A Study on the Building of Disaster Prevention Platform for Effective Response System to Hazardous Chemical Accidents: Centering on Yeosu Industrial Complex

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changyoung Song ◽  
◽  
Byongsoo Yang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Chemical Accidents ◽  
Response System ◽  
Hazardous Chemical

Study on the Chemical Accidents Investigation and Effective Response System in Korea 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Chul-Hee Cho ◽  
Sin-Woong Choi ◽  
Jung In Kim ◽  
Sang-Hee Lee ◽  
Tae-Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Effective Response ◽  
Chemical Accidents ◽  
Response System

scholarly journals A multi-objective evaluation method based on connection numbers theory of hazardous chemical accidents emergency medical rescue capability

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Yapeng Wang ◽  
Jinguo Zhang ◽  
Yundou Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Xiong ◽  
Xin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Chemical Accidents ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Partial Connection

Background: An objective, comprehensive and scientific evaluation of emergency medical rescue capability (EMRC) is of great realistic significance in assisting the health administrative department to grasp the overall response capability of all emergency medical rescue teams, enabling each team to have a full understanding of its own strengths and weakness and improve itself accordingly. At present, the research on the evaluation of EMRC in Hazardous Chemicals Accidents (HCA) is not systematic and in-depth, and the existing research results also have some shortcomings, such as, the lack of strong theoretical support for the evaluation index system, the relatively single function of evaluation methods, and so on. Objectives: The objective of this article is to research the evaluation index system and a new evaluation method of EMRC in HCA to overcome the above shortcomings. Methods: It establishes an emergency medical rescue capability model by employing the competency model and then constructs the evaluation index system on the basis of the analysis of all the factors of emergency medical rescue capability in hazardous chemical accidents and sets up an evaluation model based on the theory of connection numbers and partial connection numbers. It determines the competence ranking of several emergency medical rescue teams and the competence state of an individual emergency medical rescue team by calculating the connection principal value, and it also predicts how the emergency medical rescue capability will develop based on the values of partial connection numbers. Results: The example shows that the calculation process of this model is relatively simple, and its assessment results are objective and authentic, and moreover, its multi-functions can make up for the deficiency of the simplified function of other evaluation models. Conclusion: This method is scientific and rational to some extent and can provide reference for evaluation problems of the same kind.

Challenges in mass fatality management: A case study of the 2010 Haiti earthquake

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Akeem Sadiq, PhD ◽  
David McEntire, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Personal Observation ◽  
Haiti Earthquake ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Quick Recovery ◽  
Response System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mass Fatality ◽  
Affected Country

A mass fatality incident occurs when a disaster causes many deaths and the affected country does not have sufficient resources to process the remains of victims. The January 12, 2010 earthquake in Haiti was one such event; the estimated 316,000 deaths overwhelmed the response system of the government. The purpose of this article is to review the challenges relating to mass fatality management in this incident. Findings were collected through interviews of 28 individuals along with personal observation obtained during two visits to Haiti after the earthquake. The article argues that a good understanding of these challenges (eg, aftershocks, debris, movement and tampering with bodies, lack of resources, environmental factors, smell of decomposing bodies, threat of epidemics, unidentified bodies, psychological stress, and looting) is crucial for an effective response and quick recovery in communities affected by mass fatality incidents.The article concludes with recommendations for addressing these challenges.

scholarly journals Validation of the Early Warning and Response System (EWARS) for dengue outbreaks: Evidence from the national vector control program in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Benitez-Valladares ◽  
Axel Kroeger ◽  
Gustavo Sánchez Tejeda ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
National Level ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Dengue Outbreak ◽  
Response System ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks

AbstractBackgroundDuring 2017, twenty health districts (locations) in Mexico implemented a dengue outbreak early warning and response system (EWARS) that uses epidemiological, meteorological and entomological variables (alarm indicators) to predict dengue outbreaks and triggers early response activities.Eleven of these districts were analyzed as they presented reliable information. Nine districts presented outbreak alarms but without subsequent outbreaks (“non-outbreak districts”) and two presented after the alarms dengue outbreaks (“outbreak districts”). This study is concerned with i) if the alarms without outbreaks were false alarms or if the control services had established effective response activities averting an outbreak and ii) if vector control activities can mitigate or even avert dengue outbreaks.MethodsFive components of dengue outbreak response (larval control, entomological studies with water container interventions, focal spraying, indoor residual spraying, space spraying) were quantitatively analyzed across two groups (”outbreak districts” and “non-outbreak districts”).ResultsThe average coverage of vector control and responses were higher in non-outbreak districts and across all five components. In the “outbreak districts” the response activities started late and were of much lower intensity compared to “non-outbreak districts”. District vector control teams demonstrated diverse compliance with local guidlines for ‘initial’, ‘early’ and ‘late’ responses to outbreak alarms which could explain the different outcomes observed following the outbreak alarms.Conclusionfindings from this study plausibly demonstrates important operational scenarios when succeeding or failing alarms signals generated by EWARS at national level. This study presents evidence warranting for further investigation into the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of EWARS using gold-standard designs.

