Parameter substantiation of supra bit jet pump for productive formation opening

The purpose of the study is to develop a supra bit jet pump taking into account the unsteadiness of low-speed drilling for crushing the cuttings injected from the annular space under productive formation opening. The article proposes a device for drill string bottom assembly intended for the initial opening of the productive formation. The device includes a supra bit jet pump and a colmatator. The jet pump creates an additional circulation loop of the drilling fluid above the well bottom, crushes the cuttings injected from the annular space in the mixing chamber and delivers it to the colmatator. An additional circulation loop above the well bottom creates a local drawdown of the formation while maintaining the hydrostatic pressure in the well. Crushing of cuttings in the mixing chamber of the jet pump occurs due to the creation of cross flows in the jet pump. The cross flows are provided due to the angular and eccentric displacement of the working nozzle of the jet pump relative to the mixing chamber. The colmatator creates an impermeable screen on the borehole wall for temporary isolation of the productive formation under initial opening. The conducted study allowed the authors to propose head characteristics of the jet pump taking into account the angular, eccentric displacement of the working nozzle. The head characteristic of the jet pump has been developed for the unsteady operation of the jet pump in the drill string bottom assembly. The head characteristics take into account the roughness of the flow path of the jet pump. Using the head characteristics, the permissible displacements of the working nozzle of the jet pump have been determined. Recommendations for the design of jet pumps for drill string bottom assemblies are proposed.

Strategy of Compatible Use of Jet and Plunger Pump with Chrome Parts in Oil Well

During oil fields operation, gas is extracted along with oil. In this article it is suggested to use jet pumps for utilization of the associated oil gas, burning of which causes environmental degradation and poses a potential threat to the human body. In order to determine the possibility of simultaneous application of a sucker-rod pump, which is driven by a rocking machine, and a jet pump (ejector) in the oil well, it is necessary to estimate the distribution of pressure along the borehole from the bottomhole to the mouth for two cases: when the well is operated only be the sucker-rod pump and while additional installation of the oil-gas jet pump above its dynamic level. For this purpose, commonly known methods of Poettman-Carpenter and Baksendel were used. In addition, the equations of high-pressure and low-pressure oil-gas jet pumps were obtained for the case, when the working stream of the jet pump is a gas-oil production mixture and the injected stream is a gas from the annulus of the well. The values which are included in the resulting equations are interrelated and can only be found in a certain sequence. Therefore, a special methodology has been developed for the practical usage of these equations in order to calculate the working parameters of a jet pump based on the given independent working parameters of the oil well. Using this methodology, which was implemented in computer programs, many operating parameters were calculated both for the well and for the jet pump itself (pressures, densities of working, injected and mixed flows, flow velocities and other parameters in control sections). According to the results of calculations, graphs were built that indicate a number of regularities during the oil well operation with such a jet pump. The main result of the performed research is a recommendation list on the choice of the oil-gas jet pump location inside the selected oil well and generalization of the principles for choosing the perfect location of such ejectors for other wells. The novelty of the proposed study lays in a systematic approach to rod pump and our patented ejector pump operation in the oil and chrome plating of pump parts. The result of scientific research is a sound method of determining the rational location of the ejector in the oil well and the calculation of its geometry, which will provide a complete selection of petroleum gas released into the annulus of the oil well. To ensure reliable operation of jet and plunger pumps in oil wells, it is proposed to use reinforcement of parts (bushings, plungers, rods, etc.) by electrochemical chromium plating in a flowing electrolyte. This has significantly increased the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the operational surfaces of these parts and, accordingly, the service life of the pumps. Such measures will contribute to oil production intensification from wells and improve the environmental condition of oil fields.

Assessment of Cavitation Erosion in a Water-Jet Pump Based on the Erosive Power Method

Cavitation affects the performance of water-jet pumps. Cavitation erosion will appear on the surface of the blade under long-duration cavitation conditions. The cavitation evolution under specific working conditions was simulated and analyzed. The erosive power method based on the theory of macroscopic cavitation was used to predict cavitation erosion. The result shows that the head of the water-jet pump calculated using the DCM-SST turbulence model is 12.48 m. The simulation error of the rated head is 3.8%. The cavitation structure of tip leakage vortex was better captured. With the decrease of the net positive suction head, the position where the severe cavitation appears in the impeller domain gradually moves from the tip to the root. The erosion region obtained by the cavitation simulation based on the erosive power method is similar to the practical erosion profile in engineering. As the net positive suction head decreases, the erodible area becomes larger, and the erosion intensity increases.

