Extension of Monotonic Functions and Representation of Preferences

Consider a dominance relation (a preorder) ≿ on a topological space X, such as the greater than or equal to relation on a function space or a stochastic dominance relation on a space of probability measures. Given a compact set K ⊆ X, we study when a continuous real function on K that is strictly monotonic with respect to ≿ can be extended to X without violating the continuity and monotonicity conditions. We show that such extensions exist for translation invariant dominance relations on a large class of topological vector spaces. Translation invariance or a vector structure are no longer needed when X is locally compact and second countable. In decision theoretic exercises, our extension theorems help construct monotonic utility functions on the universal space X starting from compact subsets. To illustrate, we prove several representation theorems for revealed or exogenously given preferences that are monotonic with respect to a dominance relation.

On the Richter–Thomassen Conjecture about Pairwise Intersecting Closed Curves

A long-standing conjecture of Richter and Thomassen states that the total number of intersection points between any n simple closed Jordan curves in the plane, so that any pair of them intersect and no three curves pass through the same point, is at least (1−o(1))n2.We confirm the above conjecture in several important cases, including the case (1) when all curves are convex, and (2) when the family of curves can be partitioned into two equal classes such that each curve from the first class touches every curve from the second class. (Two closed or open curves are said to be touching if they have precisely one point in common and at this point the two curves do not properly cross.)An important ingredient of our proofs is the following statement. Let S be a family of n open curves in ℝ2, so that each curve is the graph of a continuous real function defined on ℝ, and no three of them pass through the same point. If there are nt pairs of touching curves in S, then the number of crossing points is $\Omega(nt\sqrt{\log t/\log\log t})$.

Investigating the multiplicity and concentration behaviour of solutions for a quasi-linear Choquard equation via the penalization method

We study the multiplicity and concentration behaviour of positive solutions for a quasi-linear Choquard equationwhere Δp is the p-Laplacian operator, 1 < p < N, V is a continuous real function on ℝN, 0 < μ < N, F(s) is the primitive function of f(s), ε is a positive parameter and * represents the convolution between two functions. The question of the existence of semiclassical solutions for the semilinear case p = 2 has recently been posed by Ambrosetti and Malchiodi. We suppose that the potential satisfies the condition introduced by del Pino and Felmer, i.e.V has a local minimum. We prove the existence, multiplicity and concentration of solutions for the equation by the penalization method and Lyusternik–Schnirelmann theory and even show novel results for the semilinear case p = 2.

Existence of Ground State Solutions for Hamiltonian Elliptic Systems with Gradient Terms

In this paper we consider the following Hamiltonian elliptic terns in R[XXX]Where V(x) > 0 is a periodic continuous real Function, b̅(x) = (b

Groundwork for weak analysis

This paper develops the very basic notions of analysis in a weak second-order theory of arithmetic BTFA whose provably total functions are the polynomial time computable functions. We formalize within BTFA the real number system and the notion of a continuous real function of a real variable. The theory BTFA is able to prove the intermediate value theorem, wherefore it follows that the system of real numbers is a real closed ordered field. In the last section of the paper, we show how to interpret the theory BTFA in Robinson's theory of arithmetic Q. This fact entails that the elementary theory of the real closed ordered fields is interpretable in Q.

On a nonlinear degenerate evolution equation with strong damping

In this paper we consider the nonlinear degenerate evolution equation with strong damping,(*) {K(x,t)utt−Δu−Δut+F(u)=0 in Q=Ω×]0,T[u(x,0)=u0, (ku′)(x,0)=0 in Ωu(x,t)=0 on ∑=Γ×]0,T[whereKis a function withK(x,t)≥0,K(x,0)=0andFis a continuous real function satisfying(**) sF(s)≥0, for all s∈R, Ωis a bounded domain ofRn, with smooth boundaryΓ. We prove the existence of a global weak solution for (*).

Existência de polinômios de melhor aproximação para funções contínuas

The paper presents the problem of monotonic approximation which consists on finding a better polynomial approximation for a continuous real function "f" defined on [a, b]. (...). The existence of polynomials of better approximation for a given function "f" was presented here.

Separate approximate continuity implies measurability

It is known that a real-valued function f of two real variables which is continuous in each variable separately need not be continuous in (x, y), but must be in the first Baire class (1). Moreover if f is continuous in x for each y and merely measurable in y for each x then it must be Lebesgue-measurable (7), and this result can be extended to more general product spaces (2). However, the continuum hypothesis implies that this result fails if continuity is replaced by approximate continuity, as can be seen from the proof of Theorem 2 of (2). This makes Mišik's question (5) very natural: is a function which is separately approximately continuous in both variables necessarily Lebesgue-measurable? Our main aim is to establish an affirmative answer. It will be shown that such a function must in fact be in the second Baire class, although not necessarily in the first Baire class (unlike approximately continuous functions of one variable (3)). Finally, we show that the existence of a measurable cardinal would imply that a separately continuous real function on a product of two topological finite complete measure spaces need not be product-measurable.

Uniform Continuity of Continuous Functions on Uniform Spaces

Recently several topologists have called attention to the uniform structures (in most cases, the coarsest ones) under which every continuous real function is uniformly continuous (let us call the structures the [coarsest] uc-structures), and some important results have been found which closely relate, explicitly or implicitly, to the uc-structures, such as in the vS of Hewitt (3) and in the e-complete space of Shirota (7). Under these circumstances it will be natural to pose, as Hitotumatu did (4), the problem: which are the uniform spaces with the uc-structures? In (1 ; 2), we characterized the metric spaces with such structures, and in this paper we shall give a solution to the problem in uniform spaces (§ 1), together with some of its applications to normal uniform spaces and to the products of metric spaces (§ 2). It is evident that every continuous real function on a uniform space is uniformly continuous if and only if the uniform structure of the space is finer than the uniform structure defined by all continuous real functions on the space.