Colonial Print Culture: Sundanese Book Publishing in the Dutch East Indies in the Early Twentieth Century

The indigenous book publishing business for Sundanese-speaking communities started in the early 20th century, when the nationalist movement was set in motion. The modern school system had continued to spread in colonial society from the mid–19th century. The more education spread, the more literate people there were among the indigenous population. The indigenous book publishing business responded to the demands of this newly-emerging readership. Book publishing finally turned into a business by the 1920s. It seems to have provided distinctive readings from those provided by Balai Poestaka. The indigenous publishers played a supplemental role in nurturing print culture in the colonial context. Both government and private indigenous publishers contributed to promote modern readership and a colonial print culture. The book publishing and print culture in regional languages like Sundanese were nurtured in the colonial period and grew to constitute a medium to decolonize knowledge and knowledge culture.

The unusual printing and publishing arrangements of Hugh Miller (1802–1856)

John Johnstone was an Edinburgh printer and publisher, from 1849 in partnership with Robert Hunter. In 1839, Johnstone and the printer Robert Fairly established a separate firm, Johnstone & Fairly, to publish the Witness, a newspaper edited by the geologist Hugh Miller. The firm became Miller & Fairly in 1844 when Miller bought out Johnstone's share. The editorial office was in the High Street. The steam-powered printing office was in Horse Wynd, in the former gatehouse of Minto House and later also in the former house of the physician Dr John Clerk of Listonshiels. Johnstone's own publishing business specialized in religious and ecclesiastical works. Nevertheless, Miller chose that firm to publish The Old Red Sandstone (1841), and later books, until the firm ran into financial trouble in the mid-1850s, and Miller placed The testimony of the rocks (1857) with Shepherd & Elliot of Edinburgh. Miller's original choice of Johnstone was perhaps to protect the reputation of Miller and the Witness when geology was often regarded with suspicion on religious grounds. It may also have given Miller more creative freedom. Miller & Fairly printed many, but not all, impressions of Miller's books for Johnstone and other publishers. This was to Miller's, and Miller's heirs', presumed double profit as copyright holder and printer, with implications for his relationships with publishers. Miller's dual role may help explain his reluctance to resign the newspaper's editorship even at the cost of his health and life.

Zemlya almanacs as a Moscow variation on the Petersburg-based Shipovnik

The article tells the story of a rivalry between two remarkable nonperiodicals of the Russian Silver Age: the literary and artistic almanacs printed by Shipovnik [Wild rose] publishers (Petersburg, 1907–1917) and the Zemlya collections published in Moscow (1908–1917). Using the memoirs (including unpublished) left by employees of the two publishing houses and critical reviews from the early 20th c., the article pinpoints the reasons why readers perceived Zemlya as an analogue of Shipovnik. In the period from 1910 to 1917, the editor-cum-proprietors S. Kopelman (Shipovnik) and G. Blumenberg (Zemlya), neither with significant previous experience in the publishing business, made sure that their respective almanacs boasted stellar authors, a unique composition and cover design; however, Zemlya was consistently labelled as a cousin of Shipovnik. Such a description was caused by Zemlya directly copying the Petersburg-printed collections in its first issues (1908–1909), the special characteristics of the almanac as a publication type, and critical reviews of Soviet literary scholars.

A SURVEY OF HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION OF DATA IN CLOUD FOR SECURE STORAGE

Cloud computing is the transportation of computing assistance and the opportunity of computer system assets for storing of data and calculating ability without the administration of the user. Against the publishing business and the technical applications of cloud, more probable users are still to join the cloud and the users of cloud can put their less confidential data in the cloud. Loss of security in the cloud is an important problem. The information will be encrypted and gathered in the storage of cloud .The problem here is the informations can be send to or from a cloud in encrypted mode, the servers that function the cloud will not any task on it. In this paper wereviewe the homomorphic encryption techniques, Advantages and disadvantages of various research papers.

Open Access Initiatives and its Implications on Research Transformations

The Open Access initiative enhances innovative forms of scholarly inquiry and aids the impactful communication by transforming the way research output is disseminated and published. Prime objective of OA initiative is to improve wide accessibility and promotes visibility of research outputs without geographical barriers. This chapter investigates open access initiatives and the principles behind OA. It identifies the characteristics of OA and types of OA publishing business models. Moreover, the chapter discusses the growth of OA in Africa and examines the current trend in OA journals. Also, the chapter identifies various roles played by stakeholders towards adoption and use of OA for research transformation. This chapter examines different benefits and challenges faced by organizations, libraries, publishers, and researchers towards OA adoption and use for the research advancement. Recommendations on how to improve research outputs' visibility using OA were highlighted. Conclusion and suggestion for further research are provided.