scholarly journals CRATER-SINK SAND TRANSFER SYSTEM

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Inman ◽  
Roland W. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transfer System ◽  
Jet Pump ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Sea Floor

A sand transfer system that requires no surface impounding area and that can be installed and operated at low cost is proposed The system consists of a hydraulic jet assembly operating from the bottom of a sand crater A jet pump and suction mouth are located at the lowest point of a crater-like depression dredged into the sea floor The crater acts as a gravity-fed sink for sand and other cohesion I ess material, thus serving the dual purpose of a mechanism for collecting sand and a sub-surface impounding area for the accumulation of sand.

scholarly journals A review on bioflocculation using microalgae for nutrient removal from waste water.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Swathy Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Excellent Candidate ◽  
Conventional Methods

In recent decades, the eutrophication of surface water has become a major environmental concern. Increased concentration of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous lead to eutrophication condition which highlights the demand for effective and economical methods of removing nitrogen and phosphorous from waste water. Bio flocculation using microalgae is an excellent candidate for satisfying the dual purpose of nutrient removal and waste water treatment. It has so many advantages over conventional methods such as toxic free, no chemical is needed, low cost etc. In this review the bio flocculation of microalgae, its mechanisms, applications and harvesting methods are discussed. Keywords: Bio flocculation, microalgae, nutrient removal, waste water treatment  

scholarly journals Technical Efficiency of the Dual-Purpose Cattle System in Venezuela

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo E. Ortega ◽  
Ronald W. Ward ◽  
Chris O. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Dual Purpose Cattle ◽  
Productivity Indices ◽  
Stochastic Production

A stochastic production frontier model was estimated to provide standard measurement of technical efficiency of the dual-purpose cattle system located in Zulia State, Venezuela. This system is based on local and low-cost inputs, but has been considered to be inefficient because of its low partial productivity indices when compared with those used in developed countries. Results indicate that the efficiency of this system is reasonably high, downplaying the general idea of inefficiency. Likewise, the efficiency of this system has the potential for improvement through public policies and managerial decisions based on the determinants of technical efficiency.

Minimising the risk of Mycobacterium chimaera infection during cardiopulmonary bypass by the removal of heater-cooler units from the operating room

Perfusion ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Barker ◽  
Uday Dandekar ◽  
Nina Fraser ◽  
Lincoln Dawkin ◽  
Paul Sweeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Surgical Field ◽  
Circuit Function

Introduction: Mycobacterium chimaera ( M. chimaera) is a recently characterised bacterium that can cause life-threatening infections in small numbers of patients who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery. The likely mode of transmission is thought to occur through aerosolisation from contaminated water reservoirs. The airborne bacteria then contaminate the surgical field, leading to an infection months or even years later. The preferred practical solution to disrupt the transmission of these airborne bacteria to the patient is to remove the heater-cooler units (HCUs) from the operating room (OR). We describe a process of achieving this in order to provide information to guide other institutions who wish to do a similar thing. Methods: A multidisciplinary team was assembled to work on the project. The planning phase involved trialling different OR layouts and simulating the alterations in the HCU circuit function. The changes to the OR were made over a weekend to minimise disruption to the operating schedule. Results: The HCU was moved to the dirty utility room adjacent to the OR. Standard operating procedures (SOP) and risk assessments were made to enable this to be used for a dual purpose. One of the ORs was reconfigured to allow the cardiopulmonary bypass machine to be located close to the HCU in the dirty utility room. The total cost of the alterations was £6,158. Although we have provided a physical barrier to interrupt patient exposure to aerosolised M. chimaera from HCUs, we continue to perform cultures and decontamination as per the national recommendations. The SOP was designed to be auditable to ensure compliance with the protocols. Conclusions: We show a method by which the HCU can be removed from the OR in a relatively low-cost, straightforward and practical manner.

