scholarly journals Distribution of Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
S. Shruthi
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
Increased Risk

Aim: To describe the distribution of ocular perfusion pressure hypertensive patients. Design: Cross-sectional observation study. Materials and Methods: Hospital-based, case control cross-sectional study conducted on 100 patients. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) was measured with a Mercury Sphygmomanometer. Mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) = ⅔ (mean arterial pressure − IOP), where mean arterial pressure (MAP) = DBP + ⅓ (SBP − DBP), systolic perfusion pressure (SPP) = SBP – IOP and diastolic perfusion pressure (DPP) = DBP − IOP was calculated. Results: High values of diastolic BP (>90 mmHg) and low values of OPP (<40 mmHg) were associated to an increased risk of confirmed POAG. Conclusion: There is a close relationship between OPP and confirmed glaucoma in hypertensive patients.

The Effect of Prone Positioning on Intraocular Pressure in Anesthetized Patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1351-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Cheng ◽  
Alexandre Todorov ◽  
René Tempelhoff ◽  
Tom McHugh ◽  
C. Michael Crowder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Prone Positioning ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
American Society

Background Ocular perfusion pressure is commonly defined as mean arterial pressure minus intraocular pressure (IOP). Changes in mean arterial pressure or IOP can affect ocular perfusion pressure. IOP has not been studied in this context in the prone anesthetized patient. Methods After institutional human studies committee approval and informed consent, 20 patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III) without eye disease who were scheduled for spine surgery in the prone position were enrolled. IOP was measured with a Tono-pen XL handheld tonometer at five time points: awake supine (baseline), anesthetized (supine 1), anesthetized prone (prone 1), anesthetized prone at conclusion of case (prone 2), and anesthetized supine before wake-up (supine 2). Anesthetic protocol was standardized. The head was positioned with a pinned head-holder. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired t test. Results Supine 1 IOP (13 +/- 1 mmHg) decreased from baseline (19 +/- 1 mmHg) (P &lt; 0.05). Prone 1 IOP (27 +/- 2 mmHg) increased in comparison with baseline (P &lt; 0.05) and supine 1 (P &lt; 0.05). Prone 2 IOP (40 +/- 2 mmHg) was measured after 320 +/- 107 min in the prone position and was significantly increased in comparison with all previous measurements (P &lt; 0.05). Supine 2 IOP (31 +/- 2 mmHg) decreased in comparison with prone 2 IOP (P &lt; 0.05) but was relatively elevated in comparison with supine 1 and baseline (P &lt; 0.05). Hemodynamic and ventilatory parameters remained unchanged during the prone period. Conclusions Prone positioning increases IOP during anesthesia. Ocular perfusion pressure could therefore decrease, despite maintenance of normotension.

scholarly journals Circadian Variation of Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheeba Pakeer Muhammed ◽  
Neeta Sidhan ◽  
Beena Thankappan
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Perfusion

Introduction: Various haemodynamic factors have been implicated as pathophysiological mechanisms in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) other than raised Intraocular Pressure (IOP). However, the exact relationship still remains unclear. Aim: To examine the circadian pattern of Blood Pressure (BP), IOP and Ocular Perfusion Pressure (OPP) with the aim of understanding their relationships in a cohort of patients with POAG. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 44 cases of newly diagnosed, non-hypertensive patients with POAG were enrolled and categorised based on the severity of glaucoma. Recording of BP and IOP were done every 4th hourly during a 24 hour hospital stay. The Mean OPP (MOPP) was calculated as 2/3×Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)-IOP. Systolic OPP (SOPP) was calculated as Systolic BP-IOP and Diastolic OPP (DOPP) was calculated as Diastolic BP-IOP. The diurnal, nocturnal and 24 hour fluctuations were derived from the difference between the highest and lowest values within each period. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis of the variables with age and severity of POAG were performed Results: Significant positive correlation of the nocturnal fluctuations in MAP (r=0.533), SOPP (r=0.835), DOPP (r =0.768), MOPP (r=0.685) and 24 hour fluctuation in MOPP (r=0.636) were noted with severity of glaucoma on multivariate analysis. No significant correlation of these parameters with age was noted on multivariate analyses. Conclusion: Nocturnal dip in OPP was an important observation among patients with POAG, potentially contributing to its pathophysiology.

Correlation between ocular perfusion pressure and translaminar pressure difference in glaucoma: Evidence for a three-pressure disease?

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212096058
Author(s):  
Mateus L Matuoka ◽  
Katia S Santos ◽  
Natasha FS Cruz ◽  
Niro Kasahara
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Perfusion

Aim: To evaluate the correlation between the translaminar pressure difference (TLPD) and the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in glaucoma patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and normal individuals underwent an ophthalmic evaluation as well as blood pressure, height, and weight measurements. Intracranial pressure (ICP) and OPP were calculated using proxy mathematical formulas to attain indirect surrogate parameter values. The TLPD was calculated as intraocular pressure minus ICP. The association between the variables was evaluated using linear and non-linear regression analysis and the correlation estimated with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The sample included 50 POAG patients and 25 normal subjects. The mean OPP for all 75 subjects (75 eyes) was 53.1 ± 9.3 mmHg and the calculated TLPG was 3.1 ± 4.2 mmHg. TLPG showed a negative correlation with OPP ( r = −0.580; 95% CI, −0.690 to −0.366; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The negative correlation between OPP and TLPD observed in the study substantiates the concept of glaucoma as a three-pressure disease.

