On the survival, morphology and growth of mature stands of the seagrass Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle: in situ imposed shading and transplantation experiments

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
René Nadál Rollón
Keyword(s):  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Mature Stands ◽  
Transplantation Experiments

Plasticity of marine sponge habitat preferences with regard to light and water motion: the example of Batzella inops (Topsent, 1891) in submerged caves

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
P. Nemoy ◽  
E. Spanier ◽  
N. Kashtan ◽  
A. Israel ◽  
D. L. Angel
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Reciprocal Transplantation ◽  
Preferred Habitat ◽  
Contrasting Habitats ◽  
Transplantation Experiments

This study examined the effects of environmental conditions on the distribution of marine sponges. We measured the abundance of the sponge Batzella inops (Topsent, 1891) in two contrasting habitats: inside submerged caves and on the surfaces of submerged boulders. We hypothesised that caves are a preferred habitat for B. inops over the boulder surfaces, and tested this by descriptive (quadrate sampling) and manipulative (reciprocal transplantation) experiments. In addition, we tested B. inops in situ for the presence of photosynthetic activity. We found that B. inops is more abundant inside the caves (mean ± s.e.m., 1.2 ± 0.6individualsm–2) than on the outside boulder surfaces (0.15 ± 0.19individualsm–2). We also detected photosynthetic activity in B. inops in both habitats. The results of transplantation experiments suggested that the sponge prefers the transfer from inside to outside the cave rather than vice versa. Therefore, we conclude that although B. inops is more abundant in sheltered habitats, such as submerged caves, adult individuals of this sponge can survive transfer to exposed conditions. Altogether, our findings point to the plasticity of B. inops habitat preferences and may aid further research into conservation or mariculture of this and possibly other sponge species.

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman Jenis, Tutupan Lamun, dan Kualitas Air di Perairan Teluk Ambon

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-594
Author(s):  
Marsya Jaqualine Rugebregt ◽  
Caleb Matuanakotta ◽  
Mr. Syafrizal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Halophila Ovalis

Ekosistem lamun merupakan salah satu ekosistem penting di laut, disamping terumbu karang dan mangrove sebagai pendukung kehidupan biota. Ekosistem lamun memiliki fungsi ekologi diantaranya adalah sebagai habitat, tempat pemijahan, pengasuhan, pembesaran, dan mencari makanan dari berbagai biota. Berkembangnya kegiatan manusia di wilayah pesisir khususnya di perairan Teluk Ambon seperti kegiatan pariwisata, pemukiman, dan aktivitas lainnya memungkinkan adanya pengaruh terhadap ekosistem lamun, sehingga diduga mengalami perubahan fisik, kelimpahan, maupun sebarannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis dan persentase tutupan, serta kualitas air di ekosistem lamun Teluk Ambon. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September 2019 di Teluk Ambon dengan 7 (tujuh) stasiun yaitu Tanjung Tiram, Halong, Galala, Lateri, Passo, Waiheru, dan Tawiri. Data diperoleh menggunakan teknik transek dengan mengadopsi protocol dari UNESCO pada ekositem lamun yang kontinu atau koleksi bebas pada vegetasi lamun yang sepenggal-sepenggal. Parameter kualitas air yang diukur meliputi parameter fisika (suhu dan salinitas) dan parameter kimia (pH, DO, nitrat, silikat dan fosfat. Suhu, salinitas, pH, dan Do diukur secara in situ dengan menggunakan Water Quality Checker (WQC) WTW 3430 Set F. Sampel air dibawa ke laboratorium kimia Pusat Penelitian Laut Dalam LIPI Ambon untuk analisa nitrat, silikat dan fosfat dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil yang diperoleh terdapat enam jenis lamun yang ditemukan di Teluk Ambon yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila ovalis, Halophina minor, Cymonocea rotundata, dan Halodule pinifolia. Persentase tutupan lamun pada setiap stasiun Galala : E. acroides (34,41%), T. hemprichii (28,37%), H. ovalis (1,40 %) dan H. pinifolia (35.81%); Halong : E. acroides (29,42%), T. hemprichii (7,95%), H. ovalis (1,77 %), C. rotundata (10.58%) dan H. pinifolia (35.81%); Tj. Tiram : E. acroides (41.51%), T. hemprichii (52,72%), H. ovalis (0,61 %) dan H. pinifolia (5.16%); Lateri : E. acroides (76.25%) dan T. hemprichii (52,72%); Passo : H. minor (100%); Waiheru : E. acroides (100%); Tawiri  H. ovalis (46,45%) dan H. pinifolia (53.55%). Suhu perairan lebih rendah dari suhu optimum. Salinitas perairan dan DO masih dalam bakumutu yang diperolehkan. Berdasarkan nilai pH maka perairan Teluk Ambon tergolong perairan tidak produktif. Kadar fosfat dan nitrat lebih tinggi dari bakumutu berdasarkan KMNLH 2004.

