A “Practically American” Canadian Woman Confronts a United States Citizen-Only Hiring Law: Katharine Short and the California Alien Teachers Controversy of 1915

In February 1915, non-citizen teachers throughout California abruptly learned that they would soon lose their jobs when state officials announced that local and county governments were required to enforce a long-forgotten anti-alien public employment law. In response, one Canadian immigrant teacher, Katharine Short, launched a diplomatic, legal, political, and public relations campaign against the policy. Earning the support of powerful (Anglo-)Canadian nationalists in wartime and a favorable depiction in California news coverage as a “practically American” Canadian woman, Short’s efforts culminated in an exemption for most immigrant teachers from the state’s nativist public employment policies. This article recovers, recounts, and contextualizes the California Alien Teachers Controversy of 1915 at the center of transformations in the political development, law, and politics of American citizenship and citizenship rights from the late-nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries. It testifies to the growing power and powers of state governments to shape immigrants' lives and livelihoods via alienage law long into the mid-twentieth century, the rhetorical strength and courtroom limits of “right to contract” arguments in the context of anti-alien hiring and licensure disputes, and the disparate impact of these nativist laws on immigrants owing to inequalities of race, gender, and class and how those inequalities shaped the less-than-inclusive aims and strategies of Katharine Short in her campaign to alter the state's nativist public employment policies.

O relato de vida indígena e outros (sub)gêneros literários em A queda do céu: palavras de um xamã yanomami, Meu nome é Rigoberta Menchu e assim nasceu minha consciência e Bobbi Lee: Indian Rebel struggles of a Native Canadian woman

Partindo de três obras primárias: A queda do céu: palavras de um xamã yanomami, de Davi Kopenawa e Bruce Albert, Meu nome é Rigoberta Menchú e assim nasceu minha consciência, de Rigoberta Menchú e Elizabeth Burgos, e Bobbi Lee: Indian Rebel Struggles of a Native Canadian Woman, de Lee Maracle e Don Barnett, busco apontar e reforçar algumas das características desses relatos de vida indígena (SALLES, 2020) a partir de uma análise comparativa com outros gêneros (a saber, narrativas de vida étnica, narrativas de exílio, autoetnografia e ecobiografia). Para tal, a “virada etnográfica” ocorrida no campo das ciências sociais, que trouxe maior fluidez para a classificação de trabalhos como relatos de vida indígena, assim como a discussão sobre gêneros literários nos são bastante caras nesse artigo.

Gender Perspectives in Lee Maracle’s I am Woman

Lee Maracle is a prolific Native Canadian woman writer, whose memoir I Am Woman abounds with gender perspectives. In I Am Woman Maracle discusses about the oppression of Native women and the anti-woman attitude of the Native men. Violence over Native women are expounded with incidents from Native women’s lives in some of the remarkable chapters like Rusty. In I Am Woman Lee Maracle also discusses about the violence within and outside Native women’s home. The paper also tells us how Native women are doubly oppressed and how their contribution towards society goes unrecognized. It also discusses how Native women are considered as subhuman. The paper at its conclusion points out how Native women attempt to reconstruct their society inspite of oppression.

La criminalité féminine au Canada selon les statistiques

<p>The aim of this paper was to describe the phenomenon of woman’s crime in Canada from the perspective of statistical data analysis. For this reason, the statements regarding the frequency of the studied phenomenon in three research periods were presented: 1975–1981, 1984–1994 and 1999–2009. The Canadian woman perpetrators were found to have established categories of crimes (property crimes, violent crimes), the frequency of which has changed during the periods under investigation. In the context of the studies carried out, in particular, the phenomenon of the increase in the frequency of woman’s offences committed using violence, remains a matter of concern. This fact indicates an increase in the pathologization of their behaviours. Moreover, in the last research period (1999–2009) there were also new trends in the criminal activity of women – road traffic offences and offences involving drugs and narcotic drugs, however, their level was not high.</p>

The Narratives of an Indigenous Cree, a Brazilian, and a Canadian about Vulnerability, Privilege, and Responsibility in Anti-Racist Teacher Education

ABSTRACT In this article, the authors aim at presenting a lived experience and the meaning-making constructed by them as they participate in a simulation of the history of contact between Europeans and Indigenous peoples in the country now named Canada and inquire into their stories within the three-dimensional narrative inquiry space. Considering relational ethics, the teacher educators and researchers lived, told, retold, and relived the stories of their own experiences, co-composing stories of anti-racist teacher education, playfulness, inclusion, privilege, and responsibility, through the eyes of an Indigenous Cree, a Brazilian, and a Canadian woman, towards increasing understanding of decolonizing education.

Genitourinary tuberculosis in North America: A rare clinical entity

Introduction: Although tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of mortality from infectious diseases worldwide, genitourinary TB in North America is rare. We review 3 cases of genitourinary TB diagnosed within the last 5 years.Cases: The first case is that of a 76-year-old African-Canadian woman who was referred for percutaneous nephrolithotomy of right lower pole renal stones. Although renal TB was suspected, her initial urinary TB culture was negative. On follow-up imaging, she developed bilateral ureteral thickening and ureteroscopic biopsy confirmed necrotizing granulomata. Repeat urine cultures were positive for M. tuberculosis. The second case is a 73-yearold Italian-Canadian woman who was referred for ureteroscopic biopsy of left thickened ureter to rule out urothelial carcinoma. Initial urine TB cultures were negative, despite biopsies confirming granulomatous inflammation. She was closely followed with urine cytologies and TB cultures. Repeat urine culture was positive for M. tuberculosis. Both patients were treated with a course of anti-tuberculous agents and indwelling ureteral stents to relieve ureteral obstruction. The third case is a 70-year-old Cree woman who was referred for percutaneous nephrolithotomy of a left “staghorn stone” in an atrophic left kidney. Thirty years earlier she had been treated for pulmonary TB in addition to ileocystoplasty for a “thimble” bladder. A computed tomography scan showed autonephrectomized left kidney. Her urine TB cultures were negative. She was placed on prophylactic antibiotics for her recurrent bacterial urinary tract infections.Conclusion: Genitourinary TB may present in various subtle ways, and the astute clinician must have a high index of suspicion for this disease in patients with atypical clinical and radiologic findings. In addition, TB urine cultures should be repeated when there is high index of suspicion.

Pityriasis Rotunda Diagnosed in Canada: Case Presentation and Review of the Literature

Background: Pityriasis rotunda is a rare cutaneous disorder characterized by scaly, circular, well-demarcated, hypo- or hyperpigmented, fine plaques over the trunk and extremities. Objective: We present a case of pityriasis rotunda in a 44-year-old African-Canadian woman who presented to a community dermatology practice in Toronto. Results: Pityriasis rotunda has been well described in Japan, Italy, and South Africa. It is extremely rare in North America, with nine reported cases to date, the majority of which were diagnosed in the United States. Conclusion: Pityriasis rotunda is a rare cutaneous disorder associated with systemic disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second report of pityriasis rotunda diagnosed in Canada.