scholarly journals IOP, IOP Transient Impulse, Ocular Perfusion Pressure, and Mean Arterial Pressure Relationships in Nonhuman Primates Instrumented With Telemetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 4496 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Markert ◽  
Jessica V. Jasien ◽  
Daniel C. Turner ◽  
Carrie Huisingh ◽  
Christopher A. Girkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Perfusion

scholarly journals Estimating Mean Ocular Perfusion Pressure Using Mean Arterial Pressure and Intraocular Pressure

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 2260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Van Keer ◽  
João Barbosa Breda ◽  
Luís Abegão Pinto ◽  
Ingeborg Stalmans ◽  
Evelien Vandewalle
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Perfusion

scholarly journals Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow in Normal and Systemic Hypertensive Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syril Dorairaj ◽  
Fabio N Kanadani ◽  
Carlos R Figueiredo ◽  
Rafaela Morais Miranda ◽  
Patricia LT Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow

scholarly journals Sildenafil citrate on retrobulbar and retinal circulation of rabbits

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1431-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Vitor Couto do Amaral ◽  
Germana Alegro da Silva ◽  
Ana Paula Araújo Costa ◽  
Cássia Maria Molinaro Coelho ◽  
Roberta Renzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sildenafil Citrate ◽  
Retinal Circulation ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed

The effects of sildenafil on retrobulbar and retinal circulation were studied in 18 adult male, albino, homozygous rabbits, of the New Zealand White breed, randomly divided into 3 groups of 6 animals, for drug treatment at a dose of 3.5mg kg-1 every 24 hours, for 7, 15 and 30 days. Nine animals used for control were treated with saline solution at 0.9%. It was evaluated intraocular pressure (IOP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), ocular perfusion pressure (PPO), B-mode ultrasonography and fluorescein angiography before and at the end of treatments. A slight decrease in results of IOP, MAP and PPO after treatment with sildenafil was evident, however, there was no statistical significance. It was observed significant increased diameter of the ophthalmic artery after 7 and 30 days of treatment and decreased mean arterial pressure after 7, 15 and 30 days of treatment, with no statistical difference. On fluorescein angiography, it was observed that the arterial, arteriovenous and venous stages initiated more rapidly in animals after treatment, with significant difference on the arteriovenous stage at the 7th and 15th days. It was possible to admit that the sildenafil citrate improves blood circulation in the retina of rabbits, by increasing the speed of blood flow and decreasing the perfusion pressure.

scholarly journals The Effect of Perioperative Fluid Management on Intraocular Pressure during Gynecologic Laparoscopic Pelvic Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izakson Alexander ◽  
Sindawi Ahmad ◽  
Ben Shachar Inbar ◽  
Pikkel Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Trendelenburg Position ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
Management Protocol

Purpose. Visual loss is a devastating perioperative complication that can result from elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). The Trendelenburg position during surgery increases IOP. The purpose of this study was to quantify IOP changes in patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy, at different time points and body positions throughout the procedure, and to compare fluctuations of IOP during the perioperative period according to two fluid management protocols.Methods. Thirty women scheduled to undergo elective gynecologic laparoscopic pelvic surgery were randomly allocated to receive a liberal or restrictive fluid management protocol. IOP, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, exhaled tidal volume, end-tidal CO2, and ocular perfusion pressure were assessed prior, during, and postsurgery, at 8 time points altogether.Results. Mean changes in IOP were similar for the two protocols; the peak IOP was at the steep (peak) Trendelenburg position. For each protocol, IOP correlated positively with mean arterial pressure, and mean blood pressure correlated with ocular perfusion pressure.Conclusion. IOP was elevated during laparoscopic pelvic surgery and particularly at the steep Trendelenburg position. No differences were found in any of the parameters examined according to a liberal or restrictive fluid management protocol.

scholarly journals Prevalence of elevated mean arterial pressure and how fitness moderates its association with BMI in youth

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2046-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele A Ogunleye ◽  
Gavin R Sandercock ◽  
Christine Voss ◽  
Joey C Eisenmann ◽  
Katharine Reed
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractObjectiveCardiorespiratory fitness is known to be cardioprotective and its association with the components of the metabolic syndrome in children is becoming clearer. The aim of the present study was to examine the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness may offset the weight-related association with mean arterial pressure (MAP) in schoolchildren.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingsSchoolchildren from the East of England, UK.SubjectsA total of 5983 (48 % females) schoolchildren, 10 to 16 years of age, had height, weight and blood pressure measured by standard procedures and cardiorespiratory fitness assessed by the 20 m shuttle-run test. Participants were classified as fit or unfit using internationally accepted fitness cut-off points; and as normal weight, overweight or obese based on BMI, again using international cut-off points. Age-adjusted ANCOVA was used to determine the main effects and interaction of fitness and BMI on MAP Z-score. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios of elevated MAP.ResultsPrevalence of elevated MAP in schoolchildren was 14·8 % overall and 35·7 % in those who were obese-unfit. Approximately 21 % of participants were overweight and 5 % obese, while 23 % were classified as unfit. MAP generally increased across BMI categories and was higher in the aerobically unfit participants. Obese-fit males had lower MAP compared with obese-unfit males (P < 0·001); this trend was similar in females (P = 0·05).ConclusionsIncreasing fitness level may have a positive impact on the weight-related elevations of MAP seen in obese and overweight schoolchildren.

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