Underground Environments, Worldviews, and Sustainable Stewardship

This paper examines an aspect of a value-based approach to underground built heritage (UBH). A key tool for the manager of any built heritage today is the mapping of its manifold values for different audiences, to inform their management strategy. This paper first reviews an important paradigm shift that has occurred in the humanities and in cultural heritage management, leading to the recognition of the centrality of the worldviews and lived experience of the different members that make up communities. Drawing on a selection of examples from the literature, it then demonstrates how many UBH sites across a wide spectrum of cultures acquired cosmological and cultic value and significance in a way that is qualitatively different to most built heritage sites above ground. The spectrum of challenges that this poses to the UBH site manager is then outlined by reviewing literature on a selection of UBH examples, from prehistoric archaeological sites to living religious sites. Some key guiding principles are proposed for the management of these different scenarios. Culturally sensitive management that respects the existing value systems of local communities is indispensable wherever such communities are present. Decision-makers need to be keenly aware of these value systems and need to recognize, empower, and complement existing traditional systems of stewardship.

The role of site manager transformational leadership in the construction project success

PurposeIn the construction industry, site managers are responsible for the day-to-day on-site running of a project. Site managers are required not only to ensure that work is done safely, on time, within budget and to the right quality standards, but also to manage any delays or problems encountered on-site during a construction project. Thus, a site manager has a significant position in the success of a construction project. However, there is a lack of studies considering the role of the leadership style of a site manager in construction project success. In this study, not only the effect of the transformational leadership (TL) style of site managers on the success of construction projects is assessed, but also the mediating role of team-building (TB) and team innovation between TL and project success is studied.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed hypotheses are tested by comparing the performance criteria of construction projects with the TL style of site managers. The success criteria of the projects are examined using project documents and client opinions, and the TL of site managers, TB aspects and team innovation in projects are assessed by asking from their subordinates. The Pearson correlation coefficient is employed to investigate the relation between every two variables.FindingsThe results illustrate that the TL of a site manager is directly related to project success; thus, the findings would confirm the importance of selecting appropriate site managers for construction projects. Moreover, while there is a mediating role of TB between TL and construction project success, team innovation does not have a mediating impact in design-bid-build (DBB) construction projects.Originality/valueAs there is a lack of studies assessing the TL effects on the success of construction projects and the significant role of site managers, this study is one of the first researches that tested these impacts and evaluated the mediating role of TB and team innovation between TL and project performance.

Há vagas: análise do perfil profissional requerido pelo mercado de trabalho para profissionais contábeis da área de custos

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil requerido pelo mercado de trabalho para profissionais contábeis da área de custos a partir das diretrizes da International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), sendo analisadas 155 vagas de emprego anunciadas no site Manager Empregos. As redes de coocorrência obtidas pelo coeficiente de Jaccard permitiram delinear o perfil profissional requerido pelo mercado de trabalho. Os achados indicam que possuir conhecimentos multidisciplinares, elaborar relatórios para tomada de decisão, dominar elementos da tecnologia da informação e da língua inglesa estão entre os anseios técnicos identificados. Em relação às professional skills, foi verificado que ter habilidades de comunicação, pensamento crítico e analítico, visão sistêmica, foco, organização e ética são características destacadas pelas organizações que pretendem contratar profissionais de custos. Os resultados implicam a importância de desenvolver, além de competências técnicas, também habilidades sociais com os discentes dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis para que sejam supridas as demandas do mercado de trabalho e para que os estudantes consigam tornar seus currículos atrativos para as organizações e superar barreiras por vezes existentes devido à pouca experiência profissional no mercado de trabalho.

Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Budaya K3 yang Dimoderasi Tingkat Pendidikan dan Pengalaman Kerja pada Proyek Konstruksi di Surabaya

Sikap dan perilaku pekerja merupakan gambaran nyata penerapan gaya kepemimpinan di pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi. Sikap dan perilaku pekerja adalah cerminan dari budaya K3, oleh karena itu peranan kepemimpinan sangat penting dalam membentuk budaya K3. Kepemimpinan yang sadar dan komitmen terhadap K3 harus ada dalam jiwanya, sehingga seluruh anggota perusahaan bersemangat mematuhi sistem manajemen K3, dengan demikian maka budaya K3 dapat berhasil terwujudkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap budaya k3 yang dimoderasi tingkat pendidikan dan pengalaman kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pengambilan data melalui kuesioner. Responden penelitian yaitu project manager, site manager, pengawas, dan mandor, dengan ukuran sampel 60 responden pada 6 proyek konstruksi di Surabaya. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linear sederhana dengan variabel moderarasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan berpengaruh positif terhadap budaya K3 (α danlt;5 persen), sedangkan variabel moderasi tingkat pendidikan pemimpin memperlemah pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap budaya K3.

