COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Attitude toward Booster Doses among US Healthcare Workers

Vaccine reluctance among healthcare workers (HCW) can have widespread negative ramifications, including modeling behavior for the general population and challenges with maintaining a healthy workforce so we can respond to a resurgence of the pandemic. We previously reported that only one-third of HCW were willing to take the vaccine as soon as it became available prior to its Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). Here, we re-examine the attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines among HCW several months after the vaccines have been made widely available. In this study, only 7.9% (n = 107) of respondents were hesitant to take the first or second dose of the vaccine. Younger age (18–40 years) and lower level of education attainment (GED or less) were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy, whereas self-identified Asian racial identity was associated with greater acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Among the vaccine-hesitant group, more respondents noted mistrust of regulatory authorities (45.3%), government (48.6%), and pharmaceutical companies (50%) than mistrust of doctors (25.4%). Nearly two-thirds of respondents were concerned that vaccination may be ineffective against new strains and booster doses may be required; however, vaccine-hesitant respondents’ acceptance of a hypothetical booster dose was only 14.3%. Overall, vaccine hesitancy was observed to have demographic predictors similar to those previously reported; the hesitancy of some US HCW to receive booster doses may reflect a general hesitancy to receive other forms of vaccination.

Command2Vec: Feature Learning of 3D Modeling Behavior Sequence—A Case Study on “Spiral-stair”

In this study, we applied machine learning to mine the event logs generated in modeling process for behavior sequence clustering. The motivation for the study is to develop cognitively intelligent 3D tools through process mining which has been a hot area in recent years. In this study, we develop a novel classification method Command2Vec to perceive, learn and classify different design behavior during 3D-modeling aided design process. The method is applied in a case study of 112 participate students on a ‘Spiral-stair’ modeling task. By extracting the event logs generated in each participate student’s modeling process into a new data structures: ‘command graph’, we classified participants’ behavior sequences from final 99 valid event logs into certain groups using our novel Command2Vec. To verify the effectiveness of our classification, we invited five experts with extensive modeling experience to grade the classification results. The final grading shows that our algorithm performs well in certain grouping of classification with significant features.

Charity and debt behaviors comparison: perception of low-income households

Purpose This paper aims to investigate low-income households in Indonesia with regard to their perspective on charity-giving and its comparison with acquiring debt behavior as their tendencies on taking and giving behaviors toward monetary form. The research framework is seen from the Islamic perspective. Design/methodology/approach Theory of social production function and theory of planned behavior are used as a theoretical framework. A total of 98.89% of the distributed questionnaires were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling. Behavior of giving charity and acquiring debt are compared according to the given determinants. Findings Under the given Islamic framework, charity is found to be not confined to the donor’s wealth. It is rather centered on religiosity and faith. Subjective norm does not influence intention toward charity. Hence, it only depends on consideration and awareness of a person toward regular giving of charity. Unlike debt that is confined by a person’s wealth, the intention to take debt consecutively of low-income households are also affected by their attitudes, significant others and experiences. Research limitations/implications Respondents are residents of six Indonesian territories that represent West, Middle and East Indonesia. Practical implications Findings are useful for social, as well as microfinance practitioners who are interested in the financial education on low-income households and study their perspective and behavior. Social implications This paper indirectly contributes to changing the perspective of society about charity-giving, especially in philanthropy subject. This paper is also highly recommended for regulator’s input on financial education, as well as for practitioners, consultants and educators. Originality/value Charity basically can assist low-income households experiencing financial hardship, which may be the consequence of consecutive taking debt. Most of the studies on charity-giving focus on high-income households, likewise the debt behavior. Charity-giving in voluntary form is also not widely discussed in view of behavior, specifically in Asian countries like Indonesia.

Banking and Money in an Extended Solow-Uzawa’s Neoclassical Growth Model

This study deals with interactions between economic growth and structural change with banking. The study is influenced by the growth model of money and banking by Chang et al. (2007). It deviates from Chang et al.’ model with regard to the monetary authority behavior, economic structure, and modeling behavior of household. The model deals with dynamic interactions between money, banking, economic structural change and growth in a perfectly competitive economy. The economic system consists of one capital goods sector, one consumer goods sector, and one banking sector. The two goods sectors are based on the Solow-Uzawa growth model. The motion is described by a set of differential equations. For illustration, we simulate the motion of the economic system. We identify the existence of a stable equilibrium point. We carry out comparative dynamic analysis. The comparative analyses provide some insights into the complexity of economic growth with banking.

Modeling Behavior as Dynamic Sequential States: Introduction to the Special Issue

This special issue of Evaluation and The Health Professions focuses on applications and extensions of latent transition analysis (LTA), a longitudinal parameterization of the latent class (LC) model. LTA is a model of discrete or qualitative change over time among potentially complex states (e.g., patterns of recent drug use or abuse experiences), commonly referred to as latent classes, latent profiles, or latent statuses. Frequently, researchers will distinguish the term “classes” for cross-sectional studies and with LTA use “statuses” to indicate the concept of “dynamic change” with individuals shifting in their response patterns and associated statuses over time. It goes without saying that LTA models are underutilized, although quite flexible. This special issue showcases articles that apply LTA and extend the capabilities of this approach to modeling discrete change in new ways.

STATISTICAL INFERENCE FOR GEOMETRIC PROCESS WITH THE GENERALIZED RAYLEIGH DISTRIBUTION

In the present paper, statistical inference problem is considered for the geometric process (GP) by assuming the distribution of the first arrival time is generalized Rayleigh with the parameters $\alpha$ and $\lambda$. We use the maximum likelihood method for obtaining the ratio parameter of the GP and distributional parameters of the generalized Rayleigh distribution. By a series of Monte-Carlo simulations evaluated through the different samples of sizes small, moderate and large, we also compare the estimation performances of the maximum likelihood estimators with the other estimators available in the literature such as modified moment, modified L-moment, and modified least squares. Furthermore, we present two real-life dataset analyzes to show the modeling behavior of GP with generalized Rayleigh distribution.