COMPLEX TREATMENT OF COWS WITH PURULENT-NECROTIC ULCERS OF THE DISTAL PART LIMBS’

The search and implementation of the simplest, most accessible, effective, and economically justified means and methods of treating limb diseases in veterinary medicine is an urgent task today. This research paper shows data on the clinical picture and dynamics of planimetric indicators of healing of purulent- necrotic ulcerative lesions of hooves in sick cows. Experimental studies were conducted on the basis of LLC IWC “Krasnaya Zvezda” of the Ulyanovsk region, on cows with purulent-necrotic ulcers in the hoof area before treatment, the picture of ulcerative lesions of the extremities in all experimental animals was identical. Ulcers were localized in various areas of the pelvic limbs: the interdigital fissure, crumb, aureola, rudimentary fingers, etc. Thus, all animals were marked with severe and moderate lameness, deformed hooves (had a sharp-angled shape) and support on the hooked part of the hooves. The shapes and sizes of ulcerative lesions were different: from irregular oval-elongated to rounded, on average, the area of ulcerative defects before treatment was within 12,87…21,14 cm2. The surrounding tissues in the area of defects were tense, swollen, painful and hyperemic. Studies have shown that the use of synthetic sorption and antiseptic drugs in the complex treatment of cows with purulent-necrotic ulcers in the hoof area contributes to a faster localization of the inflammatory process in the hoof area in cows (in the experimental groups, clinical signs of lameness in patients disappeared on 10.20±1.937 and 11.00±1.065 days, and complete recovery of animals was recorded on 16.8±2.342 and 16.60±1,185 days, respectively), with simultaneous intensive reduction of the area of affected purulent-necrotic focus(by 7 days of treatment, the reduction of the area of ulcerative defects in the hoof area varied within 50.6.... 61.1%).

Phagocytic glioblastoma-associated microglia and macrophages populate invading pseudopalisades

Hypoxic pseudopalisades are a pathological hallmark of human glioblastoma, which is linked to tumour malignancy and aggressiveness. Yet, their function and role in the tumour development have scarcely been explored. It is thought that pseudopalisades are formed by malignant cells escaping from the hypoxic environment, although evidence of the immune component of pseudopalisades has been elusive. In the present work, we analyse the immunological constituent of hypoxic pseudopalisades using high-resolution three-dimensional confocal imaging in tissue blocks from excised tumours of glioblastoma patients and mimic the hypoxic gradient in microfluidic platforms in vitro to understand the cellular motility. We visualize that glioblastoma-associated microglia and macrophages abundantly populate pseudopalisades, displaying an elongated kinetic morphology across the pseudopalisades, and are oriented towards the necrotic focus. In vitro experiments demonstrate that under hypoxic gradient, microglia show a particular motile behaviour characterized by the increase of cellular persistence in contrast with glioma cells. Importantly, we show that glioblastoma-associated microglia and macrophages utilize fibres of glioma cells as a haptotactic cue to navigate along the anisotropic structure of the pseudopalisades and display a high phagocytic activity at the necrotic border of the pseudopalisades. In this study, we demonstrate that glioblastoma-associated microglia and macrophages are the main immune cells of pseudopalisades in glioblastoma, travelling to necrotic areas to clear the resulting components of the prothrombotic milieu, suggesting that the scavenging features of glioblastoma-associated microglia and macrophages at the pseudopalisades serve as an essential counterpart for glioma cell invasion.

Early enteral nutrition in surgical treatment of an acute complicated pancreatitis

Objective. To estimate the efficacy of early enteral nutrition (EEN) in patients with an acute complicated pancreatitis, after determining of its content and improving the realization methods. Маterials and methods. There were studied the results of EEN in 82 patients, suffering an acute complicated pancreatitis. Two groups of patients were delineated - the main (n=58), in which EEN was included into the complex of treatment in preoperative and postoperative periods, and a comparative one (n=24). For conduction of EEN the probe was put during fibrogastroscopy into jejunum (in 25 patients), while suboperative nasogastrointestinal intubation was performed (in 12), and a jejunostomy in accordance to Witzel procedure was formatted (in 21), what have appeared the most effective procedure and served for realization of the Fast track surgery principles. Results. Nutritious food blends were applied in combination with probiotics and the metabolism correctors. Application of EEN in the patients іn an acute complicated pancreatitis have promoted more rapid restoration of a motor-evacuation function of a small bowel, normalization of levels of the blood leukocytes and proteins, weakening of microstructural changes in mucosa and «clearance» of purulent-necrotic focus. Conclusion. EEN in the patients, suffering an acute complicated pancreatitis constitutes an effective component of surgical treatment in preoperative and postoperative periods.

Surgical Management of Osteoradionecrosis of the Temporal Bone

The surgical management of osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone has met with limited success because of the difficulty in accurate assessment of the viability of nonnecrotic bone intraoperatively. Failure to resect all nonviable bone results in recurrence of a necrotic focus. With the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to stabilize marginal bone and oral tetracycyline to label viable bone preoperatively, removal of all nonviable bone can be accomplished. Postoperatively, a second course of hyperbaric therapy enhances wound healing, thus assuring a successful outcome. This article details a successful systematic approach that was developed to resect a necrotic focus In the temporal bone of a 10-year-old boy who had undergone a full course of radiotherapy for treatment of a rhabdomyosarcoma.

Studies of Autofluorescence in Experimentally Induced Cerebral Necrosis in Pigs

Lesions of cerebrocortical necrosis experimentally induced in pigs by transcalvarial freezing with liquid nitrogen were slightly fluorescent 48 hours after surgery. Fluorescence increased greatly thereafter and was most marked grossly under ultraviolet illumination with a wavelength of 366 nm at 7 days. Fluorescence of the necrotic focus persisted up to 35 days after surgery. Detection of cerebrocortical necrosis by ultraviolet illumination of fresh specimens during gross inspection is useful in determining the extent and distribution of lesions. This would aid more accurate selection of brain sections for histological examination in various encephalopathies.