scholarly journals Dynamic Model-Free and Model-Fitting Kinetic Analysis during Torrefaction of Oil Palm Frond Pellets

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
Sharmeela Matali ◽  
Norazah Abd Rahman ◽  
Siti Shawalliah Idris ◽  
Nurhafizah Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Palm Frond

Torrefaction is a thermal conversion method extensively used for improving the properties of biomass. Usually this process is conducted within a temperature range of 200-300 °C under an inert atmosphere with residence time up to 60 minutes. This work aimed to study the kinetic of thermal degradation of oil palm frond pellet (OPFP) as solid biofuel for bioenergy production. The kinetics of OPFP during torrefaction was studied using frequently used iso-conversional model fitting (Coats-Redfern (CR)) and integral model-free (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS)) methods in order to provide effective apparent activation energy as a function of conversion. The thermal degradation experiments were conducted at four heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C/min in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) under non-oxidative atmosphere. The results revealed that thermal decomposition kinetics of OPFP during torrefaction is significantly influenced by the severity of torrefaction temperature. Via Coats-Redfern method, torrefaction degradation reaction mechanism follows that of reaction order with n = 1. The activation energy values were 239.03 kJ/mol and 109.28 kJ/mol based on KAS and CR models, respectively. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 

scholarly journals DRYING KINETICS OF OIL PALM FROND WASTE USING SIMPLE BATCH OVEN DRYER

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Abdul Halim ◽  
Bayu Triwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Operation Temperature ◽  
Drying Kinetic ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Operation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Palm Frond

Drying phenomena of oil palm frond waste as agriculture waste was observed using simple batch oven dryer. The operation temperatures were 50, 80 and 120 C. The sample of oil palm frond was weighed periodically every 30 minutes. Moisture content, shrinkage phenomena and drying kinetic model were investigated to the difference operation temperature. Experimental result exhibited that temperature influent significantly to the drying rate. The water transport controlled by diffuse mechanism. Shrinkage occurred in radial direction and decreased the size to almost 65% from initial size. In longitudinal direction almost is not change of size.

scholarly journals Characteristics and modeling kinetics of oil palm frond petiole pyrolysis using thermogravimetric analyzer

2021 ◽  
Vol 847 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
A Prasetiyo ◽  
S Sukarni ◽  
A A Wibowo ◽  
A A Permanasari ◽  
P Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Palm Frond

MODEL FREE KINETICS ANALYSIS OF IMPERATA CYLINDRICA (LALANG)

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (8-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olagoke Oladokun ◽  
Arshad Ahmad ◽  
Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah ◽  
Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma ◽  
Syie Luing Wong
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Isoconversional Methods ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study is the first attempt at investigating the solid state decomposition and the devolatilization kinetics of Imperata cylindrica (lalang) grass termed the “farmer’s nightmare weed” as a potential solid biofuel of the future. Biomass conversion technologies such as pyrolysis and gasification can be utilized for future green energy needs. However an important step in the efficient utilization and process optimizing of biomass conversion processes is understanding the thermal decomposition kinetics of the feedstock. Consequently, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of Imperata cylindrica was carried out in the temperature range of 30-1000 °C at four heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 K min-1 using Nitrogen at a flow rate of 20 L min-1 as purge gas. Using the TGA results, the kinetic parameters activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential frequency factor (ko) of the grass were estimated via the model free or isoconversional methods of Kissinger and Starink. The results obtained for Kissinger model were 151.36 kJ moI-1 and 5.83 x 109 min-1 for activation energy and pre-exponential frequency factor respectively. However, Starink model activation energy and pre-exponential frequency factor were a function of conversion (α) with average values of 159.93 kJ mol-1 and 6.33 x 1022 min-1 respectively. 

Thermal degradation kinetics and lifetime of HDPE/PLLA/pro-oxidant blends

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 917-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Madhu ◽  
Dev K. Mandal ◽  
Haripada Bhunia ◽  
Pramod K. Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Calculation Technique ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior

