Neonatal bacterial attack-unraveling the mysteries of acid defense

This review article examines how gastric acidity develops and is maintained during the first 4 weeks of life. An initial maternal transfer of gastrin is followed by progressively increasing baby gastrin, not yet restrained by the rising acidity. When the negative feedback matures, baby acid secretion becomes controlled and independent.

EFFECT OF CURCUMIN FEEDING IN FEED FOR TREATING JAMBAL SIAM FISH (Pangasius hypopthalmus) INFECTED BACTERIA Aeromonas hydrophila

Curcumin is one of the secondary metabolite compounds products that can increase the immune system of fish against bacterial attack. The purpose of this research was to find out the changes in the erythrocytes of a striped fish that were infectious bacteria A. hydrophila and treated with feeding containing curcumin and know the best dose of curcumin extract in the feed. This research was conducted in September to November 2019. The test fish used was the seed of a striped fish that measures 8-10 cm by 150 tails. Method used was the method of experimental and complete random design a factor of 5 levels of treatment and 3 times repeated, the treatment was Kn (feeding without the extract of curcumin and not infected with bacteria A. hydrophila), Kp (feeding without being given curcumin extract and infectious bacteria (A. hydrophila), P1 (addition of curcumin in feed at a dose of 0.7 g/kg), P2 (0.9 g/kg), P3 (of 1.1g/kg). The results shown that P3 treatment was the best treatment with a < 0.05 P where in a total of erythrocytes was 2.46 x 106 cells/mm3. Hemoglobin 9.4 g/dl, hematocrit value of 32.3%, and survival rate was 90%. Curcumin was able to treat fish from an A. hydrophila infection.

Comparison Study Of Bacteria On Pangasius djambal In Ponds And River In Pagelaran Lampung

Pangasius djambal is one of the popular fish. The obstacle in this fish culture is the presence of bacterial attack, which is thought to originate from the waters where the fish live. This study aims to determine the differences in the number of bacteria found in the body of P djambal that are cultivated in ponds and those that live in rivers. Based on research, it is known that the number of bacteria found in the body of fish originating from rivers is more than the number of bacteria originating from ponds. The results showed the number of bacteria in the gills of fish from river reached 250 x 107 Cfu/g and in mucus 199 x 107 Cfu/g. While the number of fish bacteria originating from ponds in the gills section is 204 x 107 Cfu/g and in the mucus section is 131x107 Cfu/g.

The effectiveness of honey supplementation in feed for improving goldfish fingerling Carassius auratus immune system against Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria attack

ABSTRACT The attack of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria can cause mortality in goldfish approximately 100%. The controlling of this bacterial attack can be done through increased fish immunity. Honey is one of the natural ingredients that increases body immune system. This study aimed to determine the effective dose of honey supplemented in feed to increase goldfish fingerling resistance for disease prevention. Fish used in this study were goldfish fingerlings with 3.5 g average weight. This study was done using experimental complete randomized design method with five treatments and three replications. Treatments given were honey supplementation in feed with 0 ml/kg (A) as control treatment, 150 ml/kg (B), 200 ml/kg (C), 250 ml/kg (D), and 300 ml/kg (E). The result showed that honey supplementation in feed was effective to improve goldfish fingerlings resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila bacterial attack. The supplementation of honey in feed with 200 ml/kg was the best treatment for inducing goldfish fingerlings against A. hydrophila. This was proven by the increased white blood cells (leucocytes) (27.84 ± 5.07%) followed with no apparent clinical symptoms after attacked by A.hydrophila, such as hemorrhage, necrosis, exophthalmia or dropsy, besides showing the highest survival rate with 73.33 ± 11.5%. Keywords : Aeromonas hydophila, goldfish, honey, leucocyte, resistance ABSTRAK Serangan bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila dapat menyebabkan kematian ikan mas koki hingga mencapai 100%. Penanggulangan serangan bakteri tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh (imun) ikan. Madu merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis efektif penambahan madu pada pakan untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh benih ikan mas koki dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit aeromonasis. Benih yang digunakan adalah benih ikan mas koki berukuran 3.5 gram. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penambahan madu pada pakan dengan dosis 0 mL/kg (A) sebagai kontrol, 150 mL/kg (B), 200 mL/kg (C), 250 mL/kg (D), 300 mL/kg (E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan madu ke dalam pakan efektif dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan mas koki terhadap serangan Aeromonas hydrophila. Dosis 200 ml/kg pakan memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan mas koki terhadap serangan A. hydrophila terlihat dari peningkatan jumlah sel darah putih terbesar (27.84 ± 5.07%), tidak nampak adanya gejala klinis ikan terserang A. hydrophila seperti hemoragi, necrosis, exophthalmia maupun dropsy dan menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan mas koki tertinggi yaitu sebesar 73.33 ± 11.5%. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, ketahanan tubuh, ikan mas koki, madu, sel darah putih.