Needs Assessment Survey Identifying Research Processes Which may be Improved by Automation or Artificial Intelligence: ICU Community Modeling and Artificial Intelligence to Improve Efficiency (ICU-Comma)

Background Critical care research in Canada is conducted primarily in academically-affiliated intensive care units with established research infrastructure, including research coordinators (RCs). Recently, efforts have been made to engage community hospital ICUs in research albeit with barriers. Automation or artificial intelligence (AI) could aid the performance of routine research tasks. It is unclear which research study processes might be improved through AI automation. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of Canadian ICU research personnel. The survey contained items characterizing opinions regarding research processes that may be amenable to AI automation. We distributed the questionnaire via email distribution lists of 3 Canadian research societies. Open-ended questions were analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. Results A total of 49 survey responses were received (response rate: 8%). Tasks that respondents felt were time-consuming/tedious/tiresome included: screening for potentially eligible patients (74%), inputting data into case report forms (65%), and preparing internal tracking logs (53%). Tasks that respondents felt could be performed by AI automation included: screening for eligible patients (59%), inputting data into case report forms (55%), preparing internal tracking logs (51%), and randomizing patients into studies (45%). Open-ended questions identified enthusiasm for AI automation to improve information accuracy and efficiency while freeing up RCs to perform tasks that require human interaction. This enthusiasm was tempered by the need for proper AI education and oversight. Conclusions There were balanced supportive (increased efficiency and re-allocation of tasks) and challenges (informational accuracy and oversight) with regards to AI automation in ICU research.

Gender Differences in Mental and Physical Health: Implications for Aging With a Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and death in the U.S., and survivors often experience temporary or life-long health effects as a result of their injury. While risks and outcomes of fall-related TBI in older adults have been well-documented, the intersection of TBI-related health challenges and the experience of aging with a TBI is less well understood. This project explores gender differences in health outcomes among TBI survivors. A Needs Assessment survey was conducted in early 2020 with adult TBI survivors in Missouri (n=150). The mean age of respondents was 46 and 58% identified as male. Bivariate analyses reveal gender differences in health conditions among TBI survivors before and after injury. Significantly more males than females reported substance use disorder for alcohol (20.7% and 7.9%, p < .05) prior to injury, whereas twice as many females reported developing chronic pain after injury than males (68.3% and 31.0%, p < .001). Further, while about 21% of both male and female respondents reported experiencing other mental health conditions, such as anxiety, prior to injury, over 35% of males and almost 58% of females experienced mental health concerns after injury. Additionally, balance/mobility issues, sleep disorders, sensory issues, and cognitive challenges were frequently identified post-injury conditions. Co-morbidities impact our experiences, capabilities, and quality of life as we age. Policies and programs to support TBI survivors and their families may better address the co-occurring health conditions among TBI survivors by considering gender differences in the experience of aging with a TBI.

Development and Implementation of an Advanced Practitioner–Led Survivorship Clinic for Patients Status Post Allogeneic Transplant

Background: Survivor recovery from hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is long term, with significant physical and psychological morbidities that impact quality of life and reentry into personal and social lives. The optimal timing of when and how to deliver comprehensive HCT survivorship care is not well defined. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate an advanced practitioner (AP)-led pilot survivorship clinic incorporating an individual and group format for patients post HCT at the 1-year transition period. Methods: A survey assessing physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs and concerns was mailed to a sample of patients who underwent HCT between 2009 and 2014. This phase 1 survey was utilized in the phase 2 design of an AP-led pilot survivorship clinic for patients post allogeneic HCT. A total of 15 patients were approached, out of which 7 enrolled over a 12-month period in the pilot survivorship clinic. Results: The needs assessment survey noted the most prevalent moderate to high concerns were in the emotional domain, with 52% of respondents identifying fear of cancer returning and new cancer developing. The pilot survivorship clinic incorporating a group visit format with multiple sessions was not feasible for both patients and APs within the context of a small- to medium-sized HCT program. Conclusion: The needs assessment survey underscored the importance of addressing all four quality of life domains in cancer survivors. A hybrid survivorship clinic with one comprehensive group visit may be beneficial for HCT survivors at the 1-year transition for small- to medium-sized HCT programs.

