General discussion and conclusions: the primary importance of light availability on the biology of Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
René Nadál Rollón
Keyword(s):  
Light Availability ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides

Uptake and allocation of 13C by Enhalus acoroides at sites differing in light availability

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wawan Kiswara ◽  
Ad H.L. Huiskes ◽  
Peter M.J. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Light Availability ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides

PREFERENSI PENEMPELAN, PERTUMBUHAN, DAN SINTASAN LARVA TERIPANG PASIR, Holothuria scabra PADA SUBSTRAT LAMUN YANG BERBEDA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Lisa Fajar Indriana ◽  
Yuli Afrianti ◽  
Sitti Hilyana ◽  
Muhammad Firdaus Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Holothuria Scabra ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Settlement Substrate ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata ◽  
Syringodium Isoetifolium ◽  
Cymodocea Serrulata

Teripang pasir, Holothuria scabra merupakan komoditas hasil laut yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Penangkapan berlebihan stok di alam mendorong berkembangnya kegiatan budidaya. Penempelan merupakan fase kritis pada larva teripang karena terjadi peralihan sifat planktonis ke bentik yang memerlukan substrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi penempelan, pertumbuhan, dan sintasan larva H. scabra fase penempelan pada substrat lamun yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan empat jenis daun lamun berbeda dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas Enhalus acoroides (L-1), Syringodium isoetifolium (L-2), Cymodocea serrulata (L-3), dan Cymodocea rotundata (L-4). Jumlah awal larva sebanyak 1.000 individu dan substrat dirangkai dengan luasan yang sama sebesar 12 cm x 17 cm untuk setiap unit penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis lamun yang digunakan sebagai substrat berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap preferensi penempelan dan sintasan larva teripang pasir, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan. E. acoroides menunjukkan hasil terbaik dengan preferensi penempelan 0,26 ind. cm-2 dan sintasan 10,66%; sehingga layak digunakan sebagai substrat penempelan dalam pembenihan teripang pasir, H. scabra.Holothuria scabra larvae on different seagrass substrates. By: Lisa Fajar Indriana, Yuli Afrianti, Sitti Hilyana, and Muhammad FirdausSandfish Holothuria scabra is marine commodities with a high economic value. Overfishing of natural stocks has compelled an interest to begin aquaculture practice. Settlement is a critical phase for the planktonic larvae as they will transform to benthic form in the presence of substrate. This study aims to evaluate the settlement preferences, growth, and survival rate of H. scabra larvae settled on different seagrass leaves. The research was conducted using the Completely randomized design with four different species of seagrass leaves and five replications. The treatments consist of Enhalus acoroides (L-1), Syringodium isoetifolium (L-2), Cymodocea serrulata (L-3), and Cymodocea rotundata (L-4). Initial number of larvae was 1,000 individuals and the substrate was set with same widthof 12 cm x 17 cm for each unit. Results of the experiment indicated that settlement preference and survival rate of H. scabra larvae was significantly affected by seagrass used as substrate while no significantly differences was observed for growth of larvae. E. acoroides showed the best result with 0.26 ind. cm-2 settelement preference and 10.66% survival rate, so that suitable to be used as settlement substrate in H. scabra hatchery.

scholarly journals The relative abundance of wheat Rubisco activase isoforms is post-transcriptionally regulated

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Alejandro Perdomo ◽  
Peter Buchner ◽  
Elizabete Carmo-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Rubisco Activase ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Diel Cycle ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Β Protein ◽  
Wheat Leaves

AbstractDiurnal rhythms and light availability affect transcription–translation feedback loops that regulate the synthesis of photosynthetic proteins. The CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco is the most abundant protein in the leaves of major crop species and its activity depends on interaction with the molecular chaperone Rubisco activase (Rca). In Triticum aestivum L. (wheat), three Rca isoforms are present that differ in their regulatory properties. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the relative abundance of the redox-sensitive and redox-insensitive Rca isoforms could be differentially regulated throughout light–dark diel cycle in wheat. While TaRca1-β expression was consistently negligible throughout the day, transcript levels of both TaRca2-β and TaRca2-α were higher and increased at the start of the day, with peak levels occurring at the middle of the photoperiod. Abundance of TaRca-β protein was maximal 1.5 h after the peak in TaRca2-β expression, but the abundance of TaRca-α remained constant during the entire photoperiod. The redox-sensitive TaRca-α isoform was less abundant, representing 85% of the redox-insensitive TaRca-β at the transcript level and 12.5% at the protein level. Expression of Rubisco large and small subunit genes did not show a consistent pattern throughout the diel cycle, but the abundance of Rubisco decreased by up to 20% during the dark period in fully expanded wheat leaves. These results, combined with a lack of correlation between transcript and protein abundance for both Rca isoforms and Rubisco throughout the entire diel cycle, suggest that the abundance of these photosynthetic enzymes is post-transcriptionally regulated.