scholarly journals Combining semi-quantitative risk assessment, composite indicator and fuzzy logic for evaluation of hazardous chemical accidents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huyen Thi Thu Do ◽  
Tram Thi Bich Ly ◽  
Tho Tien Do
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Triangular Fuzzy Number ◽  
Composite Indicator ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Chemical Accidents ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Industrial Zones

Abstract In this study, a combination of semi-quantitative risk assessment, composite indicator and fuzzy logic has been developed to identify industrial establishments and processes that represent potential environmental accidents associated with hazardous chemicals. The proposed method takes into consideration the root causes of risk probability of hazardous chemical accidents (HCAs), such as unsafe onsite storing and usage, inadequate operation training, poor safety management and analysis, equipment failure, and factors affected by the potential consequences of the accidents, including human health, water resources, and building and construction. These issues have been aggregated in a system of criteria and sub-criteria, demonstrated by a list of non-overlapping and exhaustive categorical terms. Semi-quantitative risk assessment is then applied to develop a framework for screening industrial establishments that exhibit potential HCAs. Fuzzy set theory with triangular fuzzy number deals with the uncertainty associated with the data input and reduces the influence of subjectivity and vagueness to the final results. The proposed method was tested among 77 industrial establishments located within the industrial zones of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Eighteen establishments were categorized as high HCA risk, 36 establishments were categorized as medium HCA risk, and 23 ones were of low HCA risk. The results are compatible with the practical chemical safety situation of the establishments and are consistent with expert evaluation.

U.S. APPROACH TO IMPLEMENTING IMO GUIDELINES ON PLACES OF REFUGE1

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Albertson
Keyword(s):  
Coast Guard ◽  
Maritime History ◽  
Real Thing ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Response System ◽  
National Response ◽  
Safety Committees ◽  
Oil Tanker ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT When the oil tanker Prestige broke apart and sank off the coast of Spain in November 2002, it joined an infamous line of environmental catastrophes in maritime history. The way in which the Prestige incident unfolded and, in particular, the denial of a place of refuge for the tanker intensified existing pressures on the IMO to finalize and adopt guidelines intended to assist all concerned parties in dealing with similar circumstances. At the 23rd Assembly, the IMO answered by adopting two resolutions on the issue. These resolutions offer excellent planning, preparedness, and response guidelines and a framework for effectively dealing with the next Prestige. The IMO guidelines are compatible with the U.S. National Response System and existing laws designed to protect the environment, public health, and welfare. As such, their implementation requires neither regulation nor significant adjustments to U.S. policy. With few exceptions, the National Response System should assimilate the IMO guidelines. Specifically, Area Committees and Harbor Safety Committees should plow the IMO guidelines into current planning, preparedness, and response activities in order to ensure effective response to places of refuge scenarios. The most critical and urgent issue is to ensure the decisionmaking criteria and process for both allowing and taking a ship in need of assistance to a place of refuge is well developed, agreed upon, and exercised beforehand, so that when the real thing occurs those who need to make the decision know exactly what to do and who to contact. This paper discusses relevant aspects of the National Response System and authorities as they pertain to the IMO guidelines and the role of the U.S. Coast Guard as the federal agency charged with their implementation.

scholarly journals Cause Analysis of Unsafe Behaviors in Hazardous Chemical Accidents: Combined with HFACs and Bayesian Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
Tiezhong Liu ◽  
Yongkui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Hazardous Material ◽  
Chemical Accidents ◽  
Legal Supervision ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Unsafe Behaviors

Hazardous chemical accidents (HCAs) seriously endanger public life, property, and health. Human and organizational factors are important causes of many kinds of accidents. In order to systematically explore the influencing factors of unsafe behaviors in HCAs in China, the method of human factors analysis and classification system based on the Bayesian network (BN-HFACs) was introduced. According to the 39 investigation reports of HCAs in China, the origin Bayesian network (BN) was obtained and the failure sensitivity of every node in BN was calculated. The results have shown that hazardous material environment (1.63) and mechanical equipment (0.49) in the level of preconditions of unsafe behavior have the same direction failure effect with operation error, while there is no factor has the same direction failure effect with operation violate. Some factors in organization influence and unsafe supervision, such as organization climate (0.34), operation guidance (0.37), planned operation (0.22), and legal supervision (0.19), are also important reasons for operational errors, while resource management (0.12), hidden investigation (0.18) and legal supervision (0.13) have an impact on operation violates. Moreover, there are still close relationships between other hierarchical elements, such as the operation guidance effect on the hazardous material environment (6.60), and the organizational climate has the most obvious impact on other factors at the level of organizational factors. Based on the above research conclusions, suggestions for individual, enterprise, and government were put forward, respectively, and the limitations of this study were also clarified.

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