Simultaneous Estimation of Sacubitril and Valsartan Combination of Drug in Tablet Dosage Form Using Hydrotropy by UV Spectrophotometry

Sacubitril/valsartan, traded under the brand name Entresto between others, is a fixed-dose combination medication for use heart failure. Sacubitril is a neprilysin inhibitor (A prodrug) and is used in combination with valsartan to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic heart failure. It is anti - hypertensive drug. Valsartan is an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) that may be used to treat a variety of cardiac conditions including hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and heart failure. Two UV-spectrophotometric methods have been developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Sacubitril and Valsartan in a tablet dosage form. The first method employed solving of simultaneous equations based on the measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths, 226.0 nm and 254.0 nm, 𝜆max for Sacubitril and Valsartan, respectively. The second method was absorbance ratio method, which involves formation of Q-absorbance equation at 240 nm (isoabsorptive point) and also at 254 nm (𝜆max of Valsartan). The methods were found to be linear between the range of 4-12 𝜇g/mL for Sacubitril and 2-10 𝜇g/mL for Valsartan using Methanol as solvent. The mean percentage recovery was found to be 96.68%and 101.89% for the simultaneous equation method and 100.2% and 104.53% for the absorbance ratio method, for sacubitril and valsartan respectively. It could be concluded from the results obtained in the present investigation that the two methods for simultaneous estimation of sacubitril and valsartan in tablet dosage form are simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economical and can be used, successfully, in the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and other routine laboratory analysis. The reviewed highlights various analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra- performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), UV Spectroscopy, high per-formance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC- MS), RP-HPLC and other chromatographic method used. The combination of these drugs with different method was examine and the commonly use of the drugs in hypertensive.

UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY IN THE ANALYSIS OF A COMBINED MEDICINAL PRODUCT BASED ON DRY LICORICE ROOT EXTRACT

Работа посвящена разработке методики количественного определения глицирризина и аскорбиновой кислоты при их совместном присутствии в комбинированном лекарственном препарате в виде саше методом УФ-спектрофотометрии. This paper represents a developed technique for the quantitative determination of a new medicinal composition based on dry licorice extract and ascorbic acid for the prevention and treatment of immunode ciency in viral infections by UV spectrophotometry

Development of the "Dissolution" Test Method for Tablets of Sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido)dibenzoate with Sustained Release

Introduction. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most common chronic diseases of this parenchymal organ among the adult population. The search and creation of supporting drugs is an urgent task of modern pharmacy. The malonic acid derivative, sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido) dibenzoate, synthesized by the employees of the Department of Organic Chemistry of the SPСPU, has antisteatous activity, is a potential agent for the treatment of liver diseases. Sustained release tablets were prepared based on sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido)dibenzoate. An integral part of the pharmaceutical development of a medicinal product is the development of a method for conducting the Dissolution test and the selection of optimal conditions, which became the purpose of this study.Aim. To develop the "Dissolution" test method for the sustained-release tablets based on sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido)dibenzoate.Materials and methods. The objects of research are the active pharmaceutical ingredient sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido)dibenzoate, as well as sustained-release tablets based on this substance. Equilibrium biopharmaceutical solubility was determined by UV-spectrophotometry. To establish the conditions for the "Dissolution" test, an ERWEKA DT-620 dissolution tester (ERWEKA GmbH, Germany) was used.Results and discussion. The suitability of the UV-spectrophotometry method for the quantitative determination of sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido) dibenzoate in solutions was determined. The established high biopharmaceutical solubility of sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido)dibenzoate in a buffer solution with a pH of 6,8, as well as in a 0,01 M solution of hydrochloric acid with a pH of 2,6, determined the choice of these media for the "Dissolution" test of the dosage form. The apparatus "Rotating basket" (rotation speed of 100 rpm in a dissolution medium with a volume of 1000 ml) was reasonably chosen for the test on the basis of the obtained linear dependence of the rate of release of the substance on time, as well as the best test results by the end of the experiment.Conclusion. A study of the biopharmaceutical properties of the original substance with antisteatous activity has been carried out. High biopharmaceutical solubility was established in media with pH 2,6 and pH 6,8. The conditions of the "Dissolution" test for sustained-release tablets based on the original sodium 4,4'-(propanediamido)dibenzoate were experimentally substantiated.

On the Effect of pH, Temperature, and Surfactant Structure on Bovine Serum Albumin–Cationic/Anionic/Nonionic Surfactants Interactions in Cacodylate Buffer–Fluorescence Quenching Studies Supported by UV Spectrophotometry and CD Spectroscopy

Due to the fact that surfactant molecules are known to alter the structure (and consequently the function) of a protein, protein–surfactant interactions are very important in the biological, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Although there are numerous studies on the interactions of albumins with surfactants, the investigations are often performed at fixed environmental conditions and limited to separate surface-active agents and consequently do not present an appropriate comparison between their different types and structures. In the present paper, the interactions between selected cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants, namely hexadecylpyridinium chloride (CPC), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyethylene glycol sorbitan monolaurate, monopalmitate, and monooleate (TWEEN 20, TWEEN 40, and TWEEN 80, respectively) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied qualitatively and quantitatively in an aqueous solution (10 mM cacodylate buffer; pH 5.0 and 7.0) by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy supported by UV spectrophotometry and CD spectroscopy. Since in the case of all studied systems, the fluorescence intensity of BSA decreased regularly and significantly under the action of the surfactants added, the fluorescence quenching mechanism was analyzed thoroughly with the use of the Stern–Volmer equation (and its modification) and attributed to the formation of BSA–surfactant complexes. The binding efficiency and mode of interactions were evaluated among others by the determination, comparison, and discussion of the values of binding (association) constants of the newly formed complexes and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH, ΔS). Furthermore, the influence of the structure of the chosen surfactants (charge of hydrophilic head and length of hydrophobic chain) as well as different environmental conditions (pH, temperature) on the binding mode and the strength of the interaction has been investigated and elucidated.