Standardizing the free and independent professional

PurposeResearch concerned with standardization of the construction process has generally considered the challenges from only rational and instrumental perspectives. The purpose of this paper is to foreground a social perspective of this challenge. Specifically, the work of construction site managers is explored through a professional work lens in order to emphasize significant misalignments with the principles of standardized production in the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachData are drawn from a longitudinal (2014–ongoing) case study of site managers’ work in a large Swedish construction company. The research design is characterized by an explorative approach, altogether consisting of 44 in-depth interviews at the site manager level (28) and at other managerial levels (16). All the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed particularly to highlight two contrasting dominant discourses: “standardized construction production” and “site manager work.”FindingsThe findings show that site manager’s work is enmeshed with a particular type of professional expertise and identity that is ideologically crafted around a proclivity for free and independent work. It is outlined in detail how these social dimensions of work are enacted to form an ongoing (and successful) resistance to organizational initiatives that are based on principles of standardization.Originality/valueThis study improves our understanding of an unresolved social challenge that impedes the transformation toward more standardized construction production. It adds new perspectives and value to current research by reminding that (and how) significant changes in production processes also seriously implicate professional work.

Conceptual model of productivity bot for smart construction planning

One of the most important tasks in modern construction is to build a building according to the desired time schedule. This requires a timetable for the construction stages processes. The schedule is also easy to adapt and to plan the renovation of a building or maintenance works. Without a good schedule site manager cannot effectively handle construction area processes. The solution to this problem is the proposed productivity bot concept based on metaheuristic algorithms. Metaheuristic algorithms allow to improve the construction planning process schedules compared with conventional planning methods and equipment. The results of testing with construction planning data has shown that the metaheuristic algorithm achieved the main improvements during the first planning optimization stages. The proposed concept is expected to present results that are close to the optimal timetable and surpass classical methods for scheduling. Productivity bots act as a software engine complementing with the organization of construction or automation functionality. Productivity bot is designed to manage building processes. It is intended for automated planning of construction stages schedules according to construction technologies.

Analisis Rework Factor pada Pelaksanaan Proyek Gedung di Kota Padang Tahun 2019

Suatu proyek dikatakan sukses apabila minimal memenuhi empat faktor, antara lain adalah proyek berjalan sesuai jadwal kontrak, mendapatkan keuntungan karena pengeluaran sesuai dengan yang direncanakan, masalah yang terjadi dalam proyek kecil, dan tidak terjadi kecelakaan kerja. Jika teknis yang digunakan kurang baik maka akan berdampak buruk pada kinerja proyek dan dapat menimbulkan kerugian dari segi biaya, mutu, dan waktu. Salah satu kerugian yang ditimbulkan pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi disebabkan oleh karena adanya pengerjaan ulang (rework). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab rework dan faktor dominan apa saja yang menjadi penyebab rework pada pelaksanaan proyek gedung di Kota Padang tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen kuesioner yang melibatkan 22 orang responden, terdiri dari 11 perusaaan kontraktor dan masing-masing perusahaan terdapat 2 orang responden yaitu project manager dan site manager. Uji yang dilakukan meliputi uji validitas, reabilitas, korelasi Pearson Product Moment dan analisis deskriptif berdasarkan nilai mean dengan bantuan program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows version 24.0. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi 5 faktor penyebab terjadinya rework: faktor manajerial, faktor metoda pelaksanaan konstruksi, faktor material, faktor sumberdaya manusia dan faktor site conditions. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor paling dominan penyebab rework adalah faktor manajerial, pada sub faktor kurangnya kerja sama tim (teamwork) sehingga hasil konstruksi tidak sesuai dengan kontrak (X1.4) dengan nilai mean 4.32 dan persentase sebesar 86.64 %.

IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR INTERNAL YANG MENYEBABKAN PEMBENGKAKAN BIAYA PERALATAN PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG BERTINGKAT

Salah satu permasalahan yang timbul pada pelaksanaan konstruksi gedung bertingkat adalah terjadinya pembengkakan biaya. Biaya peralatan merupakan komponen biaya yang sering luput dari pengendalian, sehingga ada kecenderungan meningkat akibat lemahnya pengendalian. Usaha awal yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalisasi terjadinya pembengkakan biaya peralatan adalah dengan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor internal penyebab terjadinya pembengkakan biaya peralatan. Faktor internal pembengkakan biaya peralatan dibagi kedalam 6 kelompok faktor, yaitu kelompok perencanaan dan pengendalian, kelompok pengorganisasian, kelompok pengadaan, kelompok operasional, kelompok pemeliharaan, dan kelompok pengawasan dan pengendalian. Studi ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada para praktisi lapangan proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat, seperti project manager, site manager, quantity of surveyor, quality of control, engineer, dll. Sebanyak 70 kuesioner yang telah disebarkan, jumlah kuesioner yang terkumpul kembali sebanyak 51 kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif, hasil yang didapat bahwa faktor pengorganisasian merupakan sumber utama pada pembengkakan biaya peralatan pada proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat.