scholarly journals Overview on Hormonal Replacement Therapy in Menopause

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Shaden Akram A. Alanazi ◽  
Atheer Mansour E. Alatawi ◽  
Atheer Salman A. Alhwaiti ◽  
Aumniyat Saad A. Alrashidi ◽  
Ghadah Ali R. Alanazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hormonal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Vasomotor Symptoms ◽  
Hormonal Replacement ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is defined as a therapy that could allow women to free themselves from the malediction of estrogen loss and conserve their femininity. The study aims to summarize the updated evidence regards types, indication, contraindication, and untoward effects of hormonal replacement therapy among menopausal women. There are several different drug classes comprising estrogens, progestogens, and estrogen + progestogen combinations. Estrogen is the primary active component of HRT, treating menopausal symptoms, particularly vasomotor symptoms. There are several adverse effects of hormone replacement therapy that manifest in many different ways depending on the route of administration, and whether that route has local or systemic effects. Further research is needed to study the risks of menopausal HRT and pharmacological studies are needed to lower these risks and make its use safer with less side effects.

Markers of bone remodeling in patients with surgical menopause undergoing hormone replacement therapy with Divigel

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
S. V. Yureneva ◽  
V. P. Smetnik ◽  
N. V. Lyubimova ◽  
V. M. Abaev
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hormonal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hormonal Replacement ◽  
Surgical Menopause

Twenty women with surgical menopause, 40-50 years of age, received hormonal replacement therapy with transdermic preparation Divigel during 24 months. On the background of therapy with Divigel we witnessed normalization of indeces of osteal remodelingconsiderable decrease pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline, and elevation of alkaline phosphatase. Mineral density of bone tissue in the group of patients with surgical menopause waslowerin comparison with control (p0,01). Divigeltumedto exertprotective influence on the bone tissue inpatients with osteoporosis irrespective о f duration о f surgical menopause by the beginning of therapy.

Mammography in women undergoing hormone replacement therapy

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rand ◽  
G. Heytmanek ◽  
M. Seifert ◽  
P. Wunderbaldinger ◽  
S. Kreuzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hormonal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Breast Parenchyma ◽  
Hormonal Replacement ◽  
Grade Scale ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Purpose: A retrospective study of screen-film mammographs was perfomed in 960 postmenopausal women to evaluate the possible effects of hormonal replacement therapy on the breast parenchymal pattern. Material and Methods: Screen-film mammographs of 754 women (mean age 51.4 years) who had undergone hormonal replacement therapy (estrogen, gestagen; mean duration 2.4 years) were compared with findings in 206 women who had not received hormonal replacement therapy (mean age 52.3 years). Mastopathic changes were analyzed according to a 4-grade scale and the incidence of circumscribed lesions (such as fibroadenomas, cysts and malignancies) was further evaluated. Results: in the treated women we found moderate mastopathic changes in 47.2%, intermediate changes in 2.4%, and extensive proliferations in 0.7%. for the untreated women the corresponding figures were 33.5%, 4.8%, and 1.4%. in the treated patients fibroadenomas were apparent in 3.9%, cystic lesions in 3.3%, and malignant lesions in 1.4%. in the untreated women fibroadenomas were evident in 11.6%, cystic lesions in 7.2%, and malignant lesions in 2.4%. Conclusion: Mastopathic changes might increase under hormonal replacement therapy. However, the higher incidence of circumscribed lesions in the untreated women might be due to the higher number of symptomatic women who sought examination. We also speculate as to whether the increased density of the breast parenchyma in the treated women might cause a higher number of mammographically undedectable lesions.