Method Development and Validation of Montelukast in API and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by UV Spectrophotometry

The present work is done to develop a new simple, rapid, specific, accurate and precise UV spectrophotometric method for Montelukast as API and in pharmaceutical dosage form. The validation of the proposed method was carried out according to the I.C.H guidelines. The wavelength maxima was found 270nm and calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range 5-45?g/ml for montelukast with good correlation coefficients (r2=0.9994.). The precisions of the new method for montelukast was less than the maximum allowable limit (%RSD <2.0) specified by the ICH. Therefore, the method was found to be an accurate, reproducible and sensitive for analysis of montelukast as standard, pharmaceutical dosage forms, and other routine analysis method.

ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS OF RAMIPRIL -AMBON BANANA (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) Kunt.) ON HYPERKALEMIA RISK IN WHITE RATS

Introduction: Drug and food interaction is a condition in which nutritional factors present in food have an influence significant effect on drug therapy, both potentially increasing or decreasing the effect of drug therapy. Indonesian people have a habit of taking medicine by using food or drink. Bananas are the primadona that are often consumed to speed up the swallowing process and reduce the bitter taste of medicine. It turns out that the consumption of bananas together with ACE inhibitors can increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Lack of information about the effects caused by drug and food interactions, so it is necessary to do related research. Objective: This study aims to determine the interaction of giving ramipril together with Ambon banana on the risk of hyperkalemia. Methods: A real experimental study while still adhering to the Covid'19 health protocol. White rats were divided into 4 groups, conditioned by hypertension, then intervened with ramipril and Ambon banana. Blood serum was taken and analyzed using UV spectrophotometry to obtain serum potassium levels. The levels obtained were analyzed using the One Way Anova Test. Results: The mean serum potassium level of the positive control group was 4.93±0.58; negative control 4.13±0.60; normal control 4.76±0.59 and treatment 5.10±0.38. The highest serum potassium level was in the ramipril treatment group together with Ambon banana, but still in the normal range of 3.60–5.50 mmol/L. One Way Anova test results (p = 0.054). (p>0.05) showed no significant difference. Conclusion: There is no specific increase in levels of ramipril concurrently with Ambon banana so it does not have the potential to cause the risk of hyperkalemia. Keywords: Drug Interaction, Ramipril, Ambon Banana, Serum Potassium, Hyperkalemia

Validation of UV Spectrophotometry Method for Determination of Lopinavir and Ritonavir Simultaneously

Lopinavir and ritonavir are anti-viral compounds that have similar chemical structures and overlapping UV spectral profiles. The combination of these two compounds is being promoted as an anti-COVID19 drug. Determination of these two compounds simultaneously using UV spectrophotometry method requires special technique so that the result will be valid. The purpose of this study was to obtain a suitable analytical technique using UV spectrophotometry for the determination of lopinavir-ritonavir simultaneously that fulfill the method validation requirement. In this study, the simultaneous equation technique, absorptivity comparison factor, and first derivative technique were used to overcome the effect of lopinavir/ritonavir absorbance at selected wavelengths for determination of each compound simultaneously. The one-way ANOVA statistical test was used to compare the result of the three analytical techniques. The results showed that the three techniques fullfilled the AOAC requirements for selectivity and linearity. The accuracy and precision test result have not met the requirements of the AOAC method validation. Statistically. the one-way ANOVA analysis showed there was a significant difference between the mean recovery of lopinavir using the absorptivity factor and first derivative technique. Whereas, there was no significant differences among the mean of ritonavir recoveries that were determined using those three techniques. As conclusion, that the UV spectrophotometric method using the simultaneous equation technique, the absorptivity factor technique, and the derivative technique for assaying the lopinavir and ritonavir simultaneously met the requirements for selectivity and linearity parameters. However, the accuracy and precision have not met the requirements. The first derivative technique is suitable for further developed for ritonavir and lopinavir determination simultaneously

COD, TOC determination using UV spectrophotometry and its application to monitor the potassium hydrogen phthalate degradation by H2O2-HCO3– oxidation system

In this study, the COD and TOC in H2O2-HCO3– oxidation system containing potassium hydrogen phthalate were determined by UV spectrophotometry (260-310 nm). The pH and H2O2 concentrations were investigated as factors influencing the absorbance measurements. The obtained standard curves were Abs = (3.10±0.04)x103xCOD - (0.015±0.003) (R2=0.9996) with LOD of 5.1 mg O2/l and LOQ of 13.6 mg O2/l, and Abs = (0.008±0.0001)xTOC - (0.015±0.003) (R2=0.9996) with LOD of 1.6 mg/l and LOQ of 5.4 mg/l. The method was applied to monitor the degradation of potassium hydrogen phthalate by the H2O2-HCO3– oxidation system. The results revealed that the COD and TOC removal efficiencies reached ~85% after 90 minutes of UVC irradiation. The UV spectra and HPLC chromatographs showed that no aromatic compounds were obtained in the degradation products.