scholarly journals Akumulasi Logam Berat Zn (seng) pada Lamun Enhalus acoroides dan Thalassia hemprichii di Perairan Pantai Kartini Jepara

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Sri Sedjati ◽  
Zidny Nurfadhli
Keyword(s):  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides

Lamun (seagrass) adalah tanaman air yang berbunga (Antophyta) dan mempunyai kemampuan beradaptasi untuk hidup dan tumbuh di lingkungan laut. Pantai Kartini merupakan kawasan yang strategis, karena sebagai jalur transportasi laut menuju obyek wisata Taman laut Nasional Karimunjawa dan Pulau Panjang. Pantai Kartini merupakan dermaga bagi kapal-kapal besar dan kapal-kapal pariwisata, kegiatan perdagangan, pariwisata serta fasilitas wisatawan yang diduga menjadi sumber logam berat Seng (Zn). Keberadaan lamun di laut dapat menjadi bioindikator pencemaran logam berat karena meyerap dan mengakumulasi bahan pencemar. Logam berat umumnya mempunyai sifat toksik dan berbahaya bagi organisme hidup, walaupun beberapa diantaranya diperlukan dalam jumlah kecil E. acoroides dan T. hemprichii diambil dari 3 stasiun penelitian yang telah ditetapkan. Pengambilan sampel lamun E. acoroides dan lamun T. hemprichii dilakukan dengan memilih lamun yang tua dengan ciri-ciri warna daun lebih pekat dan memiliki tekstur daun yang lebih keras, serta memiliki bagian-bagian yang lengkap dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara mencabut hingga akar-akarnya sebanyak 3 tegakan setiap stasiun. Parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, salinitas, oksigen terlarut, kecerahan, pH dan arus diukur secara in situ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai akumulasi logam berat Zn (Seng) pada akar E. acoroides berkisar antara 0,98 – 2,06 mg/kg dan pada Daun 0,60 – 1,01 mg/kg, sedangkan akumulasi logam berat Zn (Seng) pada akar T. hemprichii berkisar antara 0,32 – 0,53 mg/kg dan pada daun 0,95 – 1,21 mg/kg. Kemampuan lamun   E. acoroides dan Thalassia hemprichii di Pantai Kartini dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Seng (Zn) termasuk dalam kategori rendah dengan nilai faktor biokonsentrasi rata-rata < 250.   Kata Kunci : E. acoroides, T. hemprichii, Seng (Zn), Faktor Biokonsentrasi (BCF)

Depth-Related Alkaloid Variation in Mediterranean Aplysina Sponges

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Putz ◽  
Anne Kloeppel ◽  
Martin Pfannkuchen ◽  
Franz Brümmer ◽  
Peter Proksch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Light ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Related Alkaloid ◽  
Underwater Slope ◽  
Aplysina Aerophoba ◽  
Transplantation Experiments ◽  
Observation Period

