An Evaluation of 5-Year Web Analytics for HeadsUpGuys: A Men’s Depression E-Mental Health Resource

The present study reports an evaluation of web analytics, over a 5-year period, for HeadsUpGuys.org , an eHealth resource for men with depression. Google Analytics, Search Console, and Tag Manager were used to monitor user activity over the course of the website’s first 5 years (June 15, 2015–June 15, 2020). Through this period, HeadsUpGuys had a total of 1,665,356 unique users, amounting to 1,948,481 sessions and 3,328,258 page views. Organic traffic accounted for the highest proportion (53.44%; n = 1,041,277) of website sessions. Four of the top 10 Google search queries that brought users to the website related to suicidality. Three countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada) accounted for almost three-quarters (71.10%; n = 1,385,485) of the site’s traffic. Nearly three-quarters (73.35%; n = 1,429,285) of sessions occurred on a mobile device. The goal conversion rate for the Self Check was 60.27%. The average time on page was 2 min 53 s, with a bounce rate of 65.92%, and an exit rate of 57.20%. The goal conversion rate for the Stress Test was 52.89%. The average time on page was 4 min 8 s, with a bounce rate of 72.40% and an exit rate of 48.88%. The conversion rate for the final goal was 11.53%, indicating that approximately one in 10 visitors to the site had a session of at least 3 min. The findings illustrate the potential of eHealth resources to support men’s mental health and provide a real-world benchmark to help advance the men’s eHealth field.

Binomial Approach for The Valuation of Employee Stock Option with some features: Vesting Period, Exit Rate, Reload, and Reset

An Employee stock option (ESO) is one of compensation that given by company to their employee. It gives right to the employee to buy companies stock in the future with special price that have been agreed when the options were granted. In general, the valuation of ESO pricing is different with other option pricing. ESO have some features which accommodate company importance and also consider employee behavior. This article aimed to apply the binomial approach for the valuation of ESO by considering some features such as a).Vesting period, which is waiting time to exercise the option, b). Exit rate, which is feature that consider employments shock, c). Reload, a feature that give a new option after the old one had been exercised, d). Reset, a feature that doing reset on the agreement in ESO if stock in “out of money” condition. The valuation of the ESO price have been derived from the five possibility of payoff with consideration of each features involved. This study gave the valuation of ESO which consists of two areas, namely the ESO price after vesting period and ESO price at vesting period.

Development and testing of fish-retention devices for pots: transparent triggers significantly increase catch efficiency for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Fish pots have lower catch efficiency than gillnets and trawls and, therefore, are rarely used for catching Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and similar species. Fish-retention devices (FRDs), non-return devices that permit fish to enter the pot while impeding exit, reduce the pot exit rate and therefore can increase catches. Conventional FRDs, however, also reduce entry rate and may not improve catches. To increase pot-catch efficiency, we developed and tested a new trigger-type FRD, made of transparent acrylic glass, which we named acrylic fingers (AFs). AFs are almost invisible underwater and offer little resistance to entering cod. We compared AFs with Neptune fingers (NFs), a conventional trigger-type FRD with a distinct visual outline, by observing cod entry and exit rates through both trigger types rigged to a pot in a net pen. Both trigger types significantly reduced exit rates compared with a funnel without triggers; however, NFs also reduced entry rates by visually deterring cod. Specifically, AFs have higher entry-to-exit ratios and therefore improve catch efficiency. Combining AFs with funnels further increased catch efficiency. Thus, transparent acrylic triggers present a promising new approach to increasing pot-catch efficiency and may increase the uptake of the cod pot, an environmentally low-impact gear.

A longitudinal evaluation of web analytics for HeadsUpGuys: A men’s depression e-mental health resource (Preprint)

BACKGROUND There has been rapid growth in the area of eHealth as a means to delivering tailored health interventions for men. Yet, there have been few attempts at developing eHealth programs specifically oriented to men with depression, and by extension little is known about the uptake and usage patterns of potential end-users. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to conduct a longitudinal evaluation of web analytics for HeadsUpGuys.org, an eHealth resource for men with depression. The study focused on user engagement, traffic sources, and goal conversion (i.e., specific interactivity targets). METHODS Google Analytics, Search Console, and Tag Manager were used to monitor user activity over the course of the website’s first five years (June 15, 2015 – June 15, 2020). These tools were used to harvest data regarding the number of visits, visit duration, bounce rates, most visited pages; traffic filters, country sources, city sources; and goal conversion relating to three specific outcomes [Self Check (depression screen) completion, Stress Test (stress checklist and rating) completion, session of at least 3 minutes]. RESULTS Through its first five years of operation, HeadsUpGuys had a total of 1,665,356 unique users, amounting to 1,948,481 sessions and 3,328,258 pageviews. One in seven visits (14.53%) was from a returning user. Organic traffic accounted for the highest proportion (53.44%) of all the website sessions. Four of the top 10 Google search queries that brought users to the website related to suicidality. Three countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada) accounted for almost three-quarters (71.10%) of the site’s traffic. Nearly three-quarters (73.35%) of sessions occurred on a mobile device. The goal conversion rate for the Self Check was 60.27%. The average time on page was 2 minutes 53 seconds, with a bounce rate of 65.92%, and an exit rate of 57.20%. The goal conversion rate for the Stress Test was 52.89%. The average time on page was 4 minutes 8 seconds, with a bounce rate of 72.40% and an exit rate of 48.88%. The conversion rate for the final goal was 11.53%, indicating that approximately one in ten visitors to the site had a session of at least 3 minutes. CONCLUSIONS The volume of traffic and the conversion rates affirm the acceptability and usability of HeadsUpGuys. The study illustrates the potential of eHealth resources to support men’s mental health and provides some guidance to advancing the men’s eHealth field.

