Cooperative Spectrum Sensing with Selection Diversity Reception in Cognitive Radio

Spectrum sensing is the key component of cognitive radio technology. But, detection is compromised when a user reports shadowing or fading consequences. In such instances, the customer cannot apprehend between an unexploited band and a profound fade. Hence, communal spectrum sensing is suggested to optimize sensing overall performance. We recognition performance of communal Spectrum Sensing with Selection Diversity Reception in Cognitive Radio. This study presents a simulation evaluation of choice diversity Reception based totally on the fusion rule. The fusion rule is finished at the fusion center (FC) to make the very last selection about the presence of PU. This leads that spectrum sensing is enthusiastically in the presence of Rayleigh.

TIPOLOGI DAN SIMBOLISASI RESEPSI AL-QUR’AN DI PONDOK PESANTREN MIFTAHUL HUDA RAWALO BANYUMAS

The Qur'an is actually a holy book that contains moral teachings to guide man to the straight path. Only, when the Qur'an in consumption by the public, the book is undergoing a paradigm shift so treated, diresepsi, and expressed vary according to the knowledge and belief respectively. The expression, of a concrete indicator that the Koran is a holy book that is always in tune with the situation and the condition (s}a>lih{ li kulli zama>n wa maka>n). The reception-style models and even now continues to be expressed and preserved by a large family of Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School Rawalo Banyumas. This study aims to find out the reception of the Qur'an in the boarding school, as well as trying to understand the meaning inherent in it. This study was designed with qualitative method and included in the research field. In obtaining the data, the researchers use an instrument that is in-depth interviews, observation, and study of the relevant documents. The analysis used by researchers is, as submitted by Mohd. Soehadha, ie the reduction of data, display of data, and conclusion. In clarifying the validity of the data, researchers conducted the extension of participation, and triangulation of sources and methods. From the research conducted, the results obtained are: (1) diversity reception of the Qur'an in Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School Rawalo Banyumas, among others: (a) reception exegesis of the Qur'an in the recitation Book Jalalain; (b) the aesthetic reception of the Qur'an contained in calligraphy at the hostel students and ndalem caregivers; (c) functional reception of the Qur'an manifested in the tradition of the reading of Al-Wa> qi'ah and Ya>si>n; and (d) reception eternalitas Qur'an embodied in various practices of preservation of the Qur'an, such as deposit bi al-naz{ri and bi al-hifz{i, sima'an, and mura> ja'ah. (2) The meanings inherent in the diversity reception, among others: objective meaning, the meaning of expressive and documentary meaning. Objective meaning conclude that behavioral diversity reception in the boarding school is as a symbol of obedience and reverence to the rules cottage. Expressive meaning is as a form of internalization yourself with positive things through the process of learning the Qur'an continuity and meaning to his documentary is a form of local contextualization of the cultural system overall.Keywords: Reception, Al-Quran and Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding school.Abstrak: Al-Qur’an sejatinya merupakan kitab suci yang berisi ajaran-ajaran moral sebagai huda—petunjuk—bagi manusia ke jalan yang benar. Hanya saja, ketika Al-Qur’an sampai dan dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat, kitab suci tersebut mengalami pergeseran paradigma sehingga diperlakukan, diresepsi, dan diekspresikan secara berbeda-beda sesuai dengan pengetahuan dan ideologinya masing-masing. Fenomena tersebut nampaknya dapat dijadikan indikator konkret bahwasannya Al-Qur’an merupakan kitab suci yang senantiasa relevan dengan segala situasi dan kondisi (s}a>lih{ li kulli zama>n wa maka>n). Ragam resepsi tersebut bahkan kini terus diekspresikan dan dilestarikan oleh keluarga besar Pondok Pesantren—kemudian disebut Ponpes—Miftahul Huda Rawalo Banyumas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ragam resepsi Al-Qur’an di Ponpes tersebut, serta berusaha memahami makna yang melekat di dalamnya. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan termasuk dalam jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Dalam memperoleh data, peneliti menggunakan berbagai instrument, seperti wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi atau studi atas dokumen terkait. Analisis yang peneliti gunakan adalah sebagaimana yang disampaikan Mohd. Soehadha, yaitu dengan reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Di dalam mengklarifikasi keabsahan data, peneliti melakukan perpanjangan keikutsertaan, serta triangulasi sumber maupun metode. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ragam resepsi Al-Qur’an yang ada di Ponpes tersebut antara lain: (a) resepsi eksegesis; (b) resepsi estetis; (c) resepsi fungsional; dan (d) resepsi eternal. Resepsi eksegesis mewujud dalam kajian kitab tafsir Jalalain, resepsi estetis mewujud dalam kaligrafi di asrama dan ndalem pengasuh, resepsi fungsional mewujud dalam pembacaan surat-surat “idaman,” dan resepsi eternal terejawantahkan dalam pelbagai praktik preservasi Al-Qur’an, seperti setoran bi al-naz{ri dan bi al-ghaib, sima’an, dan mura>ja’ah. (2) Makna-makna yang melekat dalam ragam resepsi tersebut, antara lain: makna objektif, makna ekspresif, dan makna dokumenter. Makna objektif menyimpulkan bahwa ragam perilaku resepsi di ponpes tersebut adalah sebagai simbolisasi kepatuhan dan ketakziman terhadap peraturan pondok. Makna ekspresifnya adalah sebagai wujud internalisasi diri dengan hal-hal positif melalui proses pembelajaran Al-Qur’an yang berkelanjutan, dan makna dokumenternya adalah sebagai bentuk kontekstualisasi lokal dari sistem kebudayaan yang menyeluruh.Kata Kunci: Resepsi, Al-Qur’an, dan Ponpes Miftahul Huda Banyumas.