Method of Moment Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes Embedded in A Lossy Dielectric Slab Using A Multilayer Dyadic Green’s Function

<div>Modeling the electromagnetic response of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced composites is inherently a three dimensional (3D) multi-scale problem that is challenging to solve in real-time for nondestructive evaluation applications. This article presents a fast and accurate full-wave electromagnetic solver based on a multi-layer dyadic Green’s function approach. In this approach, we account for the effects of the dielectric slab, where the CNTs are embedded, without explicitly discretizing its interfaces. Due to their large aspect ratios, the CNTs are modeled as arbitrary thin wires (ATWs), and the method of moment (MoM) formulation with distributed line impedance is used to solve for their coupled currents. The accuracy of the inhouse solver is validated against commercial method of moment (MoM) and finite element method (FEM) solvers over a broad range of frequencies (from 1 GHz to 10 THz) and for a wide range of dielectric slab properties. Examples of 100nm long vertical and horizontal CNTs embedded in a 1 μm thick lossy dielectric substrate are presented. The in-house solver provides more than 50 ✕ speed up while solving the vertical CNT, and more than 570 ✕ speed up while solving the horizontal CNT than a commercial MoM solver over the GHz to THz frequency range.</div>

Method of Moment Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes Embedded in A Lossy Dielectric Slab Using A Multilayer Dyadic Green’s Function

<div>Modeling the electromagnetic response of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced composites is inherently a three dimensional (3D) multi-scale problem that is challenging to solve in real-time for nondestructive evaluation applications. This article presents a fast and accurate full-wave electromagnetic solver based on a multi-layer dyadic Green’s function approach. In this approach, we account for the effects of the dielectric slab, where the CNTs are embedded, without explicitly discretizing its interfaces. Due to their large aspect ratios, the CNTs are modeled as arbitrary thin wires (ATWs), and the method of moment (MoM) formulation with distributed line impedance is used to solve for their coupled currents. The accuracy of the inhouse solver is validated against commercial method of moment (MoM) and finite element method (FEM) solvers over a broad range of frequencies (from 1 GHz to 10 THz) and for a wide range of dielectric slab properties. Examples of 100nm long vertical and horizontal CNTs embedded in a 1 μm thick lossy dielectric substrate are presented. The in-house solver provides more than 50 ✕ speed up while solving the vertical CNT, and more than 570 ✕ speed up while solving the horizontal CNT than a commercial MoM solver over the GHz to THz frequency range.</div>

On the Accurate Numerical Analysis of the Propagation Through Dielectric Frequency-Selective Surfaces Using a Vectorial Modal Method

In this work, we focus on the numerical analysis of the propagation of plane-waves in one-dimensional periodic lossy dielectric media, which constitute the building block of dielectric frequency-selective surfaces (DFSSs). To this end, a full-vectorial modal method was used, in which discontinuities of some components of the electromagnetic fields have to be evaluated, and we propose a numerical improvement in the evaluation of some integrals appearing in the developed formulation. Some confusion may exist in the evaluation of the cited integrals due to the discontinuous nature of the dielectric function and its transverse gradient. Therefore, some considerations are given in order to solve these integrals accurately for the general case of a relative dielectric permittivity function defined as a sum of lossy dielectric slabs. We particularize our study to a dielectric frequency-selective surface (DFSS), for which the periodic dielectric medium can be defined as constant functions inside an homogeneous region, whose contours define the discontinuities. Thus, the relative dielectric permittivity can be expressed in terms of the Heaviside or step function. In this way, the above-mentioned integrals can be correctly evaluated in the discontinuity, obtaining good results with the employed vectorial modal method for both the propagation constant and the electromagnetic fields obtained in the periodic dielectric medium constituting the DFSS. These results are compared with those obtained with a less accurate evaluation of the cited integrals, when an approximation made by other authors is used.