Artificial Lift Rigless Opportunity to Re-Activate the Inactive Wells Inventory an a Middle East Mega-Field After a Successful Pilot of a Best Practices and New Technology With Jet Pump

A Gulf oil operation company has been working to evaluate a rigless method of Artificial Lift System (ALS) suitable for its current assets and any future needs on ALS to minimize the impact of deferred production, and having the flexibility to bringing back the inactive string to production and act as a sustained production lift method. This paper describes a comprehensive study of the main objectives for a rigless Artificial Lift trial. The Rigless Jet Pump system was selected as one of the ALS fast implementation methods to activate the inactive wells. The trial was conducted in two inactive wells; across two different mega-fields, enabling both wells to produce stably and continuously with an average production rate of 650 BOPD. A thorough assessment was performed and the Rigless Jet Pump System was declared as a successful pilot providing confidence to scale up across all the company fields. The scale-up plans it will include 10 systems that can be rotated and applied where needed across all company fields. The trial implementation of the Rigless Jet Pump was evaluated based on supply and the connectivity in the field. This includes equipment mobilization (from the call-out time), availability of the field resources, the installation job, and up to the Surface Equipment connectivity plan. The evaluation also closely monitored the subsequence rig-up procedure and rigless deployment of the downhole equipment which was designed for installation straddled across an existing gas lift side pocket mandrel. Once surface and subsurface installation was completed, the wells were put on production to reactivate the inactive strings. Both wells were tested to confirm the achievement of a minimum of 80% of the designed production rates. The performance of the rigless activation of inactive wells using a jet pump has been proven successful. Both wells showed promising results while jet pump operation confirming a profitable alternative to accelerate production across fields toward achieving production mandates. The performance of the system delivered the Efficiency and Safety (HSE & Integrity) expected as part of the project KPI's. This novel practice for the Jet Pump System is linked to the rigless deployment and retrieval mechanism with topside equipment skid mounted for easy movement to other wells. This gives to the oil field operators an alternative and competitive edge over other modes of lift that required a workover program. The rigless method can be adapted to the existing in-active wells with SPM (side Pocket Mandrels) or without; by a tubing punch after a comprehensive integrity evaluation.

Development and Validation of a Design Tool for an Improved Pitot-Tube Jet-Pump Allowing Continuous Fluid-Fluid Separation

A Pitot-tube Jet-Pump (PTJ pump) has been considerably modified and extended in order to continuously separate and transport liquids of different densities. As a first application, an oil-water mixture is considered in this work. The modified PTJ pump could be used as a primary separator for oil-polluted water (e.g., around off-shore platforms, after oil spills from ships), while additionally being able to transport the resulting fluid to further heaters, exchangers, centrifuges, distillation columns, etc., without necessitating additional machinery. The performance behavior of the separating PTJ pump (abbreviated SPP in what follows) has been first investigated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and then validated by comparison with experimental data acquired on a small-scale prototype. Based on these observations, a design tool has been developed to (i) predict performance and (ii) support proper device scaling. This tool is based on dimensionless parameters that are already employed for classical turbomachinery, similar to the Cordier chart. However, since the SPP works at an extremely low specific speed, its operating points lie outside the standard Cordier chart. To verify the accuracy of the design tool, a scale-up test has been conducted and validated by CFD, delivering a good agreement. A separation efficiency better than 99% has been obtained in the experiments for suitable operation conditions, while the numerical scale-up test reveals a head of 15.1 m and an oil content below 0.2% in the purified water at the High-Pressure Outlet.

Design features of a high-vacuum steam jet pump and some results of its tests

This paper presents an original design of a high-vacuum steam jet pump in which a heater made of a heating cable is immersed in a working fluid located in a stainless steel boiler. At the same time, the boiler itself is vacuum isolated from the pump housing. There is also a heater made of a heating cable in a stainless steel shell, made in the form of a spiral and immersed in a working fluid. Such an arrangement of the heater is possible only when a liquid with a homogeneous chemical composition and a low saturated vapor pressure is used as a working fluid in high-vacuum pumps.

Numerical Investigation of the Flow Field and Mass Transfer Characteristics in a Jet Slurry Pump

A jet pump is used to transport a variety of working media and is especially suitable for dredged soil transporting. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical study of a jet pump that is used for slurry delivery was carried out. The characteristics of the internal flow field of the mixing chamber with different working parameters were comprehensively analyzed. The results indicate that the pressure of the axial line decreases with increasing flow ratio (ratio of suction flux and inlet flux) while the pressure of the injected slurry shows a downward trend. With the increase in the flow ratio, the pressure ratio (difference between inlet pressure and suction pressure divided by the difference between exit pressure and suction pressure) falls off while the efficiency presents a parabolic distribution. The pressure ratio can be promoted by properly increasing the length of the mixing chamber so that the available efficiency is broadened. When the mixing chamber length is L = 2.5Dn~4.0Dn (Dn is nozzle outlet diameter), the highly efficient area is wide; in particular, when L = 3.5Dn, the jet slurry pump with the highest efficiency of 27.6% has the best performance.