Total amounts and patterns of bromoisoxazoline alkaloids of Aplysina sponges from Croatia (Mediterranean Sea) were analyzed along an underwater slope ranging from 1.8 to 38.5 m. Total amounts of alkaloids varied from sample to sample and showed no correlation with depth. In contrast, striking differences of alkaloid patterns were found between sponges from shallow sites (1.8 - 11.8 m) and those collected from deeper sites (11.8 - 38.5 m). Sponges from shallow depths consistently exhibited alkaloid patterns typical for Aplysina aerophoba with aerophobin-2 (2) and isofistularin-3 (3) as main constituents. Sponges from deeper sites (below 11.8 m) resembled Aplysina cavernicola with aerothionin (4) and aplysinamisin- 1 (1) as major compounds. The typical A. cavernicola pigment 3,4-dihydroxyquinoline- 2-carboxylic acid (6), however, could not be detected in A. aerophoba sponges but was replaced by the A. aerophoba pigment uranidine (5) which appeared to be present in all sponge samples analyzed. During transplantation experiments sponges from sites below 30 m featuring the A. cavernicola chemotype of bromoisoxazoline alkaloids were translocated to shallower habitats (10 m). The alkaloid patterns in transplanted sponges were found to be stable over a period of 12 months and unaffected by this change in depth. In a further experiment, clones of Aplysina sponges from shallow depths of 5 - 6 m resembling the A. aerophoba chemotype were either kept in situ under natural light conditions or artificially shaded by excluding photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Neither 4 nor 1 were detected in artificially shaded sponges over an observation period of 12 months. In summary, two chemically distinct types of Aplysina sponges were discovered in this study that proved to be remarkably stable with regard to the bromoisoxazoline patterns and unaffected either by changing the light conditions or depth. It is not clear presently whether the Aplysina sponges collected from depths < 11.8 m represent a new chemotype of A. cavernicola lacking the pigment 6 or whether we have incidentally come across a so far undescribed species of the genus Aplysina.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN ALGORITMA SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER (SAM) UNTUK KLASIFIKASI LAMUN MENGGUNAKAN CITRA SATELIT WORLDVIEW-2

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunung Noer Aziizah ◽  
Vincentius Paulus Siregar ◽  
Syamsul Bahri Agus
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Spectral Angle Mapper ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Halophila Ovalis ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata ◽  
Spectral Libraries ◽  
Spectral Angle

Remote sensing technology has been developed for monitoring and identification of coastal environment and resources, such as seagrasses. In Indonesia, particularly seagrass mapping spectrometer utilizing spectral library has not been done. This study aimed to determine the spectral signature based in situ measurement and image analysis, analyze the implementation of the algorithm Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and test accuracy in mapping seagrass to species level based on spectral libraries. Research conducted in seagrass Tunda Island, Banten. Satellite imagery used is WorldView-2 and the seagrass spectral reflectance was measured using a spectrometer USB4000. SAM classification algorithm utilizing spectral libraries and classify objects in a single pixel can be homogeneous. Classification results in the form of class Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, and Halophila ovalis. The resulting accuracy of 35.6%. The area of each class is 0.8 hectares for the class Cymodocea rotundata, 2.79 hectares for Enhalus acoroides, class Thalassia hemprichii 3.7 hectares, and 3.5 hectares for Halophila ovalis. Classification of seagrass to species level yet produce good accuracy. Seagrass area with a variety of species and number of channels on a multispectral satellite image is assumed to be the cause of the low value of accuracy. AbstrakPemanfaatan teknologi satelit penginderaan jauh (remote sensing) sangat berkembang untuk identifikasi dan memantau sumberdaya alam wilayah pesisir, seperti lamun. Di Indonesia khususnya pemetaan lamun memanfaatkan pustaka spektral dari spektrometer belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran spektral lamun berdasarkan pengukuran in situ dan analisis citra satelit, memetakan lamun hingga tingkat spesies berdasarkan pustaka spektral pengukuran in situ dengan penerapan algoritma SAM dan menguji tingkat akurasinya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di ekosistem lamun Pulau Tunda, Banten. Citra satelit yang digunakan adalah WorldView-2 dan reflektansi spektral lamun diukur menggunakan spektrometer USB4000. Algoritma klasifikasi SAM memanfaatkan pustaka spektral dan mengkelaskan obyek dalam satu piksel secara homogen. Hasil klasifikasi berupa kelas lamun Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia Hemprichi, dan Halophila ovalis. Akurasi yang dihasilkan sebesar 35.6 %. Luas area masing-masing kelas adalah 0.8 Ha untuk kelas Cymodocea rotundata, 2.79 Ha untuk kelas Enhalus acoroides, 3,7 Ha kelas Thalassia hemprichii, dan 3.5 Ha untuk Halophila ovalis. Klasifikasi lamun hingga tingkat spesies belum menghasilkan akurasi yang baik. Area lamun dengan jenis yang beragam dan jumlah saluran pada citra satelit multispektral diasumsikan menjadi penyebab rendahnya nilai akurasi.

scholarly journals FATE OF SEAGRASS PRODUCTION AS ASSESSED BY CAGE EXPERIMENTS IN Enhalus Acoroides BED IN GILIMANUK BAY, BALI, INDONESIA

