Enriched Agriculture Horticulture Science Technology Socio-EconomyCommunication-Issue by Biomedicines Suppressing Tomato-Disease and Coronavirus 2-Like-Pandemic-Diseases!

To avoid traditional control of root-knot disease, there remains a need for developing effective biomedicines of animal origins. The animal biomedicines; Nematode Extract (NE) and Gall Protein (GP) when applied by foliar spray, are highly effective at 1.3mg/plant and 2.01mg/plant, respectively in ameliorating root-knot disease of tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum, Cv. Pusa Ruby) caused by Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood, promoting plant growth and fruit production. The nematode extract (NE) is more effective than the gall protein (GP) in this respect. Both the extract is thought to induce systemic acquired resistance response of the treated plants through the expression of pathogenesis-related proteins, and may prevent 21st –century pandemics COVID-19 like virus diseases by boosting immunity, resisting toxic effects on the environment, and improved agriculture green-socio-economy aquatic-science-technology-communication application issues, and it may also give a good scope for new advanced-development and research in the field “Agricultural, Horticulture, Earth-Environmental-Clinical-Toxicology-Health-Research, Science-Technology-Communication-Socio-Economy and May be Controlled 21st-Century Pandemic Diseases in Future New Normal Situation Also”.

Potency of plant-derived biological nematicides on root-knot disease of tomato, Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) Mill

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of plant-derived biological nematicides in the management of root-knot nematode disease of tomato. A piece of land measuring 8 m × 54 m was ploughed and raised beds were the experimental plots. The land was divided into 4 blocks, each block comprising 12 treatments and 4 replicates with a total of 48 experimental plots were fitted into randomized complete block design (RCBD). The experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farms, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria (Longitude 40E and Latitude 8010N) during 2018 planting season. 20 g macerated root gall of Celosia was applied to tomato root rhizosphere (inoculation). The plant-derived biological nematicides that were assessed on root-knot nematode disease of tomato, UC8 cultivar, include the leaf water extract of neem, castor, wild sunflower, cleome, siam weed, phyllanthus, nitta, tobacco, lantana and calotropis, mixed with black soap, at rate of 9:1 v/w. The black soap and distilled water served as adjuvant and solvent respectively, and as the control experiments. The results showed that the root galling and soil population of root-knot nematode were significantly reduced with consequent enhanced growth and yield of tomato in the plots treated with plant-derived biological nematicides, compared with the tomato in the control experiments. The study has demonstrated that the use of plant-derived biological nematicides can be effectively explored in the management of root-knot nematode disease. The application of plant-derived biological nematicides is therefore recommended for sustainable management of root-knot nematode disease in tomato production.

Obtaining the rapA1 genome-transformed tomato plants

Bacterial agglutinin RapA1 is involved in the attachment of rhizobia to the roots of macrosymbiont plants. Obtaining transgenic crops that produce this protein directly on the root surface is important for studying the symbiosis of these plants with rhizobia. Tomatoes (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.) cultivar Gruntovy Gribovskiy 1180 were transformed with the gene rapA1 using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens AGL0 strain carrying the vector pCambia1301LPSLRapA1. The efficiency of the developed transformation method was about 5%.