Stock-Flow Models of Market Frictions and Search

Stock-flow matching is a simple and elegant framework of dynamic trade in differentiated goods. Flows of entering traders match and exchange with the stocks of previously unsuccessful traders on the other side of the market. A buyer or seller who enters a market for a single, indivisible good such as a job or a home does not experience impediments to trade. All traders are fully informed about the available trading options; however, each of the available options in the stock on the other side of the market may or may not be suitable. If fortunate, this entering trader immediately finds a viable option in the stock of available opportunities and trade occurs straightaway. If unfortunate, none of the available opportunities suit the entrant. This buyer or seller now joins the stocks of unfulfilled traders who must wait for a new, suitable partner to enter. Three striking empirical regularities emerge from this microstructure. First, as the stock of buyers does not match with the stock of sellers, but with the flow of new sellers, the flow of new entrants becomes an important explanatory variable for aggregate trading rates. Second, the traders’ exit rates from the market are initially high, but if they fail to match quickly the exit rates become substantially slower. Third, these exit rates depend on different variables at different phases of an agent’s stay in the market. The probability that a new buyer will trade successfully depends only on the stock of sellers in the market. In contrast, the exit rate of an old buyer depends positively on the flow of new sellers, negatively on the stock of old buyers, and is independent of the stock of sellers. These three empirical relationships not only differ from those found in the familiar search literature but also conform to empirical evidence observed from unemployment outflows. Moreover, adopting the stock-flow approach enriches our understanding of output dynamics, employment flows, and aggregate economic performance. These trading mechanics generate endogenous price dispersion and price dynamics—prices depend on whether the buyer or the seller is the recent entrant, and on how many viable traders were waiting for the entrant, which varies over time. The stock-flow structure has provided insights about housing, temporary employment, and taxicab markets.

Fighting injuries, fig exit, and dimorphism in two species of sycoryctine fig wasp (Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae)

Similar to many vertebrate and invertebrate species, many fig wasp species are fighting other members of their species for mates. Fighting between the males of many non-pollinating fig wasp species involves injuries and fatalities. Studies have shown that large males fight for mates, whereas conspecific small males tend to adopt nonfighting, sneaky behaviors. To analyze male morphs in two non-pollinating fig wasps (Philotrypesis taida Wong & Shiao, 2018 and Sycorycteridea taipeiensis Wong & Shiao, 2018) associated with the fig tree Ficus benguetensis, the head and mandible allometry and injuries were examined as well as the morphologies of their heads and mandibles. Male fig wasps of these two nonpollinating species can be divided into two morphological groups according to their head and mandible shapes. Approximately 88% of the Philotrypesis and 62% of the Sycorycteridea males were injured and no males belonging to largest morphs were decapitated. Moreover, nearly 31% of the Philotrypesis and 45% of the Sycorycteridea males left their natal figs. No difference in injury level or male exit rate between the male morphs was observed. This study reveals slight morphological and behavioral differences that may hint towards different mating strategies among morphs.

Step-downs reduce workers’ compensation payments to encourage return to work. Are they effective?

ObjectiveTo determine whether step-downs, which cut the rate of compensation paid to injured workers after they have been on benefits for several months, are effective as a return to work incentive.MethodsWe aggregated administrative claims data from seven Australian workers’ compensation systems to calculate weekly scheme exit rates, a proxy for return to work. Jurisdictions were further subdivided into four injury subgroups: fractures, musculoskeletal, mental health, and other trauma. The effect of step-downs on scheme exit was tested using a regression discontinuity design. Results were pooled into meta-analyses to calculate combined effects and the proportion of variance attributable to heterogeneity.ResultsThe combined effect of step-downs was a 0.86 percentage point (95% CI -1.45 to -0.27) reduction in the exit rate, with significant heterogeneity between jurisdictions (I2 = 68%, p = .003). Neither timing nor magnitude of step-downs was a significant moderator of effects. Within injury subgroups, only fractures had a significant combined effect (-0.84, 95% CI -1.61 to -0.07). Sensitivity analysis indicated potential effects within mental health and musculoskeletal conditions as well.ConclusionsThe results suggest some workers’ compensation recipients anticipate step-downs and exit the system early to avoid the reduction in income. However, the effects were small and suggest step-downs have marginal practical significance. We conclude that step-downs are generally ineffective as a return to work policy initiative.Key messages1.What is already known about this subject?A number of workers’ compensation systems around the world reduce payments to injured workers after they have been in the system for several months. In Australia, where each state, territory, and Commonwealth system employs step-downs, the stated policy objective is to increase the rate of return to work through financial incentives. However, there is little empirical evidence to either support or reject this claim.2.What are the new findings?The rate at which claimants exited workers’ compensation systems increased ahead of step-downs taking effect, suggesting an anticipatory effect. However, the effect was relatively small, changing the exit rate by less than a percentage point overall, with substantial heterogeneity between systems.3.How might this impact on policy or clinical practice in the foreseeable future?While statistically significant, the findings suggest that step-downs provide workers’ compensation claimants little incentive to return to work. Policymakers may need to reconsider step-downs as a component of scheme design, or justify them according to their original purpose, which was to save costs.