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
M. Husni Azkab
Keyword(s):  
Seagrass Meadow ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seagrass Bed ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides

In 2006, the amounts of seagrass products floating away and depositing were measured by in situ cage experiments in a monospecific seagrass meadow of Enhalus acoroides in Gilimanuk Bay, Bali Island. Results showed that the average rates of the floating and depositing leaves were 4.03 + 0.28 and 7.95 + 0.31 gram dry weight shoot-1 day-1 respectively. To express it in another way, about 66.4 % of seagrass production was deposited on the seagrass bed and 33.6 % floated away from the seagrass bed.

scholarly journals GROWTH RATE AND PRODUCTIVITY DYNAMICS OF ENHALUS ACOROIDES LEAVES AT THE SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM IN PARI ISLANDS BASED ON IN SITU AND ALOS SATELLITE DATA

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustin Rustam ◽  
Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen ◽  
Zainal Arifin ◽  
Jonson Lumban Gaol ◽  
Risti Endriani Arhatin
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
The West ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Satellite Image Processing ◽  
Productivity Rate ◽  
West Monsoon

Enhalus acoroides is the largest population of seagrasses in Indonesia. However, growth rate  and  productivity  analyses  of Enhalus  acoroides and  the use  of  satellite data to estimate its the productivity are still rare. The goal of the research was to analyze the growth rate, productivity rate,seasonal productivity of Enhalus acoroides in Pari island and its surroundings. The study was divided into two phases i.e., in situ measurments and satellite image processing. The field study was conducted to obtain the coverage percentage, density, growth rate, and productivity rate, while the satellite image processing was used to estimate the extent of seagrass. The study was conducted in August 2011 toJuly  2012  to  accommodate  all  four  seasons. Results  showed  that  the highest  growth  rate  andproductivity occurred during the transitional season from west Monsoon to the east Monsoon of 5.6cm/day  and  15.75  mgC/day, respectively.   While, the  lowest growth rate  and productivity occurred during  the  transition  from east  Monsoon  to  the  west  Monsoon of 3.93  cm/day  and  11.4  mgC/day, respectively. Enhalus  acoroides productivity reached its maximum during  the  west  Monsoon  at 1081.71 mgC/day/m2 and minimum during east Monsoon with 774.85 mgC/day/m2 . Based on ALOS data in 2008 and 2009, total production of Enhalus acoroides in the proximity of Pari islands reached its maximum occur during the west Monsoon (48.73 – 49.59 Ton C) and minimum during transitional season (16.4-16.69 Ton C). Potential atmospheric CO2 absorption by Enhalus acoroides in Pari island was estimated at the number 60.14 – 181.82 Ton C.

scholarly journals Variasi Komposisi Dan Kerapatan Jenis Lamun Di Perairan Ujung Piring, Kabupaten Jepara

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Retno Hartati ◽  
Widianingsih Widianingsih ◽  
Adi Santoso ◽  
Adi Santoso ◽  
Hadi Endrawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Seagrass Species ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Primary Producer ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata ◽  
Syringodium Isoetifolium

Seagrass has an important role for marine environment as a primary producer also as constituent and ecosystems habitats that support the life on coral reefs and mangrove or coastal. This research is aimed to identify the seagrass species and to undertand thier density and coverage. This research was conducted on June-August 2016 at Ujung Piring waters, Jepara. The research used descriptive method. Sampling was conducted on five stations, where each station performed five repetitions. The seagrasses found in research sites were identified and counted for their density and coverage. Seawater quality parameter were measured in situ. Sediment were take for grain size analysis to undertand their characteristic. The research showed that during the study period there were four species of seagrasses i.e. Enhalus acoroides, Thalasia hemprichii, Cymodocea Rotundata, and Syringodium isoetifolium. Overall this study indicate the highest and lowest density found in Thalassia hemprichii  (33,87 and 4,35 stands/m²).  E. acoroides had highest coverage (48,67%) while the lowest (8,71%) was T. hemprichii. There were variation in density and covarage of seagrass species due to water quality and showed uneven distribution of the seagrass species in that area.  Keywords : Enhalus acoroides,  Thalasia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Syringodium isoetifolium, variasi komposisi, Lamun memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan di laut sebagai produsen primer serta penyusun habitat dan ekosistem yang menyangga kehidupan di terumbu karang dan mangrove atau daratan pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis lamun dan variasi kerapatan dan penutupannya di perairan Ujung Piring, Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni–Agustus 2016 di perairan Ujung Piring Jepara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada lima stasiun, dimana setiap  stasiun dilakukan lima kali pengulangan. Lamun diidentifikasi di lokasi penelitian, dihitung kerapatannya dan penutupannya. Pengukuran kualitas perairan dilakukan in situ, sedangkan sedimen diambil untuk dianalisa butiran untuk mengetahui karakteristik sedimennya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan selama periode penelitian terdapat 4 jenis lamun, yaitu Enhalus acoroides,  Thalasia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Syringodium isoetifolium. Kerapatan tertinggi dan terendah ditemukan pada Thalassia hemprichii yaitu 33,87 dan 4,35 tegakan/m².  Persentase penutupan tertinggi ditemukan pada E. acoroides dengan nilai 48,67% dan yang terendah 8,71% oleh T. hemprichii. Terdapat variasi komposisi dan kerapatan berdasarkan waktu pengamatan, hal ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh lingkungan dan tidak terjadi persebaran lamun yang merata pada daerah tersebut. Kata Kunci :  Enhalus acoroides,  Thalasia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Syringodium isoetifolium, variasi komposisi.

