Statistical analysis of 200 digital twins for thermal load of Swiss buildings created from smart grid monitoring data

Exploiting thermal inertia of buildings as flexibility for the electric grid requires information about thermal dynamics in the system. The presented paper proposes a new method to create digital twins based on smart meter monitoring data and has been applied to 200 Swiss residential buildings. The statistical analysis of these heat pump based heating systems shows expected distributions of key parameters such as heat losses, solar gain factors and thermal capacities. Regional comparisons for crucial building parameters have been carried out and the remote identification of potential renovation candidates has shown promising results.

On the Utility of Longwave-Infrared Spectral Imaging for Remote Botanical Identification

A multi-year airborne field investigation of remote botanical species identification was conducted involving multiple curated botanical collections. The purpose of the study was to better constrain the observational conditions that most favor remote identification by longwave-infrared spectral imaging and assess the degree to which confidence metrics developed for remote chemical composition determination could be adapted to botanical species classification. Identification success was examined as a function of spatial resolution and viewing obliquity. A key aim was to articulate a procedure for validating inferred species identifications and evaluating the retrieval methodology’s performance for alleviating confusion between species exhibiting spectral similarity at the foliar scale. It was found that several confounding factors degrade confidence in the species identifications to levels that render the approach impractical in the general case. A number of taxa, predominantly evergreen, were nevertheless identified that are amenable to the technique and for which utility may be viable.

METHOD FOR REMOTE DETECTION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES IN THE NEAR AND MIDDLE IR RANGE

A scheme of a lidar complex for remote identification of explosives by the method of differential absorption and scattering is proposed. Calculation studies on remote sensing of spectroscopic parameters of some hazardous chemicals have been carried out.