scholarly journals Intensity and mode of Lindera melissifolia reproduction are affected by flooding and light availability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 13153-13165
Author(s):  
Theodor D. Leininger ◽  
Emile S. Gardiner ◽  
Brian Roy Lockhart ◽  
Nathan M. Schiff ◽  
Alphus Dan Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Availability

scholarly journals Light environment drives evolution of color vision genes in butterflies and moths

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yash Sondhi ◽  
Emily A. Ellis ◽  
Seth M. Bybee ◽  
Jamie C. Theobald ◽  
Akito Y. Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
High Light ◽  
Light Environment ◽  
Evolution Rate ◽  
Animal Evolution ◽  
Light Sensing ◽  
Rates Of Evolution ◽  
Gains And Losses

AbstractOpsins, combined with a chromophore, are the primary light-sensing molecules in animals and are crucial for color vision. Throughout animal evolution, duplications and losses of opsin proteins are common, but it is unclear what is driving these gains and losses. Light availability is implicated, and dim environments are often associated with low opsin diversity and loss. Correlations between high opsin diversity and bright environments, however, are tenuous. To test if increased light availability is associated with opsin diversification, we examined diel niche and identified opsins using transcriptomes and genomes of 175 butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). We found 14 independent opsin duplications associated with bright environments. Estimating their rates of evolution revealed that opsins from diurnal taxa evolve faster—at least 13 amino acids were identified with higher dN/dS rates, with a subset close enough to the chromophore to tune the opsin. These results demonstrate that high light availability increases opsin diversity and evolution rate in Lepidoptera.

Distribution and Seasonality of Macroalgae on Oyster Communities of Central Chesapeake Bay

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith L. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distributions ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Study Sites

AbstractField studies of the benthic macroalgae of fifteen selected Chesapeake Bay oyster communities were conducted over a period of a year (March 1977 to February 1978). Algal distribu tion and seasonal occurrence were studied in relation to changes in the physical environment. Salinity, temperature, and light availability were important factors in the spatial and temporal distributions of algae in these subtidal habitats.Seventeen species of Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta were recorded from the fifteen study sites distributed over 130 kilometers within the Maryland portion of Chesapeake Bay. Species of Chlorophyta were associated with oyster communities throughout the year of study with maximum numbers of species and maximum biomass occurring in spring. Only once was a member of the Phaeophyta encountered; a single filamentous species, Ectocarpus, was collected during winter. Species of Rhodophyta were present throughout the year at the study sites.Most of the algae collected reproduced asexually by spores and/or vegetative fragments. Sexual reproduction occurred in some of the red algal species. The presence of tetrasporic and cystocarpic plants of Dasya baillouviana and Polysiphonia harveyi var. olneyi may indicate that the usual triphasic Florideophycean life history occurs in this estuary.

scholarly journals Starch Production in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii through Supraoptimal Temperature in a Pilot-Scale Photobioreactor

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1084
Author(s):  
Ivan N. Ivanov ◽  
Vilém Zachleder ◽  
Milada Vítová ◽  
Maria J. Barbosa ◽  
Kateřina Bišová
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Cellular Division ◽  
Starch Production

An increase in temperature can have a profound effect on the cell cycle and cell division in green algae, whereas growth and the synthesis of energy storage compounds are less influenced. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, laboratory experiments have shown that exposure to a supraoptimal temperature (39 °C) causes a complete block of nuclear and cellular division accompanied by an increased accumulation of starch. In this work we explore the potential of supraoptimal temperature as a method to promote starch production in C. reinhardtii in a pilot-scale photobioreactor. The method was successfully applied and resulted in an almost 3-fold increase in the starch content of C. reinhardtii dry matter. Moreover, a maximum starch content at the supraoptimal temperature was reached within 1–2 days, compared with 5 days for the control culture at the optimal temperature (30 °C). Therefore, supraoptimal temperature treatment promotes rapid starch accumulation and suggests a viable alternative to other starch-inducing methods, such as nutrient depletion. Nevertheless, technical challenges, such as bioreactor design and light availability within the culture, still need to be dealt with.

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