Polyaniline Coating Enables Electronic Structure Engineering in Fe3O4 to Promote Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reaction

The electronic structure of active sites is of importance for catalysts to achieve an optimized interaction with the intermediates. In this study, a unique organic-inorganic hybrid oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst composed of electrochemically inactive conducting polyaniline (PANI) and non-precious Fe-based oxide Fe3O4 is presented. PANI molecules were in-situ loaded on Fe3O4 nanoparticles through an efficient and simple process under mild conditions. The electronic structure of Fe3O4 was modulated by creating a strong interaction with PANI molecules, leading to enhanced activity and stability of the catalyst to achieve 10 mA cm-2 geometrical current density at overpotential of 265 mV in 1 M aqueous KOH solution. This work demonstrates that a highly efficient electrocatalyst can be achieved by molecular modification and provides a novel strategy for the optimization of the inactive non-precious catalysts.

A highly sensitive fluorescent sensor for Al3+ detection based on luminescent Eu(III)-β-dicetonate complexes

The structure of the Eu(III) complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results showed that these complexes exist as a heteronuclear of Eu(III)-Na(I) in which ion Eu3+ is coordinated through eight oxygen atoms of four β-dixetone ligands. The authors found that the monomeric europium-sodium complex displays a very strong red emission with a quantum yield up to 47.5% at λex=370 nm. The authors have successfully designed a simple process to put the Eu(III) complexes on anion exchange resin to create Resin-EuTFNB and Resin-EuTFPB materials. The products have a luminescent intensity that is stronger than that of the precursor complexes due to the removal of the coordination solvents in these complexes. Initially, using these materials to test the ability to recognise Al3+ ion at low concentrations, Resin-EuTFNB and Resin-EuTFPB played a role as a sensing chemosensor based on turn-off mechanism. In the future, they are expected to detect Al3+ion in the biological system.

Contracting for social and welfare services : the changing relationship between government and the voluntary sector in New Zealand

<p>Ten years ago, the provision of government funding for the social and welfare services delivered by voluntary sector service providers was a simple process. In evidence presented to the Waitangi Tribunal in support of a claim by a Charitable Trust against the actions of the New Zealand Community Funding Agency heard last year, a witness who was employed by the Department of Social Welfare from early in 1988 describes the process at that time thus: The Department of Social Welfare has operated funding programmes for many years...these programmes were grant funding. That is there was no contracting nor reporting as presently known. Also they were operated on a Head Ofiice Wellington decision on the recommendation of a small team (3 or 4 people based in a Regional OfiBce Auckland).(Crown Law Office, 1994 c, 6) This simple process has, in the last decade, been replaced by a funding relationship between government and the voluntary sector which owes its origins primarily to theory emanating from the study ofthe operation of private markets and the internal organisation of firms within the marketplace. Agency theory and Transaction costs analysis, along with other theoretical perspectives from the world ofthe private business sector, have had a substantial influence upon the restructuring ofthe public sector in New Zealand during the last decade and in particular have provided the theoretical basis for the transformation of the relationship between government and the voluntary sector into one of principal and agents, bound by contractual terms and a regulatory framework for the monitoring of quantity and quality of social and welfare service outputs.</p>

Contracting for social and welfare services : the changing relationship between government and the voluntary sector in New Zealand

<p>Ten years ago, the provision of government funding for the social and welfare services delivered by voluntary sector service providers was a simple process. In evidence presented to the Waitangi Tribunal in support of a claim by a Charitable Trust against the actions of the New Zealand Community Funding Agency heard last year, a witness who was employed by the Department of Social Welfare from early in 1988 describes the process at that time thus: The Department of Social Welfare has operated funding programmes for many years...these programmes were grant funding. That is there was no contracting nor reporting as presently known. Also they were operated on a Head Ofiice Wellington decision on the recommendation of a small team (3 or 4 people based in a Regional OfiBce Auckland).(Crown Law Office, 1994 c, 6) This simple process has, in the last decade, been replaced by a funding relationship between government and the voluntary sector which owes its origins primarily to theory emanating from the study ofthe operation of private markets and the internal organisation of firms within the marketplace. Agency theory and Transaction costs analysis, along with other theoretical perspectives from the world ofthe private business sector, have had a substantial influence upon the restructuring ofthe public sector in New Zealand during the last decade and in particular have provided the theoretical basis for the transformation of the relationship between government and the voluntary sector into one of principal and agents, bound by contractual terms and a regulatory framework for the monitoring of quantity and quality of social and welfare service outputs.</p>

Contracting for social and welfare services : the changing relationship between government and the voluntary sector in New Zealand

