Decision making criteria for adaptive reuse strategy in UNESCO world heritage city

Purpose Within the next 20–30 years, adaptive reuse will have the greatest potential to reduce the built environment's environmental impact. Despite this, stakeholders still do not have sufficient points of reference in justifying and evaluating their adaptation practice decisions. The decision to reuse a building involves a complex set of considerations, including economic, social, environmental, legislative and architectural issues. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the unique decision-making criteria among stakeholders when considering adaptive reuse of an existing building asset in Malaysian heritage cities. Design/Methodology/Approach Thirty (30) unique criteria of decision-making were identified through a detailed literature review. The quantitative method of a self-completion questionnaire survey was conducted among stakeholders, including architects, valuers, planners, government department, developers and building owners. There were asked about their opinion and view on the criteria that could have influenced the decision-making in considering the adaptive reuse of the existing buildings in two heritage cities in the states of Penang and Malacca, Malaysia. Thus, it is the aim of this paper to evaluate and reveal the key criteria pertaining to this. Findings The analysis shows that there are seven key criteria that influence the decision-making of adaptive reuse of existing building: building value; building suitability; structural condition; official plan and zoning; building code; client requirement and heritage designated. In this regard, while “building value” factors were the key determinants in deciding whether to reuse or demolish, the asset’s suitability and structural condition, as well as rules, were also taken into account. Additionally, the environmental, economic and social tenets of sustainability were also identified as important, but were given less weight in matters concerning reuse. And due to the fact that many of the existing buildings are rapidly becoming obsolete, they are now increasingly being prioritized during the adaptive reuse decision-making process to ensure long-term outcomes. Research Limitations/Implications The research is limited owing to the difficulty in obtaining accurate information concerning the number of decision agents who have been involved in the adaptive reuse of existing buildings. Thus, the respondents in this research were randomly selected. Due to this limitation, the result does not encompass the whole Malaysia, only the stakeholders in Penang and Malacca have been selected the respondents in this study as these states are listed in the UNESCO World Heritage. Social Implications When deciding whether to reuse or demolish an existing building, the proposed criteria will outline the crucial areas that must be examined by owners, developers and key project stakeholders. It can also be used to assess the financial, physical and social aspects of a cultural project. Originality/Value This paper adds to the body of knowledge concerning decision-making criteria for adaptive reuse strategies in achieving heritage city sustainability.

Investigation of Social Opinion on Green Lifestyle and Eco-friendly Buildings. Decision Making Criteria

The present paper develops decision-making criteria through literature research to assess the social opinion on green life style and eco-friendly buildings. Validity of criteria was ensured among company executives and academic staff, based on elaborated criteria small pilot survey was performed and analysed. Current research focuses on the influence of demographic variables (e.g., age, gender) and individual subjective characteristic factors; external influencing factors (e.g., social norms, policies) are not used. According to the research results, our concept helps to outline the most crucial factors in industry regarding customer subjective requirements on eco-friendly building and innovative building materials. Nowadays companies need to meet customer requirements in order to adjust them in terms of eco-innovation approach and industry’s green ecosystem development and remove the gaps in value preposition. This paper helps to investigate respondents’ awareness, requirements, and willingness-to-pay for the eco-friendly houses.

Evaluating the Organizational Hierarchy Using the IFSAW and TOPSIS Techniques

Performance evaluations in organizations are viewed as ideal instruments for evaluating and rewarding the employee’s performance. While much emphasis is laid onto the administering of the evaluation techniques, not much thought has been laid out on assessing the contributions of each hierarchical level. Moreover the manifold decision making criteria can also impact the measurement of pertinent contributions because of their ambivalent characteristics. In such a scenario, intuitionistic fuzzy multi-criteria decision making can help strategists and policy makers to arrive at more or less accurate decisions. This paper restricts itself to six decision making criteria and adopts the intuitionistic fuzzy simple additive weighting (IFSAW) method and TOPSIS method to evaluate and rank the employee cadres. The results obtained were compared and both the methods revealed that the middle management displayed impeccable performance standards over their other counterparts.

Method of developing criteria for fire safety management of large-scale mass events

Introduction. The article presents a method for developing decision-making criteria for fire safety management of large-scale mass events. The formalized decision-making procedure consists in choosing the category of large-scale mass events to ensure the necessary level of fire safety. The task of the research is to formalize the method of developing decision-making criteria that take into account the importance of choice parameters with a single scale of their formation. Methods. To solve the problem of making decisions on fire safety management of large-scale mass events, methods of multi-criteria analysis can be applied. Therefore, this article formalizes the method of developing decision-making criteria, which in the future can become the basis of multi-criteria analysis. This method consists of two main stages of performing calculations: the first is to select the initial data; the second stage is aimed directly at determining the parameters of the criterion. Results and discussion. A method for developing criteria is presented, which consists of performing two consecutive stages. The method allows us to take into account both the preference of criteria and their quantitative importance in the process of making managerial decisions, which allows us to judge its universality. Conclusions. The procedure under study is designed to help in making the most preferable decision when managing fire safety of large-scale mass events. In this case, there is also the task of categorizing such events and ranking them according to various parameters of potential danger, and then correlating each specific large-scale mass event with certain measures to achieve the required level of fire safety. Keywords: large-scale mass events, fire safety, criteria development method, decision-making, categorization

APPLICATION OF MIXED STRATEGIES WHEN MANAGING INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION

This article considers the use of the mathematical apparatus of the theory of games with nature to model such a socio-economic phenomenon as the process of international freight transportation when performing delivery by own and borrowed vehicles on Kyiv-Warsaw route. Calculations are made with the use of existing costs and tariffs for the selected direction of transportation. The object of research is the process of international freight transportation management. The purpose of the work is to study the peculiarities of decision-making with the use of mixed strategies. The research method is the theory of statistical decisions, namely the theory of decision-making in the conditions of playing with nature. The player, i.e. the person who will make the decision, is the company that performs the carriage of goods by road in international traffic and is fully responsible for organizing the process of delivery of goods by road on the route. The situation is modeled using variants of various demand for transportation. This demand acts as the uncertainty of different variations of nature's strategies. Recommendations are given for the application of four decision making criteria: Wald, Savage, Laplace and Hurwitz criteria. Appropriate calculations were performed and the obtained results were commented on, because each criterion offers a new solution to a given situation. Calculations of application of mixed strategies are presented in the Excel spreadsheet. KEY WORDS: GAME THEORY, DECISION MAKING CRITERIA, UNCERTAINTY CONDITIONS, RISK, STRATEGY, INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION