scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Cranioplasty Using Different Prosthetic Materials on Functional Improvement in Patients with Post-traumatic Brain Injury: A Protocol

2021 ◽  
pp. 821-826
Author(s):  
Ramnath P. Revankar ◽  
Sweta Kale Pisulkar ◽  
Sandeep W. Iratwar ◽  
Samidha S. Pande ◽  
Nitin Wange
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Autologous Bone Graft ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Prosthetic Materials ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Autologous Bone

Background: Cranioplasty is considered an essential step for restoring defects in the skull, generally due to the esthetic appearance, safety of the brain, or handling the adverse effect of the Trephined Syndrome (TS) or sinking skin flap syndrome. Moreover, many studies saw the unexpected enhancement of cognitive and motor function after cranioplasty. These favorable progressive effects can be helpful in further therapy preparations in association with cranioplasty effects. Nevertheless, the proof is mainly restricted to case studies that do not target comparison between different materials in post-traumatic brain injury (P-TBI) people even though it is helpful but not enough. Objectives: To comparatively evaluate the effect of cranioplasty using autologous bone graft, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), titanium, and bone cement on cognitive and functional improvement in patients with P-TBI. Methodology: 40 subjects will be allocated into four groups. Group A (10 using Autologous bone graft) Group B (10 using PMMA), Group C (10 using Titanium), and Group D (10 using Bone cement). Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) will be used for cognitive improvement. For functional improvement, Muscle power and Barthel index will be used. The data will be compared before and after cranioplasty. Expected Results: Cognitive and functional improvement will be present after cranioplasty. But the effect of cranioplasty using autologous bone graft, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), titanium, and bone cement has to be evaluated & compared to assess the patient’s cognitive and functional improvement and provide desired intervention as required. Conclusion: This study will comparatively evaluate the effect of cranioplasty using different prosthetic materials and determine which material is better for patients' cognitive and functional improvement.

scholarly journals Autologous bone graft in the treatment of post-traumatic bone defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Lemos Azi ◽  
Alessandro Aprato ◽  
Irene Santi ◽  
Mauricio Kfuri ◽  
Alessandro Masse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Autologous Bone Graft ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Autologous Bone

Time Interval Between Traumatic Brain Injury And Post Traumatic Epilepsy

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
Daniel Garbin Di Luca ◽  
Glenda Corrêa Borges de Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
First Year ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Faster Development ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy

Introduction. The estimated time interval in which an individual can develop Post Traumatic Epilepsy (PTE) after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not clear. Objective. To assess the possible influence of the clinical features in the time interval between TBI and PTE develop­ment. Method. We analyzed retrospectively 400 medical records from a tertiary Brazilian hospital. We selected and reevaluated 50 patients and data was confronted with the time between TBI and PTE devel­opment by a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. A Cox-hazard regression was also conducted to define the characteristics that could be involved in the latent period of the PTE development. Results. Patients devel­oped PTE especially in the first year (56%). We found a tendency of a faster development of PTE in patients older than 24 years (P<0.0001) and in men (P=0.03). Complex partial seizures evolving to generalized seizures were predominant in patients after moderate (37.7%) and severe (48.8%) TBIs, and simple partial seizures evolving to general­ized seizures in mild TBIs (45.5%). Conclusions. Our data suggest that the first year after a TBI is the most critical period for PTE de­velopment and those males older than 24 years could have a faster development of PTE.

Association of Ventilation during Initial Trauma Resuscitation for Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Outcomes: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Howard ◽  
Nichole McCollum ◽  
Emily C. Alberto ◽  
Hannah Kotler ◽  
Mary E. Mottla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Trauma Resuscitation ◽  
Cerebral Herniation ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
End Tidal

Abstract Objectives: In the absence of evidence of acute cerebral herniation, normal ventilation is recommended for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite this recommendation, ventilation strategies vary during the initial management of patients with TBI and may impact outcome. The goal of this systematic review was to define the best evidence-based practice of ventilation management during the initial resuscitation period. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, and SCOPUS identified studies from 2009 through 2019 addressing the effects of ventilation during the initial post-trauma resuscitation on patient outcomes. Results: The initial search yielded 899 articles, from which 13 were relevant and selected for full-text review. Six of the 13 articles met the inclusion criteria, all of which reported on patients with TBI. Either end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) or partial pressure carbon dioxide (PCO2) were the independent variables associated with mortality. Decreased rates of mortality were reported in patients with normal PCO2 or ETCO2. Conclusions: Normoventilation, as measured by ETCO2 or PCO2, is associated with decreased mortality in patients with TBI. Preventing hyperventilation or hypoventilation in patients with TBI during the early resuscitation phase could improve outcome after TBI.

scholarly journals Depression following traumatic brain injury: a comprehensive overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Fakhoury ◽  
Zaynab Shakkour ◽  
Firas Kobeissy ◽  
Nada Lawand
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
First Year ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Current State ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Brain Changes

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health concern affecting the neuropsychological health; TBI is accompanied by drastic long-term adverse complications that can influence many aspects of the life of affected individuals. A substantial number of studies have shown that mood disorders, particularly depression, are the most frequent complications encountered in individuals with TBI. Post-traumatic depression (P-TD) is present in approximately 30% of individuals with TBI, with the majority of individuals experiencing symptoms of depression during the first year following head injury. To date, the mechanisms of P-TD are far from being fully understood, and effective treatments that completely halt this condition are still lacking. The aim of this review is to outline the current state of knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of P-TD, to discuss the accompanying brain changes at the anatomical, molecular and functional levels, and to discuss current approaches used for the treatment of P-TD.

Combining Microfractures, Autologous Bone Graft, and Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis for the Treatment of Juvenile Osteochondral Talar Lesions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo D’Ambrosi ◽  
Camilla Maccario ◽  
Chiara Ursino ◽  
Nicola Serra ◽  
Federico Giuseppe Usuelli
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Osteochondral Lesion ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Autologous Bone Graft ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Autologous Bone

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of patients younger than 20 years, treated with the arthroscopic-talus autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AT-AMIC) technique and autologous bone graft for osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT). Methods: Eleven patients under 20 years (range 13.3-20.0) underwent the AT-AMIC procedure and autologous bone graft for OLTs. Patients were evaluated preoperatively (T0) and at 6 (T1), 12 (T2), and 24 (T3) months postoperatively, using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Ankle and Hindfoot (AOFAS) score, the visual analog scale and the SF-12 respectively in its Mental and Physical Component Scores. Radiologic assessment included computed tomographic (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative measurement of the lesion. A multivariate statistical analysis was performed. Results: Mean lesion size measured during surgery was 1.1 cm3 ± 0.5 cm3. We found a significant difference in clinical and radiologic parameters with analysis of variance for repeated measures ( P < .001). All clinical scores significantly improved ( P < .05) from T0 to T3. Lesion area significantly reduced from 119.1 ± 29.1 mm2 preoperatively to 77.9 ± 15.8 mm2 ( P < .05) at final follow-up as assessed by CT, and from 132.2 ± 31.3 mm2 to 85.3 ± 14.5 mm2 ( P < .05) as assessed by MRI. Moreover, we noted an important correlation between intraoperative size of the lesion and body mass index (BMI) ( P = .011). Conclusions: The technique can be considered safe and effective with early good results in young patients. Moreover, we demonstrated a significant correlation between BMI and lesion size and a significant impact of OLTs on quality of life. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.

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