Biomechanical analysis of accuracy penalties-kicking performance for Turkish Soccer players: Group-based analysis without goalkeeper

Background and Study Aim. It is stated that kinetic performance factors are important in the successful execution of accurate kick-penalties, thus, its offer excellent performance despite a substantial kinetic method change in their implementation. The aim of the study is to biomechanical analysis of accuracy penalties-kicking performance for Turkish soccer players. Material and Methods. The study group consisted 15 male students of Turkish Regional Amateur League players (Age: 21.08± 1.56 years old). Two video cameras placed at optical axes X&Y filmed penalty-kick performance of the subjects. we analysed the best three scores by video analysis Dartfish 9.0 software. Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of mean±SD. the Statistical significance at p<.05 for Pearson product—moment correlations. Results. Accurate penalty-kicks showed significant positive relationship of knee Pi angle value in backswing, ball Contact phases, trunk angle value in ball contact with the accuracy at p<.01. Significant negative relationship of inclination_body angle value, time of foot contact at p<.01, and distance pivot foot&ball value at p<.05 in the follow-through phase. Conclusion. Such knowledge should aid in clarify the relationships between variables of penalty kicking during The performance phases and accuracy. the present preliminary investigation of accurate penalty-kicks performance indicates Support-leg characteristics demonstrated in knee angle values an important factor in Backswing, Ball Contact phases with the accuracy of penalty kicking. also, the Foot Contact time and Inclination_Body angle in that.

KINEMATICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACCURATE PENALTY-KICKING FOR TURKISH FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN GOALKEEPER CONFRONTATION

This study aimed to analyze the kinematical characteristics values of accurate penalty-kicking for Turkish football players in goalkeeper confrontation. Fifteen male Turkish Regional Amateur League players (Age: 21.08± 1.56 years old) was scanned, by two video cameras synchronous in two-dimensional (2D), placed at optical axes X&Y. the best three tries of penalty kicking performance were analyzed by video analysis Dartfish 9.0 software. Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of mean±sd, Pearson test for the correlations between all variables. A value of p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered a threshold of statistical significance. The results were shown in the ball contact phase that the distance pivot foot & ball factor has a statistically significant effect in producing accuracy (p-value=.001), and the interaction between two main factors namely the trunk and inclination body angles has a statistically significant effect with a p-value≤.05 in producing accuracy too. In addition, in the followthrough phase, we can see too the statistically significant effect in p-value≤.005 of the trunk angle, and in pvalue≤.05 of the thighs angle in producing accuracy. As a conclusion, it can be conveyed that the distance between the support leg and the ball is very decisive for the kinematic profile formed such as contraction of the abdominal muscles (trunk angle), the amortization process (the pivot leg angle), shot power (angle and length of the shot leg swing trajectory), where these aspects are significantly affected to the shot power, ball velocity and the level of accuracy.

Understanding key constraints and practice design in Rugby Union place kicking: Experiential knowledge of professional kickers and experienced coaches

Place kicks present valuable opportunities to score points in Rugby Union, which are typically performed under varying constraints in competitive performance environments. Previous quantitative studies suggest these interacting constraints can influence fluctuations in place kick success. To further the understanding of how fluctuations in place kicking success emerge, our aim was twofold: i) to explore and identify the key constraints that professional place kickers and experienced place kicking coaches perceive to influence the difficulty of a place kick and ii) to understand the level to which current place kicking practice environments represent these key constraints experienced in performance environments. Six professional place kickers and six experienced place kicking coaches were interviewed. Using a deductive thematic analysis, 11 key constraints were identified: individual constraints of expectation for success and fatigue, task constraints of angle and distance to goalposts, environmental constraints of wind, weather, pitch, and crowd, and situational constraints of previous kicking performance, time remaining and current score margin. Place kicking is typically practised individually or with a small number of place kickers in isolation from team sessions. Where possible, coaches should be encouraged to include place kicking in simulated game scenarios during practice to represent key constraints from performance environments. Our study demonstrates how experiential knowledge can enrich the understanding of sport performance and inform the design of practice environments which simulate relevant constraints of competitive performance to enhance skill adaptation of athletes.