Benchmarking modern gloss correlators with established ISO 2813 standard and visual judgment of gloss

Interaction between the diffuse colour and the gloss of its surface is common. In this work, the influence of different gloss levels is tested on the diffuse colour. Firstly, we investigated how the albedo colour correlates with the reflected specular part. Furthermore, we provided a visual experiment. The visual experiment is conducted in two parts. The results of the visual experiment show that changing the angle of illumination does not affect the final gloss perception. Furthermore, a fitting of the gloss perception is done to find a parameter that correlates with the visual perception of gloss. The results show that there is a quadratic correlation between the Canon scattering indexes and the perceptual gloss.

Influence of Parkinson’s Disease on Judging Stair Step Height: Exploratory Study

This study investigated the effects of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) on the perceptive judgment of stair step height using both exteroceptive visual and exproprioceptive judgments. We invited 14 individuals with PD and 14 neurologically healthy older adults (OA) to perform perceptual judgment tasks for first step stairway heights of 11 and 20 cm. Initially, participants performed first the exteroceptive visual judgment and then the exproprioceptive judgment in five randomized trials for each stair height. An analysis of variance for the exteroceptive visual judgment revealed no main effects or interaction between PD versus OA groups and height. However, the analysis of variance for exproprioceptive judgment revealed a significant interaction between group and height ( F1,26 = 9.519; p = .005; Pη2 = .268) such that both groups made more errors in exproprioceptive judgment at a height of 11 cm. The OA group made more errors in exproprioceptive judgment for the 20-cm step when compared with the PD group ( p = .016) but the PD group underestimated the step height. We conclude that PD influences exproprioceptive perception of step height and that steps with smaller (vs. larger) heights induce greater exproprioceptive error.

Auto-Metrology on TEM Images of FinFET

The FinFET has been introduced in the last decade to provide better transistor performance as the device size shrinks. The performance of FinFET is highly sensitive to the size and shape of the fin, which needs to be optimized with tighter control. Manual measurement of nano-scale features on TEM images of FinFET is not only a time consuming and tedious task, but also prone to error owing to visual judgment. Here, an auto-metrology approach is presented to extract the measured values with higher precision and accuracy so that the uncertainty in the manual measurement can be minimized. Firstly, a FinFET TEM image is processed through an edge detecting algorithm to reveal the fin profile precisely. Finally, an algorithm is utilized to calculate out the required geometrical data relevant to the FinFET parameters and summarizes them to a table or plots a graph based on the purpose of data interpretation. This auto-metrology approach is expected to be adopted by academia and/or industry for proper data analysis and interpretation with higher precision and efficiency.

Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Detection ofLeifsonia xylisubsp.xyliin Sugarcane

Ratoon stunt, caused by the xylem-limited coryneform bacteriumLeifsonia xylisubsp.xyli(Lxx), is a deep bacteriosis and prevalent in most of sugarcane-producing countries. Based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), we developed a method for detectingLxx. The major advantages of the LAMP method are visual judgment by color and time saving with only 60 min for identification ofLxxand without the need for costly PCR apparatus and gel scanner. In the present study, positive and negative samples detected by the LAMP method were clearly distinguishable. When total DNA extracted from internode juice was used as the template, the sensitivity of LAMP was 10 times higher than that of the conventional PCR detection. The LAMP assay is a highly specific, rapid, and sensitive method for the diagnosis of ratoon stunt caused byLxxin sugarcane. This is the first report of LAMP-based assay for the detection ofLxxin sugarcane.

Application of a Measuring System for Visual Judgment Ability of Drivers in Real Three-Dimension Space

This paper introduces the application method of a measuring system for visual judgment ability of drivers in real three-dimension space (3D) based on the visual attention theory. The measuring system can simulate the traffic environment and driving conditions, and is made up of five parts, signal display system, data recording system, traffic environment simulation system, experimental seat and computer control system. It can control the peripheral environment illuminance and the appearance of stimulus at the target locations, and change the colour of stimulus. The paper demonstrated that the measuring system can be used to examine the reaction time and judgment response of drivers in real three-dimension space during driving, and show that the response ability training for visual attention of drivers can improve the vision judgment ability.