Subjects of the constitutional right to own, use and dispose

The article is devoted to the study of the subjects of the constitutional right to own, use and dispose of the results of their intellectual activity. It is established that the range of subjects of the constitutional right to own, use and dispose of the results of their intellectual activity are: subjects of copyright (authors of works, their heirs and persons who have acquired the rights to works in accordance with the contract or law); performers of works, their heirs and persons who have acquired related rights in accordance with the contract or the law on performances; producers of phonograms, their heirs (successors) and persons to whom related property rights in relation to phonograms have been legally transferred; videogram producers, their heirs (successors) and persons to whom related property rights in relation to videograms have been legally transferred; broadcasting organizations and their successors (subjects of related rights); author of a scientific discovery; subjects of intellectual property rights to an invention, utility model, industrial design (inventor, author of an industrial design; other persons who have acquired rights to an invention, utility model and industrial design under contract or law); subjects of intellectual property rights to the layout of the semiconductor product (author of the layout of the semiconductor product; other persons who have acquired the rights to the layout of the semiconductor product under the contract or law); subjects of intellectual property rights to the innovation proposal (the author of the innovation proposal and the legal entity to which the proposal is submitted); subjects of intellectual property rights to a plant variety, animal breed (author of a plant variety, animal breed; other persons who have acquired intellectual property rights to a plant variety, animal breed under contract or law; natural and legal persons who are subjects intellectual property rights to a trademark, individuals and legal en-tities that are subjects of intellectual property rights to a commercial name. Emphasis is placed on the independence of copyright and ownership of the material object (material carrier), which is manifested through: 1) the content of personal non-property rights and property rights of the subject of copyright; 2) ownership of a material object (possession, use and disposal).

Polarity-dependent nonlinear optics of nanowires under electric field

Polar materials display a series of interesting and widely exploited properties owing to the inherent coupling between their fixed electric dipole and any action that involves a change in their charge distribution. Among these properties are piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity, pyroelectricity, and the bulk photovoltaic effect. Here we report the observation of a related property in this series, where an external electric field applied parallel or anti-parallel to the polar axis of a crystal leads to an increase or decrease in its second-order nonlinear optical response, respectively. This property of electric-field-modulated second-harmonic generation (EFM-SHG) is observed here in nanowires of the polar crystal ZnO, and is exploited as an analytical tool to directly determine by optical means the absolute direction of their polarity, which in turn provides important information about their epitaxy and growth mechanism. EFM-SHG may be observed in any type of polar nanostructures and used to map the absolute polarity of materials at the nanoscale.

Rational conic fibrations of sectional genus two

Polarized rational surfaces (X, L) of sectional genus two ruled in conics are studied. When they are not minimal, they are described as the blow-up of 𝔽1 at some points lying on distinct fibers. Ampleness and very ampleness of L are studied in terms of their location. When L is very ample and there is a line contained in X and transverse to the fibers, the conic fibrations (X, L) are classified and a related property concerned with the inflectional locus is discussed.

Rheological, Tribological, and Sensory Analysis of Coconut-Oil-Modified Coconut Milk Kefir

Kefir made of coconut milk (CM) was developed as an alternative healthy beverage for elderly people. Coconut oil (CO; 0–15%) was added to modify the texture and mouthfeel of the final product. This study aimed to determine the viscosity, flow behavior, frictional properties, textural attributes, and oral processing time of the fermented CM beverage. We have defined the optimum level of CO that gives stability to the product and triggers specific sensory perceptions associated with viscosity and body characteristics. The sensation of roughness, a surface-related property, was also observed and dominated the later stage of oral processing. The current study describes the unique sensations that characterize the CO-modified CM kefir that targets elderly consumers. In addition to its nutritional benefits, CO can be added to enhance the perception of texture and mouthfeel when drinking the fermented beverage.

Coastal Wetlands Save $1.8 Million per Year for Each Square Kilometer

The protective value of a plot of wetlands varies widely based on the county it shields from storm-related property damage.