Evaluation of the Efficacy of Mineralized Dentin Graft in the Treatment of Intraosseous Defects: An Experimental In Vivo Study

Background and Objectives: Dentin grafts have osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties and are considered as an alternative to autogenous graft. This study evaluates the efficacy of autogenous mineralized dentin graft (AMDG) alone or with xenograft and compares it with those of various graft materials used in the treatment of intraosseous bone defects. Materials and Methods: The third incisor teeth of six sheep (2–3 years old) were extracted and AMDG was obtained. Six defects were prepared on each tibia of these six sheep: empty defect (group E); autogenous graft (group A), dentin graft (group D), xenograft (group X), autogenous + xenograft (group A + X) and dentin + xenograft (group D + X). Three sheep in each group were sacrificed in the post-operative 3rd and 6th week and the histologic analyses were performed. Results: The D and D + X groups showed histological features similar to the other groups in the 3rd and 6th weeks. No statistically significant difference was found regarding the rates of new bone formation between the D and D + X groups (p = 1.0) and the other groups at both time intervals (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Similar results observed in this study between groups A, D, X, A + X and D + X demonstrate that AMDG can be successfully used in the treatment of intraosseous bone defects. Further experimental and clinical studies are needed to be able to evaluate the effectiveness of dentin grafts in different types of indications.

Mandibular Reconstruction with Autogenous Graft After Surgical Treatment of Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma: a Case Report and Literature Review

Fibro-bone lesions (LFO) are defined as a group of lesions characterized by the replacement of normal bone tissue with fibrous connective tissue, of variable cellularity, permeated by a variable amount of mineralized material, whose microscopic appearance may resemble bone, cement or a mixture of both. Among the injuries that make up this group, we can mention: fibrous dysplasia, ossifying fibroma, bone dysplasia and cemento-bone dysplasia. In this case report, we presented a mandibular reconstruction with free autogenous graft from the iliac crest, with the use of stereolithography prototyping, after the surgical treatment of a cemento-ossifying fibroma, as well as to describe the clinical, epidemiological, radiographic characteristics, and histological, the differential diagnosis and the form of treatment of the referred pathology.

Inferior alveolar nerve repositioning with simultaneous iliac bone autogenous graft for treatment of atrophic posterior mandibular ridge

Patients with tooth loss in the posterior mandible,requiring dental implantation, mayalso require other simultaneous surgical procedures due to severe atrophy, such as nerve lateralization. However, it is difficult to achieve the appropriate width and height in this area in patients with atrophic ridges. In the present case, we performed inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) repositioning and iliac bone grafting simultaneously to achieve satisfactory width and height in an edentulous adult patientwith insufficient bone height and width in the posterior mandible. The follow-up did not indicateany nerve damage, anda significant increase was observed in the bone height, which facilitated successful implantation. This study showed the feasibility of IAN repositioning withsimultaneous iliac bone autogenous grafting for thetreatment of atrophic posterior mandibular ridges. However, further studies are required to confirm the safety and efficacy of this combinational method.