forest birds.

Land-use/land-cover change and forest fragmentation in the Jigme Dorji National Park, Bhutan

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Sharma ◽  
Scott M. Robeson ◽  
Pankaj Thapa ◽  
Anup Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
National Park ◽  
Land Use Land Cover

scholarly journals Potential climate forcing of land use and land cover change

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 12167-12234 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Ward ◽  
N. M. Mahowald ◽  
S. Kloster
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Fire Emissions ◽  
Community Land Model

Abstract. Pressure on land resources is expected to increase as global population continues to climb and the world becomes more affluent, swelling the demand for food. Changing climate may exert additional pressures on natural lands as present day productive regions may shift, or soil quality may degrade, and the recent rise in demand for biofuels increases competition with edible crops for arable land. Given these projected trends there is a need to understand the global climate impacts of land use and land cover change (LULCC). Here we quantify the climate impacts of global LULCC in terms of modifications to the balance between incoming and outgoing radiation at the top of the atmosphere (radiative forcing; RF) that are caused by changes in long-lived and short-lived greenhouse gas concentrations, aerosol effects and land surface albedo. We simulate historical changes to terrestrial carbon storage, global fire emissions, secondary organic aerosol emissions, and surface albedo from LULCC using the Community Land Model version 3.5. These LULCC emissions are combined with estimates of agricultural emissions of important trace gases and mineral dust in two sets of Community Atmosphere Model simulations to calculate the RF from LULCC impacts on atmospheric chemistry and changes in aerosol concentrations. With all forcing agents considered together, we show that 45% (+30%, −20%) of the present-day anthropogenic RF can be attributed to LULCC. Changes in the emission of non-CO2 greenhouse gases and aerosols from LULCC enhance the total LULCC RF by a factor of 2 to 3 with respect to the LULCC RF from CO2 alone. This enhancement factor also applies to projected LULCC RF, which we compute for four future scenarios associated with the Representative Concentration Pathways. We calculate total RFs between 1 to 2 W m−2 from LULCC for the year 2100 (relative to a preindustrial state). To place an upper bound on the potential of LULCC to alter the global radiation budget we include a fifth scenario in which all arable land is cultivated by 2100. This "worst-case scenario" leads to a LULCC RF of 4.3 W m−2 (±1.0 W m−2), suggesting that not only energy policy but land policy is necessary to minimize future increases in RF and associated climate changes.

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