<p>Ten years ago, the provision of government funding for the social and welfare services delivered by voluntary sector service providers was a simple process. In evidence presented to the Waitangi Tribunal in support of a claim by a Charitable Trust against the actions of the New Zealand Community Funding Agency heard last year, a witness who was employed by the Department of Social Welfare from early in 1988 describes the process at that time thus: The Department of Social Welfare has operated funding programmes for many years...these programmes were grant funding. That is there was no contracting nor reporting as presently known. Also they were operated on a Head Ofiice Wellington decision on the recommendation of a small team (3 or 4 people based in a Regional OfiBce Auckland).(Crown Law Office, 1994 c, 6) This simple process has, in the last decade, been replaced by a funding relationship between government and the voluntary sector which owes its origins primarily to theory emanating from the study ofthe operation of private markets and the internal organisation of firms within the marketplace. Agency theory and Transaction costs analysis, along with other theoretical perspectives from the world ofthe private business sector, have had a substantial influence upon the restructuring ofthe public sector in New Zealand during the last decade and in particular have provided the theoretical basis for the transformation of the relationship between government and the voluntary sector into one of principal and agents, bound by contractual terms and a regulatory framework for the monitoring of quantity and quality of social and welfare service outputs.</p>

Contracting for social and welfare services : the changing relationship between government and the voluntary sector in New Zealand

<p>Ten years ago, the provision of government funding for the social and welfare services delivered by voluntary sector service providers was a simple process. In evidence presented to the Waitangi Tribunal in support of a claim by a Charitable Trust against the actions of the New Zealand Community Funding Agency heard last year, a witness who was employed by the Department of Social Welfare from early in 1988 describes the process at that time thus: The Department of Social Welfare has operated funding programmes for many years...these programmes were grant funding. That is there was no contracting nor reporting as presently known. Also they were operated on a Head Ofiice Wellington decision on the recommendation of a small team (3 or 4 people based in a Regional OfiBce Auckland).(Crown Law Office, 1994 c, 6) This simple process has, in the last decade, been replaced by a funding relationship between government and the voluntary sector which owes its origins primarily to theory emanating from the study ofthe operation of private markets and the internal organisation of firms within the marketplace. Agency theory and Transaction costs analysis, along with other theoretical perspectives from the world ofthe private business sector, have had a substantial influence upon the restructuring ofthe public sector in New Zealand during the last decade and in particular have provided the theoretical basis for the transformation of the relationship between government and the voluntary sector into one of principal and agents, bound by contractual terms and a regulatory framework for the monitoring of quantity and quality of social and welfare service outputs.</p>

Investigation of the phase transformation characteristics of Fe-Co elastrocalaric refrigeration alloy

Mechanical alloying (AM) and powder metallurgy(PM) have been widely used in many fields especially in the development of new alloy materials due to the advantages of simple process, high material utilization rate and accurate material ratio. In this investigation, experimental procedures were proposed to explore the phase transformation characteristics, elastrocalaric refrigeration effect of Fe-Co alloys synthesized by AM and PM. The samples of Fe-Co elastrocalaric refrigeration alloy with different phase transformation temperatures and different enthalpy changes have been successfully prepared by changing the initial ratio of Co element. The results show that the phase transformation characteristics have changed with the increase of Co content and showed different changing trends.

Clinical Application of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Pediatric Dentistry

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a fibrin matrix in which platelet cytokines, growth factors, and cells are trapped and may be released after a certain time and that can serve as a resorbable membrane. It can be obtained from blood with the help of a simple process. PRF is basically a concentrate of growth factors that promote wound healing and regeneration, which is used in various disciplines of dentistry to repair various lesions and regenerate dental and oral tissues. Although the use of PRF is well-documented, its use in pediatric dentistry remains unexplored, due to its restrictions and on account of the fact that it is a blood-derived product. PRF has been used globally to enhance tissue healing. This article provides an insight into the use of PRF in pediatric dentistry, its benefits, limitations, and recommendations.

Domestic risk factors for increased rodent abundance in a Lassa fever endemic region of rural Upper Guinea

Lassa fever (LF) is a viral haemorrhagic fever endemic in West Africa and spread primarily by the multimammate rat, Mastomys natalensis. As there is no vaccine, reduction of rodent-human transmission is essential for disease control. As the household is thought to be a key site of transmission, understanding domestic risk factors for M. natalensis abundance is crucial. Rodent captures in conjunction with domestic surveys were carried out in 6 villages in an area of rural Upper Guinea with high LF endemicity. 120 rodent traps were set in rooms along a transect in each village for three nights, and the survey was administered in each household on the transects. This study was able to detect several domestic risk factors for increased rodent abundance in rural Upper Guinea. Regression analysis demonstrated that having > 8 holes (RR = 1.8 [1.0004–3.2, p = 0.048), the presence of rodent burrows (RR = 2.3 [1.6–3.23, p = 0.000003), and being in a multi-room square building (RR = 2.0 [1.3–2.9], p = 0.001) were associated with increased rodent abundance. The most addressable of these may be rodent burrows, as burrow patching is a relatively simple process that may reduce rodent entry. Further study is warranted to explicitly link domestic rodent abundance to LF risk, to better characterize domestic risk factors, and to evaluate how household rodent-proofing interventions could contribute to LF control.