Relationship between Designed Fire and Performance of Smoke-Control System in a Living Room

The effects of the size of a designed fire on the ventilation system of an adjacent zone is estimated in this study based on a visibility requirement of 5 m in a non-fire zone at 600 s after ignition. To verify the adequacy of the fire dynamics simulator (FDS) input file, smoke movement and ceiling temperature under the hot smoke test conditions of AS4391-1999 were compared with those from the FDS results. The average temperatures measured at 12 locations were within the range of ± 2σ, with the exception of one point, and predicted smoke movement adequately. The size of the designed fire was analyzed in terms of the air volume conditions of the NFSC 501 for a heat release rate (HRR) of 1650 kW (air supply and exhaust at 45,000 cubic meters per hour (CMH)) as well as air volume conditions for a HRR of 1100 kW (air supply at 35,606 CMH and exhaust at 32,506 CMH). It was determined that one of the major factors influencing the required safety egress time was the mixture of downdraft airflow from the diffusers and smoke layer crossing the ventilation boundary.

Performance Improvement of Smoke-Control System Using CONTAMW

In the event of a fire in a building equipped with air-pressure smoke-control equipment, if the smoke-control system is operated with a closed fire door, then the smoke discharge results in difficulty in opening the door. In this study, an optimal solution was devised to solve the problem of negative pressure generation in building corridors, and the proposed solution was verified using CONTAMW, a numerical analysis program for smoke-retardant facilities. Thus, it was confirmed that negative pressure in a corridor could be resolved by installing flap and automotive pressure dampers between the corridor and annex.

Proposal of Air Supply Smoke Control System about Stair-case Considering Stack Effect & Opening of the Outside Door

Most of the special escape staircase smoke control systems for high-rise buildings in accordance with the national fire safety code NFSC 501A are constructed with smoke control only vestibule, making it difficult to expect a proper role in an emergency. This standard, which was created by introducing the concept of air supply pressurized smoke control 25 years ago, created Korea´s smoke control only vestibule, which was not found in developed countries, and has been mainly applied to it to fit into the poor architectural environment of the time. However, there is a fundamental flaw there, so the performance test for completion without occupants is passed, but in the presence of occupants, the performance does not come out properly and it is being blamed for being useless. In this regard, the author proposes a method of air supply pressurized smoke control for stair-case that avoid the smoke control method only vestibule, reduces the stack effect with good cost-effectiveness, and considers opening the outside entrance door of the stair-case.

Computational fluid dynamics-assisted smoke control system design for solving fire uncertainty in buildings

For every fire prevention design, ensuring safe evacuation and preventing the fire from spreading are primary considerations. However, actual fire scenarios inevitably involve many uncertainties, such as the fire source location, the heat release rate, the fire growth coefficient and so on, which make it difficult for the traditional fire prevention system to achieve these primary considerations. In this paper, an optimum and intelligent system design was developed using the feedback of real-time fire characteristics based on precise control logic using computational fluid dynamics. The new system can make an intelligent adjustment to adapt the real-time fire and to obtain the best smoke exhaust condition by coupling the smoke control system and a physical boundary. The fire uncertainties were used to validate the system design, based on a conventional composite building containing room, corridor and atrium. The results show that the intelligent system is capable of providing different and reasonable reactions for various fire scenarios and of ensuring the safe evacuation of the building. Some limitations of the system have been improved by incorporating a constraint factor into activation procedures for solving extra-large and ultra-fast fires. In general, this intelligent design proved useful as a smoke control system which could be implemented in many similar buildings.

Internet of Things Based Electronic Toll Gate and Smoke Control System

In our regular day to day existence, explorers pay a guaranteed measure of assessment all the route through toll court to the administration. The national expressways and spans have toll doors, where individuals pay the charges for utilizing the interstates by remaining in the line, prompting superfluous break of venture. Subsequently, so as to decline this issue, this proposed framework approach for robotizing the installments of toll court by utilizing a Radio Frequency Identifier (RFID). In the proposed work, the client has an RFID label which has one unique identification number that empowers the RFID reader to examine the vehicle and it naturally distinguish the cash from the connected RFID account. As the smoke from vehicle exhaust discharge toxic carbon particles and causes smoke inward breath. So the dark carbon particles are expelled utilizing enacted carbon channel cushion and innocuous gas is discharged through the fumes in the vehicle.