Abstract The effect of adding poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) with and without a pro-oxidant additive cobalt stearate (CoSt) and compatibilizer maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MA-g-PE) on the thermal degradation and stability of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) films was analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetic parameters [i.e. activation energy (Ea), order of reaction (n), and frequency factor ln(A)] of the samples were studied over a temperature range of 25°C–600°C at four heating rates (i.e. 5, 10, 15, and 20°C/min) through model-free techniques (e.g. Friedman, second Kissinger, and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa) and model-fitting techniques (e.g. Freeman-Carroll and Kim-Park). The value of Ea for neat HDPE was found to be much higher than PLLA; for the HDPE/PLLA blend, it was nearer to that of HDPE. An increase in the activation energy of 80/20 (HDPE/PLLA) blend was noticed by the addition of MA-g-PE. The TGA data and degradation kinetics were also used to predict the lifetime of the film samples. The lifetime of HDPE was found to decrease with the increase in the concentration of CoSt, thereby revealing its pro-oxidative ability. Minimum lifetime was noted for the HDPE/PLLA (80/20) sample blended with CoSt, which increased slightly in the presence of MA-g-PE. Studies indicated that the thermal degradation behavior and lifetime of the investigated film samples depends not only on the fractions of their constituents but also on the heating rates and calculation technique.

Drying Kinetics of Oil Palm Frond Particles in an Agitated Fluidized Bed Dryer

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifa Puspasari ◽  
Meor Zainal Meor Talib ◽  
Wan Ramli Wan Daud ◽  
Siti Masrinda Tasirin
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Palm Frond

scholarly journals Application of Michaelis–Menten in the kinetics of oil palm frond enzymatic hydrolysis for ferulic acid production

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulsyazwan Ahmad Khushairi ◽  
Kamaliah Abdul Samad ◽  
Nurul Aliaa Abdul Rahman ◽  
Hafizuddin Wan Yussof ◽  
Norazwina Zainol
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Ferulic Acid Production ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Palm Frond

Kinetics of Xylan Autohydrolysis During Subcritical Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Oil Palm Frond Pressed Fiber

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof ◽  
Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan ◽  
Mohd Rafein Zakaria ◽  
Mohd Ali Hassan ◽  
Yoshihito Shirai
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Hydrothermal Pretreatment ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Palm Frond

scholarly journals Thermogravimetric kinetic analysis of in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of palm oil wastes with the presence of palm oil wastes ash catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 1195 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
S W Hii ◽  
B L F Chin ◽  
C L Yiin ◽  
F R S Majing ◽  
Z A Jawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Palm Frond

Abstract The thermal degradation and kinetic analysis for oil palm frond (OPF) and oil palm trunk (OPT) with its ashes were investigated using thermogravimetric approach (TGA). OPF ash, OPT ash and its mixtures are used as a natural source of catalysts in the pyrolytic conversion of the palm oil wastes to bioenergy. The TGA experiments were conducted in a range of heating rates of 10-100 K/min from the temperature of 323 K to 1173 K. Coats-Redfern model is applied in this study to evaluate the activation energy (EA ) and pre-exponential factor (A). The average EA values ranged 24.27-32.36 kJ.mol−1 and 41.42-46.10 kJ.mol−1 for pyrolysis of OPF and OPT respectively. Meanwhile, the average EA values ranged 24.27-31.06 kJ.mol−1 and 31.77-43.45 kJ.mol−1 for catalytic pyrolysis of OPF and OPT respectively.

Comparative study on the pyrolysis kinetics of polyurethane foam from waste refrigerators

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhitong Yao ◽  
Shaoqi Yu ◽  
Weiping Su ◽  
Weihong Wu ◽  
Junhong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Ozawa Method ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Distributed Activation Energy Model ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Kinetics Of

Thermal treatment offers advantages of significant volume reduction and energy recovery for the polyurethane foam from waste refrigerators. In this work, the pyrolysis kinetics of polyurethane foam was investigated using the model-fitting, model-free and distributed activation energy model methods. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the polyurethane foam decomposition could be divided into three stages with temperatures of 38°C–400°C, 400°C–550°C and 550°C–1000°C. Peak temperatures for the major decomposition stage (<400°C) were determined as 324°C, 342°C and 344°C for heating rates of 5, 15 and 25 K min-1, respectively. The activation energy ( Eα) from the Friedman, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and Tang methods increased with degree of conversion ( α) in the range of 0.05 to 0.5. The coefficients from the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method were larger and the resulted Eα values fell into the range of 163.980–328.190 kJ mol-1 with an average of 206.099 kJ mol-1. For the Coats–Redfern method, the diffusion models offered higher coefficients, but the E values were smaller than that from the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method. The Eα values derived from the distributed activation energy model method were determined as 163.536–334.231 kJ mol-1, with an average of 206.799 kJ mol-1. The peak of activation energy distribution curve was located at 205.929 kJ mol-1, consistent with the thermogravimetric results. The Flynn–Wall–Ozawa and distributed activation energy model methods were more reliable for describing the polyurethane foam pyrolysis process.

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