The Jewish Reception of Aristotle’s Poetics in Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-century Provence: A Survey of the Arabic Sources

The last few years have seen a renewed interest in Aristotle’s logic in the Jewish tradition, giving a decisive impulse to the research on the Greek-into-Hebrew philosophical transmission in medieval and early modern times. The present article aims to contribute to the studies on Aristotelian logic in Hebrew by focusing on a less explored aspect, namely the reception of Aristotle’s Poetics in Jewish culture.

LOGIC AND POETRY: THE CONTIGUITY OF THE CREATIVE WORLDS OF N. A. VASILIEV IN THE BACKGROUND OF LIFE CIRCUMSTANCES

The complexity of the structure and the varieties of the shades of the theme of the relationship between scientific and artistic creativity presented by us in the article the amazing “destiny of ideas” within the framework of modern – non-classical (non-aristotelian) logic. Nikolai Alexandrovich Vasiliev (1880-1940) was a versatile personality, but two aspects of his work deserve special attention – the poetry in the style of symbolism, which he was engaged in his youth, and the logical studies that allow him to be considered one of the founders of non-classical logic. Despite the difference in the degree of significance of the N. Vasiliev’s poetic and logical heritage, it is easy to see that it is in the poetry that the future logical ideas are first formed. The otherworld, the imaginary worlds are a characteristic feature of the poetry of symbolism. The creative collision of N. Vasiliev lies in the fact that in his case the poet anticipates logician. In the article “Logic and Metalogic” he declares that the classical (aristotelian) logic is not the only one, that the types of reasoning and argumentation, that is, the logical systems depend on the different preconditions. These preconditions are associated with those diverse worlds, with those different realities on which the reasoning is superimposed. The cognitive construct playing the role of “reality” loses its the status of the invariant for various logics, it can vary, which does not mean the loss of the unity of the foundations of rationality, on the contrary, it is the acquisition of the arsenal of the intellectual tools with rich possibilities for constructing a variety of rational interpretations. The life of N. Vasiliev turned out to be full of the unfinished projects, the troubles, because of its inconsistency, it looks tragic. But it was the logical ideas ahead of their time, among which the idea of the possibility strictly logically, and therefore non-contradictory to think contradictory worlds, gave N. Vasiliev the “registrate in eternity”.

Is there connection between Pentecostalism belief and hairstyle?

The present article is intended for really devout Christians. Many Christian men andwomen often ask deep in their heart, how they can do their best to please Father inHeaven. There are guides on how to worship God, to dedicate their bodies and work,but how shall we glorify God with our hair? For women, there is a hint that we canfind in St. Paul’s letters to Corinthians: but are there guides for devout men? It turnsout that is quite delicate matter to discuss. Moreover, as we discussed in a recentpaper in this journal, there is limitation of Aristotelian logic to grasp spiritual termssuch as Trinity or Manunggaling Kawula Gusti in Javanese term. Now, allow us toemphasize the same point using non-Aristotelian logic and non-Diophantinearithmetics. In that sense, spiritual realms go beyond what science cannot go. In thelast section, we will discuss shortly on possible implications of worshiping God in theSpirit and the Truth. Abstrak Artikel ini ditujukan untuk orang Kristen yang benar-benar taat. Banyak pria danwanita Kristen sering menanyakan jauh di lubuk hati mereka: bagaimana kami dapat melakukan yang terbaik untuk menyenangkan Bapa di Surga? Ada panduan tentang bagaimana menyembah Tuhan, untuk mendedikasikan tubuh dan pekerjaan mereka, tetapi bagaimana kita akan memuliakan Tuhan dengan rambut kita? Untuk para wanita, memang ada petunjuk yang dapat ditemukan dalam surat Rasul Paulus kepada jemaat Korintus: tetapi apakah ada panduan untuk kaum pria? Ternyata hal ini merupakan masalah yang cukup rumit untuk dibahas. Selain itu, seperti yang penulis bahas baru-baru ini dalam jurnal ini, terdapat keterbatasan logika Aristotelian untuk memahami istilah-istilah spiritual seperti Trinitas atau Manunggaling Kawula Gusti dalam istilah Jawa. Sekarang, izinkan penulis untukmenyampaikan hal yang sama, namun dengan menggunakan logika non-Aristotelian dan non-Diophantine aritmatika. Dalam pengertian itu, alam spiritual melampaui apa yang tidak bisa dicapai oleh sains. Dalam bagian terakhir, kita akan membahas secara singkat tentang kemungkinan implikasi dari menyembah Tuhan di Roh dan Kebenaran.