A low cost image transfer system for small medical centers

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Salazar ◽  
Manuel Guillermo Forero ◽  
Stephane Goudin ◽  
Francois Langevin ◽  
Michel Faucht
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transfer System ◽  
Image Transfer ◽  
Medical Centers

scholarly journals DEVELOPING AFFORDABLE BATHYMETRIC ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES USING NON-CONVENTIONAL PAYLOAD FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE INSPECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 807-811
Author(s):  
F. Mugnai ◽  
A. Ridolfi ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
M. Franchi ◽  
G. Tucci
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Spatial Reconstruction ◽  
Underwater Navigation

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper focuses on the implementation of new techniques for bathymetric inspections. The scope is the exploitation of sensors, usually and commonly used for navigation, namely the altimeter and the Forward Looking Sonar (FLS), for identifying objects which are laying on the sea floor. In this particular framework, the low spatial resolution and coverage of these sensors have been enhanced through the application of classical computational geometry. The altimeter and the FLS are part of the most common underwater navigation systems, and they are vastly mounted on Autonomous Underwater Vehicles. Although they are not designed for this kind of accurate measurements and for 3D spatial reconstruction, they are quite cost-effective if compared with standard multibeam acoustic systems. Developing a technique for exploiting such an affordable low cost and widely used sensor will empower the Cultural Heritage community of users, giving a feasible opportunity to perform effective archaeological campaigns also within small funded projects.</p>

The economic benefits of providing shelter to reduce the mortality of twin lambs in south-western Victoria

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 773 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Young ◽  
G. Saul ◽  
R. Behrendt ◽  
F. Byrne ◽  
M. McCaskill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
Stocking Rates

Achieving higher lamb weaning percentages by reducing lamb mortality can improve the profitability of sheep enterprises. In this paper we estimated the financial benefits from providing shelter to reduce the mortality of twin lambs in self-replacing Merino or dual-purpose Merino flock enterprises in south-west Victoria. A whole-farm bio-economic model (MIDAS) was initially used to estimate the increase in profit from reducing mortality of twin lambs and a second analysis included the costs of using perennial grass hedges to provide the shelter during lambing. The economic value of providing shelter was tested at three rates of twinning (10, 30 and 50%), three rates of mortality without shelter (70, 50 and 30%) and two levels of reduction in lamb mortality by providing shelter (25 and 50% reduction). A sensitivity analysis to wool and lamb prices, costs of establishing the grass hedges and stocking rates in the shelter area were also tested. Overall, more than 2500 scenarios were tested. Across the range of twinning rates and levels of twin mortality tested, at standard wool and meat prices, providing shelter to the dual-purpose Merino ewe flock was always profitable ($0.05 to 11.35/ewe) and the profits from providing shelter to the self-replacing Merino ewe flock were generally lower ($0.15 to $6.35/ewe). The impacts of changing wool and lamb prices depended on enterprise type, whereas the costs of establishment of the hedges or stocking rate of ewes in the hedge area during lambing had little impact on profitability. The main factor that determined the economic return from shelter was the reduction in mortality provided by the shelter but the proportion of twin-bearing ewes in the flock and the base rate of lamb mortality without shelter was also important. Overall, based on the assumptions used, we conclude that the profitability of many sheep enterprises lambing during frequent high chill weather conditions in temperate areas of south-eastern Australia could be improved by providing low cost shelter for twin-bearing Merino ewes lambing from July to September.

scholarly journals Photopolymerized superhydrophobic hybrid coating enabled by dual-purpose tetrapodal ZnO for liquid/liquid separation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxuan Li ◽  
Brian Lee ◽  
Chenxu Wang ◽  
Aayushi Bajpayee ◽  
Lacey Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Hybrid Coating ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Stainless Steel Mesh ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Efficient Separation ◽  
Coating Methods

The development of low-cost and scalable superhydrophobic coating methods demands viable approaches for energy-efficient separation of immiscible liquid/liquid mixtures. A scalable photoinitiated method is developed to functionalize stainless-steel mesh with...

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