scholarly journals MARINE PIPELINE PROTECTION WITH FLEXIBLE MATTRESS

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Alan D. Crowhurst
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Gas Fields

Development of oil and gas fields offshore presents new problems in the design of the civil engineering works since in many cases little is known about prevailing conditions on the bed of the sea over the considerable lengths involved. Movement of pipelines after construction, is, therefore, not uncommon and may result in the failure of the line. Consequent losses can be considerable. Pipelines are also vulnerable to mechanical damage by anchors and by fishing activities, the latter giving rise to political problems where the pipelines are laid across existing fishing grounds. To give protection to oil and gas pipelines as well as to marine outfalls and cables a method of protection has been developed using the well known concept of rock filled wire mesh or gabions. To adapt this method to use in underwater works another well proven material, sand mastic asphalt, has been combined with the gabion mattresses to give the required qualities of strength, durability, flexibility together with sufficient weight to restrain movement in the pipeline.

scholarly journals Research on the Steel for Oil and Gas Pipelines in Sour Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Shao
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Acidic Environment ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Corrosive Media ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Gas Fields

In recent years, there are more and more oil and gas fields containing H2S corrosive media, and it is imperative to develop oil and gas transmission pipes in acidic environment. The research progress of steel for oil and gas pipelines in acidic environment is reviewed from the aspects of H2S corrosion mechanism and influencing factors in pipeline service under acidic service conditions. At the same time, the development status of sour-resistance corrosion oil and gas transmission steel tubes at home and abroad is introduced. Pipeline steel is further explored in terms of SSCC-resistance research and improvement of corresponding standards.

scholarly journals A Simulated Model for Assesing the Line Condition of Onshore Pipelines

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 06003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaik Nagoor Basha ◽  
Pedapati Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Inspection Data ◽  
Propagation Network ◽  
Gas Fields

Pipelines are considered safest mode of transport because of their limited number of facilities. It is therefore very important to monitor and optimize their operation and reduce their facilities to acceptable limits. Hence, it is an immediate requirement to assess and predict condition of existing oil and gas pipelines and to prioritize the planning of their inspection on a timely basis. Therefore, this study presents the development of models based on specific factors, that can predict the condition of onshore oil and gas pipelines. The model was developed using BPN (Back Propagation Network) techniques based on historical inspection data collected from the oil and gas fields. The model is expected to help pipeline operators to assess the condition of existing oil and gas pipelines and hence prioritize their inspection and rehabilitation operations.

Integrity Assessment of Multiple Dents in Oil and Gas Pipelines Using Probabilistic Design Analysis

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husain Mohammed Al-Muslim ◽  
Abul Fazal M. Arif
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Probabilistic Design ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Pipe Geometry

Mechanical damage in transportation pipelines is a threat to its structural integrity. Failure in oil and gas pipelines is catastrophic as it leads to personal fatalities, injuries, property damage, loss of production and environmental pollution. Therefore, this issue is of extreme importance to Pipeline Operators, Government and Regulatory Agencies, and local Communities. As mechanical damage can occur during the course of pipeline life due to many reasons, appropriate tools and procedures for assessment of severity are necessary. There are many parameters that affect the severity of the mechanical damage related to the pipe geometry and material properties, the defect geometry and boundary conditions, and the pipe state of strain and stress. Moreover, multiple damaged areas may exist and interact like in the case of a hit by a multiple-tooth excavator. The main objective of this paper is to determine the distance and orientation where interaction of multiple dents is significant. The strain and stress fields are evaluated for static pressure loading and the stress range and fatigue life are evaluated for cyclic pressure loading. Accordingly, guidelines are developed for the integrity assessment of multiple dents in oil and gas pipelines. The input parameters of the problem including the pipe material, pipe geometry, dent dimensions, and distance and orientation between two dents have a great variability. Therefore, probabilistic design approach is applied to determine the sensitivity and correlation between the output and input parameters. The base case deterministic FEA model has been validated with full-instrumented full-scale tests conducted by Pipeline Research Council International as part of their active program to fully characterize mechanical damage.

Procedure for Identifying Deformations in Oil and Gas Pipelines Subject to External Forces, Based on Primary ILI Data

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Galvis Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
External Forces

Oil and gas pipelines that pass through mountainous terrain are subject to an increase in the number of sections affected by the bending deformation’s resulting from external forces, which, when coupled with the construction and operational processes of the systems, cause mechanical damage to the pipelines that has led to containment losses, resulting in operational cost overruns and harmful effects on the environment and on nearby communities, while leaving at high risk the integrity of the petroleum infrastructure. By using primary data obtained through so-called “smart” in-line inspections or intelligent line inspections (ILIs), the occurrence and magnitude of these deformations and displacements of the pipelines can be determined. With the aid of geotechnical analytical techniques, this information can facilitate the interpretation of the processes that induce these thrusts. The starting point is the existing knowledge of the characteristics of the installation of the pipelines and of the clearances permitted by the rules and/or reference standards of the industry. The next step consists of comparing that data against the XYZ Data inertial mapping data (obtained through rotations of the XGP geometric tool) in one or more ILI runs, as part of the mechanical analysis procedure. As a recommended practice, an algorithm is developed for handling the ILI data, showing in parallel the geotechnical zoning data, illustrating it with a study algorithm.

The series of measures for improvement of safety in oil and gas facilities producing, processing and transporting materials containing hydrogen sulfide Part 1. Corrosion-mechanical attack of hydrogen sulfide-containing media on steel equipment. The choice of construction steels and noncorrosive alloys for the oil and gas equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Alkaline Earth Elements ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Steel Equipment ◽  
Corrosive Activity ◽  
Gas Fields

The necessity of the complex approach is defined for increase of reliability of the oil and gas equipment operated under pressure of hydrogen sulfide-containing medium, including: - control at the stages of design, manufacturing, commissioning, operation, repair and reconstruction; - organization of corrosion service; - rational choice of materials for equipment manufacturing and its repair; - use of different methods to protect equipment against corrosion: - diagnostics of equipment and evaluation of corrosion protection efficiency; - conducting corrosion tests of materials and corrosion control. The trend of increasing corrosive activity of the products of a number of hydrogen sulfide-bearing oil and gas fields is described. This is associated with their watering and contamination by sulfate-reducing bacteria. All types of corrosion-mechanical damage of steels in accordance with GOST R 53679-2009 (ISO 15156-1:2001) are considered. Comments are given on each of these types of damage and the types of steels that are prone to these defects are shown. The recommendations of GOST R 53679-2009 (ISO 15156-1:2001) are given for the selection of steel equipment operated under pressure of hydrogen sulfide-containing media depending on the type of their corrosionmechanical failure, with comments. Requirements for the use of steels modified with rare-earth metals (REM) and alkaline-earth elements (ALE) intended for operation in hydrogen sulfide-containing media are given.

Potential of recovering elements from produced water at oil and gas fields, British Columbia, Canada

CIM Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-214
Author(s):  
G. J. Simandl ◽  
C. Akam ◽  
M. Yakimoski ◽  
D. Richardson ◽  
A. Teucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Fields

Аdaptability of building structures for oil and gas fields

2017 ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
A.V. Antonov ◽  
◽  
Yu.V. Maksimov ◽  
A.N. Korkishko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Fields
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