The Reception of Boethian Topics in the Early Middle Ages

The purpose of this study is to focus on the coexistence, during the transmission of the doctrine on the Topics in the early Middle Ages, of two different interpretations: although both emerge from two commentaries on Cicero’s Topics, however, they gave rise to two different readings: the one transmitted by Marius Victorinus (ca. 280-365 AC) who thought the topics almost exclusively in the service of Rhetoric, the other conceived by Boethius (ca. 480-524 AC) who intended to restore the centrality that the Topics had in the Aristotelian Logic, by subordinating the rethorical Topics to dialectical Topics. My conclusion is that the Early Middle Ages can be considered, from an epistemological point of view, as a long boetiana aetas. Although the corpus of Boethius’s logical writings was not yet available until the second half of the 11th century, Boethius’s methodological approach on the Topics somehow continued to support the slow but constant absorption of the topical doctrine into the new Christian sensibility.

Beyond the Limitations of Binary Thinking: Mindfulness and the Tetralemma

Various dimensions of the cultivation of mindfulness in its early Buddhist historical setting can be better appreciated in the light of their doctrinal background. One aspect of this doctrinal background is the ancient Indian tetralemma, which differs from the Aristotelian logic that has informed much of Western thought. The tetralemma proposes that, in addition to affirmation and denial, at times a particular situation may be more appropriately captured by a combination of both (partly yes and partly no). Or else, another situation may call for neither affirmation nor negation. Although at first sight the resultant fourfold perspective can appear puzzling, closer inspection shows this model of thought to have a considerable potential for countering mental rigidity and enabling the transcendence of binary thought patterns, thereby being perhaps relevant to research on the relationship between mindfulness and cognitive flexibility.

Thirteenth-Century Aristotelian Logic

The aims of this paper are to show (i) that thirteenth-century Aristotelian logic (AL-13) is a logical tradition that considers Aristotelian logic (AL: the logical curriculum at the University of Paris, that is, Porphyry’s Isagoge, Aristotle’s Organon, Boethius’s De divisione and De topicis differentiis, and the anonymous Sex principia) as a system that is organized around the syllogistic argument; and (ii) that AL-13 can be characterized as the study of scientific method, of which formal analyses are a part but by no means the crucial one. I give a diachronic account of AL-13, with its continuities and ruptures, by looking at the general accounts of AL by Nicholas of Paris (1230s), Albert the Great (1250s), and Radulphus Brito (1290s).

Incorporeal: Lacan’s logical solution to Freudian aporias related to space

ABSTRACT: This article presents some findings derived from the doctoral thesis entitled Subject Topos. The problem of space in psychoanalysis. The aim is to show how Lacan used the logic of ancient stoicism to solve the Freudian problems related to space, which posed difficulties both in locating the unconscious spatially, and in clearly establishing a conception of the body, thus solving the advantages derived from the limits imposed by Aristotelian logic and Newtonian mechanics.

Traditional Logic and Computational Thinking

In this contribution, we try to show that traditional Aristotelian logic can be useful (in a non-trivial way) for computational thinking. To achieve this objective, we argue in favor of two statements: (i) that traditional logic is not classical and (ii) that logic programming emanating from traditional logic is not classical logic programming.