“But man is not made for defeat”: insights into Ernest Hemingway’s dementia

ABSTRACT Ernest Hemingway is widely regarded as one of the greatest fiction writers of all time. During his life, he demonstrated several signs of psychological suffering with gradual worsening and presentation of cognitive issues over his late years. Some of his symptoms and the course of his disease suggest that he might have suffered from an organic neurodegenerative condition that contributed to his decline, which culminated in his suicide in 1961. In this historical note, we discuss diagnostic hypotheses compatible with Hemingway’s illness, in light of biographical reports.

Cultura y Revolución. Tres notas a propósito de Memorias del subdesarrollo

Más allá de la multitud de interpretaciones que han generado las versiones literaria y cinematográfica de Memorias del subdesarrollo, estas tres notas pretenden acercarse al modo en que dichas versiones se insertan y hasta cierto puntoresuelven conflictos planteados al intelectual cubano en la Revolución. La polémica en torno a la prohibición de P.M., la influencia de la figura de Ernest Hemingway entre los escritores de la Isla y el papel de un autor atípico y de un texto menor en la configuración del protagonista de Memorias… permiten vislumbrar el modo en que la literatura y el cine cubanos abordan temas como la censura, la figura y el papel del intelectual o la configuración de políticas culturales en épocas de inflexión histórica.

Stylistics analysis of the short story “My Old Man” by Ernest Hemingway

This study aims to explore the language style of Ernest Hemingway’s short story “The Old Man”. This research describes the stylistic used in the short story. Ernest Hemingway is one of the famous writers of prose and short story. Many people recognize his special works for short stories because Ernest Hemingway has a characteristic that makes him one of the best short story writers in Europe from a young age. My Old Man is the first work known for the lot use of stylistic styles that distinguish this story from Hemingway’s other works. The researcher limits the stylistic only to explore linguistics such as pragmatics and semantics. In addition, the researcher explains the features of stylistic devices which are on simile, poetry, and calque. This study combines 2 methods of analysis, namely textual and stylistic analysis. The results illustrated how Hemingway used stylistic to describe a child as the narrator, where he told in detail the dark experiences of his father in the world of horse racing in a coherent manner. Hemingway combined his imagination with processing language styles in the story.

Modernism, Inflation and the Gold Standard in T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound

The great inflation of the 1920s had a dramatic effect on Anglophone literary modernism. Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot and Ernest Hemingway all recognized that financial signs had come unmoored from any objective reference, and their work explores the literary implications of representation's newly autonomous, performative power. Pound blamed the economic and cultural crisis on ‘usury.’ Following Aristotle, he conceived of usury as the unnatural reproduction of autonomous representation, and thus as the antithesis of natural sexual and semiotic fertility. He particularly deplored the historical role played by Samuel Loyd, the Victorian head of Lloyds Bank, who had cunningly manipulated the gold standard in order to give control of the economy to ‘usurers.’ In his financial journalism for Lloyds Bank Monthly, Eliot used the gold standard as an economic logos in order to facilitate usury. Pound saw that Eliot's theory of the ‘objective correlative’ was incompatible with the referential model of representation assumed by the gold standard.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE THEME IN THE KILLERS FROM PERSPECTIVE OF ICEBERG THEORY

The Killers was published in 1927 and became one of the classic works of Ernest Hemingway. The whole novel is composed of dialogues and contains profound themes in concise language but contains rich storyline and profound themes. In 1932, Hemingway proposed the famous Iceberg Theory in his documentary work as a metaphor. Then the iceberg theory soon becomes a typical theory with simple art in terms of style which is deleting the dispensable things in the novel. Therefore, the author hopes to use the classic Iceberg Theory, combining with the text, to analyze the two themes in the paper: the violent and chaotic society at the time and the sense of helplessness and despair of people. Many people were confused and puzzled about the society at that time and felt at a loss. In a chaotic society full of violence, no direction in life can be found, so people's life is helpless and desperate. So, people could appreciate the unique literature values of The Killers and further understand the dark side of the society behind it. Using the analytical perspective of Iceberg Theory can provide readers a more accurate understanding of Hemingway's creative methods which is helpful for understanding the connotation of Hemingway's fictions.

An Analysis of Santiago’s Character in Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea : A Saga of Indomitable Human Spirit

This article explores the epic story of an old fisherman and his experience at the sea that portrays the physical and emotional strength of a man called Santiago and will analyse his motivation to reclaim his lost reputation and dignity of not catching a fish for 84 days. Santiago confronted each day with poise and dignity for many days without catching a fish and was made fun of by many fishermen. He was called unlucky (salao) by the fellow fishermen. Hemingway illustrates the daring resolution of the old man through this tale. The story deals with the vital issues of mortality, hope, despair, and determination, where an old fisherman fights back against a huge fish to reclaim his honour and dignity. Ernest Hemingway rejoices over this heroic man who goes through life’s challenges alone with fierce courage and tenacity, exhibiting what Hemingway views as an indestructible spirit of man at its best. In addition, Hemingway reminds us about the human spirit and the importance of human dignity in our everyday struggle for survival. Hemingway compels us to acknowledge courage, tenacity, skill, expertise, and strength through this story. He recalls a tale of valour, daring, and heroism, of one man's struggle against his own doubts and about his success and failure, and his ultimate triumph. The novel brings forth man’s understanding of his own mortality and his power to overcome it. The objective of this study is to analyse the character of Santiago, based on the structural elements,using qualitative research.The primary data of the research is The Old Man and the Sea and the secondary data of the research are the other materials related to the study. The result of the study shows following conclusion.Based on the research the character of Santiago’s struggle displays the aptitude of the indomitable spirit of man that endures suffering and adversity in order to succeed. The story illustrates Santiago’s adventure and resolution, hardship and perseverance.

The Portrayal of The Image of Love in Hemingway's Selected Novels

The researcher tries to output a sufficient analysis for selected texts of Hemingway to reflect how his characters has demonstrate the image of love. The analysis for Hemingway's texts aims to offer a typical answer to the question, which was to what extent did Hemingway portray the image of love in his selected novels. While going through and trace Hemingway's characters, the researcher discovers that all of them have been emotional where love comes as a changing factor in their life. Love concept has been display in many portraits such as physical, spiritual and love for God. The main themes were discussed and analyzed psychologically by tracing group of heroes and heroines who live, represent and portray these topics though the great modernist American author Ernest Hemingway in his selected novels.