scholarly journals Kelimpahan Rumput Laut Di Komunitas Lamun Di Perairan Pulau Nyamuk Kepulauan Karimunjawa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Rio Adista Widodo Putra ◽  
Adi Santoso ◽  
Ita Riniatsih
Keyword(s):  
Caulerpa Racemosa ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Halophila Ovalis ◽  
Northern Island ◽  
Seagrass Cover ◽  
Index Value ◽  
East West

Pulau Nyamuk merupakan salah satu pulau yang berada di bagian barat kepulauan Karimunjawa. Rumput laut dan lamun masuk dalam vegetasi pesisir yang ada di Pulau Karimunjawa. Tingginya aktivitas penangkapan ikan oleh nelayan dan rencana pembangunan sarana pariwisata diduga menjadi pemicu tertekannya 2 vegetasi laut tersebut di Pulau Nyamuk. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis dan struktur komunitas rumput laut di padang lamun di perairan Pulau Nyamuk Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tumbuhan rumput laut dan lamun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksplorasif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 3 stasiun yang berbeda di perairan Pulau Nyamuk, yaitu pada stasiun A bagian timur, stasiun B pada bagian barat dan stasiun C pada bagian utara Pulau Nyamuk. Ditemukan 5 jenis rumput laut jenis Padina australis, Halimeda macroloba, Caulerpa sertulairoides, Caulerpa racemosa dan Sargassum sp. dan 2 spesies lamun jenis Enhalus acoroides dan Halophila ovalis. Rata-rata total tutupan rumput laut adalah 48,61 % sedangkan tutupan lamun adalah 19,94 %. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman dan keseragaman rumput laut termasuk kategori rendah, kecuali pada perairan utara pulau nilai keanekaragamannya sedang dan nilai keseragamannya tinggi. Sedangkan indeks dominasi terlihat ada spesies rumput laut yang mendominasi pada perairan bagian barat dan timur pulau. Nyamuk Island is one of an island located in the western part of Karimunjawa archipelago. Seaweed and seagraas is a marine vegetation in Nyamuk Island. The highest fishing activities and the development plan of tourism facilities trigger the depressed ecological function these marine vegetation on Nyamuk Island. This study aims to identify the type and structure of the seaweed community in seagrass beds and the environmental factors of aquatic physics that affect the existence of seaweed and seagrass in the waters of Nyamuk Island. This research was conducted on August 29 to September 1, 2017, located at Nyamuk Island, District Karimunjawa, Jepara regency, Central Java Province. The material used in this research was seaweed and seagrass plants. This research parameter data taken directly (in situ). This research uses descriptive exploration method. This research was conducted on 3 different stations in the waters of Nyamuk Island, which is on the east, west and north of Nyamuk Island.Found 5 types of seaweed type Padina australis, Halimeda macroloba, Caulerpa sertulairoides, Caulerpa racemosa and Sargassum sp. and 2 species of seagrass species Enhalus acoroides and Halophila ovalis. The average total seaweed cover is 48.61% while the seagrass cover is 19.94%. The index value of diversity and uniformity of seaweed is low except in Northern Island, diversity value including medium and uniformity is high, while dominance index is seen that seaweed species dominate on Western and Eastern Island.

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