Comparison of Zinc,Vitamin A &D Serum Levels Between Children With Respiratory Tract Infection And Healthy Individuals in two Iranian Referral Hospitals

Abstract Background Currently, Pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in developing countries including Ethiopia. Despite, these problems are easily preventable and treatable it contributes to more than 18% of deaths of under-five children every year in Ethiopia. Regardless of these facts, there is a paucity of information regarding the magnitude and its predictors of pneumonia in Ethiopia. Thus, assessing the pooled magnitude of pneumonia and its predictors among under-five children in Ethiopia is the main objective of this review. Methods The international databases such as MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Science Direct were scientifically explored. We considered all primary studies reporting the magnitude of pneumonia among under-five children and its predictors in Ethiopia. We retrieved all necessary data by using a standardized data extraction format spreadsheet. STATA 14 statistical software was used to analyze the data and Cochrane Q test statistics and I 2 test was used to assess the heterogeneity between the studies. There was significant heterogeneity between the studies so that a random effect model was employed. Result The pooled magnitude of Pneumonia Among Under Five Children was 20.68%, (I 2 = 97.9%%; P ≤ 0.001) from 12 included studies in Ethiopia. Children who unvaccinated [OR = 2.45], food cooking in the main house [OR = 2.46], Vitamin A supplementation status [OR = 2.85], malnutrition [OR = 2.98], mixed breast feeding [OR = 2.46], child history of respiratory tract infection [OR = 4.11] were a potential determinates of pneumonia. Conclusion and Recommendations This review showed that the magnitude of pneumonia was relatively high. Hence, appropriate intervention on potential determinates such as health education on exclusive breastfeeding and nutrition, place of food cooking, increase immunization and Vitamin A supplementation and early control of respiratory tract infection was recommended to prevent those risk factors.

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SERUM VITAMIN A LEVELS IN CHILDREN DURING ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS AND LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2016/1135 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (69) ◽

pp. 4999-5002

Author(s):

Divyashree S ◽

Suresh Kirupanandhan

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Serum Vitamin

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Magnitude and Predictors of Pneumonia among Under-Five Children in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2020/1606783 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Yoseph Merkeb Alamneh ◽

Fentahun Adane

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children

Background. Pneumonia is currently the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Although these problems are easily preventable and treatable, it contributes to more than 18% of deaths of under-five children every year in Ethiopia. Regardless of these facts, there is a paucity of information regarding the magnitude and its predictors of pneumonia in Ethiopia. Therefore, the main objective of this review is to determine the pooled magnitude of pneumonia and its predictors among under-five children in Ethiopia. Methods. The international databases such as MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were scientifically explored. Articles were also searched by examining the gray literature on institutional databases and by reviewing reference lists of already identified articles. We considered all primary studies reporting the magnitude of pneumonia among under-five children and its predictors in Ethiopia. We retrieved all necessary data by using a standardized data extraction format spreadsheet. STATA 14 statistical software was used to analyze the data, and Cochrane’s Q test statistics and I2 test were used to assess the heterogeneity between the studies. Significant variability was found between the studies in such a way that a random-effect model was used. Result. The pooled magnitude of pneumonia among under-five children was 20.68% (I2 = 97.9%; P≤0.001) out of 12 studies in Ethiopia. Children who have unvaccinated (OR = 2.45), food cooking in the main house (OR = 2.46), vitamin A supplementation status (OR = 2.85), malnutrition (OR = 2.98), mixed breastfeeding (OR = 2.46), and child history of respiratory tract infection (OR = 4.11) were potential determinates of pneumonia. Conclusion and Recommendations. This review showed that the magnitude of pneumonia was relatively high. Hence, appropriate intervention on potential determinates such as health education on exclusive breastfeeding and nutrition, place of food cooking, increased immunization and vitamin A supplementation, and early control of respiratory tract infection was recommended to prevent those risk factors.

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Serum sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 Levels in Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia and Their Diagnostic Value

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/7179796 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Chengchao Fang ◽

Yueyan Mao ◽

Mingfen Jiang ◽

Wei Yin

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽

Myeloid Cell ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Critically Ill Children ◽

Trigger Receptor ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. It is characterized by severe symptoms, long course of disease, many intrapulmonary complications, and poor therapeutic effect. In recent years, the incidence of Mycoplasma infection have been gradually rising trend, and the children’s own immune system development is not mature, cases differences, children with mild can only show the upper respiratory tract infection, and critically ill children can lead to lung infection and even lead to multiple organ dysfunction, affect life and health of children. Soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1) is a subtype secreted by myeloid cell trigger receptor-1, which is released into blood in large amounts when the body is infected, and is a newly discovered inflammatory indicator in recent years. CXC chemokine 16 (CXCL-16) can recruit lymphocytes by chemotaxis through binding to its receptor CXCR6 to participate in the body’s immune regulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate serum sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 levels in children with MPP and to analyze their correlation with the disease and diagnostic value. The results showed that the serum levels of sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 were increased in children with Mycoplasma. Serum levels of sTREM-1 and CXCL-16 were positively correlated with the severity of the disease. sTREM-1 combined with CXCL-16 has an important value in the diagnosis of children with MPP.

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Efek suplementasi vitamin A pada ibu nifas terhadap pertumbuhan bayi umur 0-4 bulan

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia ◽

10.22146/ijcn.15440 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Abdullah Abdullah ◽

Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono ◽

Siti Helmyati

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation ◽

Education Group

Background: Vitamin A deficiency is a nutritional problem in infants since breastmilk insufficiently contains vitamin A. Therefore it is necessary to study the effect of vitamin A supplementation to mothers at parturition period on growth and morbidities of infants at 0-4 months of age.Objective: To identify the effect of vitamin A supplementation to mothers at parturition period on growth and morbidities of infants at 0-4 months of age.Method: We conducted a randomized controlled trial from March-July 2009 at Province of Lampung. We recruited 90 mothers that were grouped into vitamin A supplementation group and socialization about vitamin A group during parturition period. The outcomes of this study were growth in WHZ and morbidities of infants at 0-4 months of age measured as duration of acute diarrhea and upper respiratory infections. Statistical analysis was performed by using Chi-Square and t-test.Results: The growth of infants of 0-4 months from vitamin A supplemented mothers was not significantly different from the socialization group. Duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infection of infants from supplemented mothers at parturition period was significantly shorter than of infants from socialization group.Conclusion: The growth of infant at 0-4 months of age from vitamin A supplemented mothers at parturition period were not significantly different from those who were from education group. Duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infection of infants from vitamin A supplemented mothers at parturition period were shorter than those who were from education group.

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