Proximate, mineral and fatty acid compositions of healthy recipes used in Fit, Eat, Active, Training (F.E.A.T) programme

Introduction: Many people are seeking knowledge and skills about preparing healthy meals at home. This study aimed to determine the content of nutrients in 60 healthy dishes prepared for the recipe book Mudah, Sihat, Sedap used in the F.E.A.T nutrition intervention programme. The recipe book was developed as an educational material to guide participants in preparing healthy meals at home. Methods: A needs assessment survey was done to identify food preferences for breakfast, lunch and dinner of obese and overweight respondents. Recipes for these foods were then modified to reduce the calorie, fat, and sugar contents, while adding in fibre sources. Proximate analysis was done based on standard methods of AOAC, while total carbohydrate and calorie contents were calculated using the differentiation and Atwater methods, respectively. Mineral content was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, while fatty acids content was analysed by gas chromatography using the FAME method. Results: Proximate analysis results showed that Kobis Goreng had the most calories (305 kcal/100g) (p<0.05) in all categories. Mineral analysis showed that sodium was significantly highest (p<0.05) in Asam Pedas Daging (554 mg/100g). For fatty acid analysis, Masak Lemak Telur Itik had the highest amount of MUFA (45.1%), Masak Lemak Sotong had the highest amount for SFA (71.8%), and Masak Lemak Cili Api Udang had the highest amount of PUFA (33.7%). Conclusion: This study successfully modified original recipes of selected cuisines used in the recipe book, which contained lower calories compared to original recipes. The calorie and nutrient values for each recipe will be included as nutrition composition information in the recipe book.

Preparing for the NASH Epidemic: A Call to Action

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are common <br>conditions with a rising burden. Yet, there are significant management gaps between clinical <br>guidelines and practice in patients with NAFLD and NASH. Further, there is no single global <br>guiding strategy for the management of NAFLD and NASH. The American Gastroenterological <br>Association, in collaboration with seven professional associations, convened an international <br>conference comprising 32 experts in gastroenterology, hepatology, endocrinology, and primary <br>care providers from the U.S., Europe, Asia, and Australia. Conference content was informed by <br>the results of a national NASH Needs Assessment Survey. The participants reviewed and <br>discussed published literature on global burden, screening, risk stratification, diagnosis, and <br>management of individuals with NAFLD, including those with NASH. Participants identified <br>promising approaches for clinical practice and prepared a comprehensive, unified strategy for <br>primary care providers and relevant specialists encompassing the full spectrum of NAFLD/NASH <br>care. They also identified specific high-yield targets for clinical research and called for a unified, <br>international public health response to NAFLD and NASH.

Preparing for the NASH Epidemic: A Call to Action

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are common <br>conditions with a rising burden. Yet, there are significant management gaps between clinical <br>guidelines and practice in patients with NAFLD and NASH. Further, there is no single global <br>guiding strategy for the management of NAFLD and NASH. The American Gastroenterological <br>Association, in collaboration with seven professional associations, convened an international <br>conference comprising 32 experts in gastroenterology, hepatology, endocrinology, and primary <br>care providers from the U.S., Europe, Asia, and Australia. Conference content was informed by <br>the results of a national NASH Needs Assessment Survey. The participants reviewed and <br>discussed published literature on global burden, screening, risk stratification, diagnosis, and <br>management of individuals with NAFLD, including those with NASH. Participants identified <br>promising approaches for clinical practice and prepared a comprehensive, unified strategy for <br>primary care providers and relevant specialists encompassing the full spectrum of NAFLD/NASH <br>care. They also identified specific high-yield targets for clinical research and called for a unified, <br>international public health response to NAFLD and NASH.