Hormone replacement therapy in pre-menopausal women undergoing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for benign disease: A review of practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Richardson ◽  
Emily West ◽  
Mike Cust
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hormonal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Information Sheet ◽  
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Nice Guidelines ◽  
Nice Guideline ◽  
Hormonal Replacement ◽  
Benign Pathology ◽  
Menopausal Women

Introduction The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline on the diagnosis and management of the menopause states that women who are likely to go through the menopause as a result of surgical treatment should be offered information about the menopause and the importance of starting hormonal replacement therapy before they have their treatment. Objectives To determine compliance with NICE guidelines at the Royal Derby Hospital. Study design We undertook a retrospective review of all pre-menopausal women undergoing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for benign pathology between 1 January 2016 and 30 June 2016. Results Thirty-six cases were reviewed. Women were aged between 32.5 and 49.8 years old (median 45.13, inter-quartile range 42.6–47.6). The commonest indications for bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were dysfunctional uterine bleeding (36.1%), chronic pelvic pain (30.5%), complex cyst (13.9%), and pre-menstrual syndrome (13.9%). Fifteen women (41.7%) did not have hormonal replacement therapy discussed. Only two (5.6%) had hormonal replacement therapy discussed pre-operatively. The remaining 19 had hormonal replacement therapy discussed post-operatively, either on the ward prior to discharge (n = 3) or, more commonly, in clinic six to eight weeks later. Although hormonal replacement therapy was only contraindicated in one woman (3%), it was only prescribed to five (24%). Results were slightly better for women under 40 but still only 28.6% had hormonal replacement therapy discussed with them pre-operatively. Conclusion This audit has demonstrated that compliance with the NICE guidelines is poor. We suspect similar results might be found in other gynaecology departments nationally. A hospital guideline to aid clinicians and a patient information sheet to educate women has been devised. A re-audit is planned six months after ratification of these documents.

scholarly journals Menarche in primary ovarian insufficiency after a month of hormone replacement therapy: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biwen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Hormonal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Breakthrough Bleeding ◽  
Hormonal Replacement ◽  
Ovarian Dysgenesis

Abstract Background Gynecologic anomalies, including uterine agenesis and ovarian dysgenesis, are some of the several differential diagnoses in adolescent females with primary amenorrhea and delayed puberty. Primary ovarian insufficiency is reported in the clinical practice of reproductive endocrinology can be determined by conducting sex hormone tests to evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. However, confirmation of Mullerian agenesis by image modalities can be extremely challenging. Once the diagnosis is established, breakthrough bleeding usually occurs 2 to 3 years after hormonal replacement therapy. Case presentation We report a case of a seventeen year old Taiwanese female, 46 XX karyotype, with ovarian dysgenesis and an initial tentative diagnosis of uterine agenesis who experienced a breakthrough bleeding after a month of hormonal replacement therapy. Conclusions The breakthrough bleeding after a month of estrogen therapy in primary ovarian insufficiency is uncommon, and the diagnosis of the absent uterus can have an extensive psychological impact on patients and their families.

Does hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal women have any effect upon nasal physiology?

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (7) ◽  
pp. 707-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Wild ◽  
C M Philpott ◽  
C R Wolstenholme ◽  
G E Murty
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Female Hormone ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Nasal Physiology ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Age Range

AbstractBackground:Previous studies have suggested that the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy and the oral contraceptive pill have an effect upon nasal physiology.Objectives:This study aimed to assess the effects upon nasal physiology of female hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal women. This has not been previously studied.Methods:Twenty post-menopausal women (age range 36 to 70 years; mean age 57.0 years) underwent measurements of the nasal airway, including anterior rhinoscopy, peak nasal inspiratory flow rate, acoustic rhinometry, anterior rhinomanometry, mucociliary clearance time and rhinitis quality of life questionnaire. Measurements of nasal patency were recorded prior to commencing hormone replacement therapy and at a time point 77–195 days (mean 101.9 days) following commencement.Results:There was no statistical difference found for any of the variables, using the paired t-test (p > 0.05 for all).Conclusions:Female hormone replacement therapy has no discernable effect upon nasal physiology and should not be considered a cause of rhinitic symptoms.

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